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Heliobas Disciple

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Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domains may yield new vaccine-resistant variants
Public Library of Science
March 1, 2022


1646217188574.jpeg
Monoclonal antibody-mediated neutralization of SARS-CoV-2: The left panel illustrates the morphology of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and displaying the trimeric spike protein on its surface bound with antibodies. The right panel depicts the zoomed view of the trimeric spike protein (top view) in prefusion state bound with monoclonal antibodies. Each monomer of the spike protein shows the receptor binding domain (RBD) in green, orange and magenta, which contains a receptor binding motif in cyan on the top. Mutations emerged in the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants are shown in red. Here, the C309 (a parent of VIR-7831 or Sotrovimab) antibody is shown in blue, which is one of the antibodies in clinical use that is minimally impacted by the Omicron variant mutations. Credit: Piyush Prakash, Anshumali Mittal, Vikash Verma, Arun Khatri (CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons — Attribution 4.0 International — CC BY 4.0)


The SARS-CoV-2 virus is continuously evolving and structural changes to the virus may impact the efficacy of antibody therapies and vaccines. A study published February 17 in PLOS Pathogens by Anshumali Mittal at the University of Pittsburgh and colleagues describes the structural and functional landscape of neutralizing antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and discuss the effects of mutations on the virus spike protein that may allow it to evade antibody responses.

All viruses mutate as they evolve, and most mutations have either negative or neutral effects on viral fitness. However, some mutations give viruses a selective advantage, making them more infectious, transmittable, and resistant to antibody responses and therapeutics. To better understand the relationship between immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 virus and how mutations may allow the virus to escape neutralization, researchers conducted a review of the literature, comprising approximately 139 studies. They synthesized research on emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, described the structural basis of how antibodies may neutralize SARS-CoV-2, and mapped out the spike protein mutations or "escape variants" that resist antibody binding and neutralization.

The researchers summarized the structure-based classification of the spike protein receptor-binding domains (RBD) that target antibodies to better understand the molecular mechanisms of neutralization. They also further described the RBD escape mutations for several antibodies that resist vaccine-elicited and therapeutically relevant antibodies binding. Future studies are needed, however, to better understand how these mutations may affect illness severity and mortality.

According to the authors, "The potency of therapeutic antibodies and vaccines partly depends on how readily the virus can escape neutralization. The SARS-CoV-2 virus will continue to evolve resulting in the emergence of escape variants; therefore, worldwide genomic surveillance, better vaccination drive, development of broadly neutralizing antibodies, and new drugs are vital to combat COVID-19."

Mittal adds, "Structure-based escape maps combined with computational modeling are valuable tools to understand how mutations at each residue affect the binding of an antibody, and can be utilized to facilitate the rational design of escape-resistant antibody therapeutics, vaccines and other countermeasures."


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Increased infectivity, antibody escape drive SARS-CoV-2 evolution
 

Heliobas Disciple

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Face masks play a crucial role, new COVID research confirms
Chalmers University of Technology
March 1, 2022

An international research team from universities including Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, the University of Padua and the University of Udine in Italy, and the University of Vienna, Austria, has developed a new theoretical model to better assess the risks of spreading viruses such as COVID-19—with and without a face mask. The results show how the standard 'safe' distance of two meters does not always apply but varies greatly depending on a range of environmental factors, and that face masks can indeed play a crucial role.

The current recommendations and understanding around the transmission of respiratory infectious diseases are often based on a diagram developed by the American scientist William Firth Wells in 1934. But this model is very simplified and does not account for the true complexity of transmission.

Now, in the new study "Modelling the direct virus exposure risk associated with respiratory events," the researchers developed a more advanced model to show that it is possible to more efficiently calculate the direct risk of spreading COVID infection by including a number of factors, such as interpersonal distance, temperature, humidity levels, viral load and type of exhalation. They also managed to demonstrate how these risks change with and without a face mask.

The study revealed, for example, that a person talking without a face mask can spread infected droplets one meter away. Should the same person cough, the drops can be spread up to three meters and if the person sneezes, the spread distance can be up to seven meters. But using a face mask, the risk of spreading the infection decreases significantly.

"If you wear a surgical mask or an FFP2 mask, the risk of infection is reduced to such an extent that it is practically negligible—even if you're only standing one meter away from an infected person," explains Gaetano Sardina, Associate Professor of Fluid Mechanics at the Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences at Chalmers University of Technology, who is one of the researchers behind the study.

In the study, published in the Journal of the Royal Society Interface, the researchers tested the new model using data from recent numerical experiments on droplet emissions. This allowed them to take several factors into account and quantify the risk of infection, with and without a face mask.

Size a factor in droplet behavior

Viruses, such as SARS-COV-2, are spread from an infected individual to other susceptible individuals through virus-filled droplets that are released when talking, coughing, or sneezing. Droplets emitted from the salivary glands are sprayed out through the exhaled air. Once out of the mouth, these drops can either evaporate, settle or remain floating. Larger and heavier droplets tend to fall in a ballistic motion before evaporating, while smaller droplets behave like aerosols that spray and remain airborne.

The results show that a surgical face mask and, to an even greater extent, an FFP2 mask provide excellent protection that significantly reduces the risk of infection. Provided that the face mask is worn correctly, the risk of infection is negligible even at distances as short as one meter, regardless of environmental conditions and if the person is talking, coughing or sneezing.

Next step: A study on airborne spread

With this study complete, the research team is now already working on a new study aiming to explore the airborne spread of the disease.

"The published study addresses direct droplet transmission of COVID—another important transmission path is the indirect and airborne route in poorly ventilated rooms. We are currently working on this aspect and our preliminary results show the effectiveness of face masks inalso preventing the airborne spread of the disease," says Gaetano Sardina.

The study, "Modelling the direct virus exposure risk associated with respiratory events," is published in the Journal of the Royal Society Interface.


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New study identifies most effective face-mask practices to reduce spread of infection
 

Heliobas Disciple

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Booster critical as COVID-19 vaccine-induced antibodies wane in 6 months, don't protect against Omicron
by Emily Caldwell, The Ohio State University
March 1, 2022

A new study using serum from human blood samples suggests neutralizing antibody levels produced by two-dose mRNA vaccines against the original and early variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus wane substantially over time, and offer essentially no protection against the Omicron variant.

The same Ohio State University lab found in a previous study, posted on the preprint server bioRxiv, that a third COVID-19 mRNA vaccine booster shot did produce effective levels of neutralizing antibodies against Omicron. This study has not yet been peer-reviewed.

"Our new work shows that two doses of mRNA vaccine do not offer protection against Omicron, and even having a breakthrough infection on top of vaccine does not help much. But our earlier study showed that the booster can really rescue the shortcomings of the two doses," said Shan-Lu Liu, the senior author of both studies and a virology professor in the Department of Veterinary Biosciences at Ohio State.

The new research is published online as a First Release paper in the journal Science Translational Medicine.

The researchers examined antibodies in serum samples from 48 health care professionals with experimental versions of the parent virus and the alpha, beta, delta and Omicron variants. Serum samples were collected pre-vaccination, three to four weeks after a first vaccine dose, three to four weeks after a second vaccine dose and six months after the second vaccine.

"There was a substantial increase in neutralizing antibodies after the second dose against every variant except the Omicron variant," said first study author John Evans, a Ph.D. student in Ohio State's Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Program who works in Liu's lab. "From the second dose to six months later, there was an at least five-fold drop in immunity, even against the parent virus."

Neutralizing antibodies that block viral particles' entry into host cells are considered the gold standard of protection against COVID-19 infection.

Twelve of the samples came from people suspected to have had a COVID-19 infection—at time points ranging from before vaccination to after two vaccine doses—based on a different kind of antibody testing. And though the findings suggested a breakthrough COVID-19 infection on top of vaccination increased immunity against most versions of the virus, antibodies from only one individual with previous infection reached levels that could put up a reasonable fight against Omicron.

"Overall, nobody in this study had good immunity against Omicron," said Liu, also an investigator in the university's Center for Retrovirus Research and a program co-director of the Viruses and Emerging Pathogens Program in Ohio State's Infectious Diseases Institute.

The experimental viruses were what are called pseudoviruses—a non-infectious viral core decorated with different SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins on the surface structured to match known mutations in the variants studied.

The researchers used a special method to detect neutralizing antibodies in the health professionals' blood samples to account for the varying levels of antibodies produced by individuals.

"Individuals did respond very differently to the first dose, and the same was true for the second dose," Liu said.

Results also showed that people who received the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine produced about two-fold lower levels of neutralizing antibodies than those who received the Moderna vaccine. Men also had significantly higher antibody levels compared to women against all variants over the post-vaccination time points.

Liu said the dramatic reduction in immunity six months after two vaccine doses and the earlier paper's finding that a booster protects against Omicron highlight how important a third shot is to avoiding infection.

"After the second vaccine dose, the neutralizing antibodies effective against Omicron dropped 23-fold, but with a booster shot, immunity dropped only three- to four-fold—which is comparable to booster effectiveness previously reported against the delta variant," he said. "Similar observations have been made by other labs."


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Pfizer booster more than 50% protective against omicron
 

Heliobas Disciple

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SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals could have different variants hidden in different parts of the body
Max Planck Society
March 1, 2022

People suffering from COVID-19 could have several different SARS-CoV-2 variants hidden away from the immune system in different parts of the body, finds new research published in Nature Communications by an international research team. The study's authors say that this may make complete clearance of the virus from the body of an infected person, by their own antibodies, or by therapeutic antibody treatments, much more difficult.

COVID-19 continues to sweep the globe causing hospitalisations and deaths, damaging communities and economies worldwide. Successive variants of concern (VoC), replaced the original virus from Wuhan, increasingly escaping immune protection offered by vaccination or antibody treatments.

In new research, comprising two studies published in parallel in Nature Communications, an international team led by Professor Imre Berger at the University of Bristol and Professor Joachim Spatz at the Max Planck Institute for Medical Research in Heidelberg , both Directors of the Max Planck Bristol Centre of Minimal Biology, show how the virus can evolve distinctly in different cell types, and adapt its immunity, in the same infected host.

The team sought to investigate the function of a tailor-made pocket in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in the infection cycle of the virus. The pocket, discovered by the Bristol team in an earlier breakthrough, played an essential role in viral infectivity.

"An incessant series of variants have completely replaced the original virus by now, with Omicron and Omicron 2 dominating worldwide." said Professor Imre Berger. "We analyzed an early variant discovered in Bristol, BrisDelta. It had changed its shape from the original virus, but the pocket we had discovered was there, unaltered." Intriguingly, BrisDelta, presents as a small subpopulation in the samples taken from patients, but appears to infect certain cell-types better than the virus that dominated the first wave of infections.

Dr. Kapil Gupta, lead author of the BrisDelta study, explains: "Our results showed that one can have several different virus variants in one's body. Some of these variants may use kidney or spleen cells as their niche to hide, while the body is busy defending against the dominant virus type. This could make it difficult for the infected patients to get rid of SARS-CoV-2 entirely."

The team applied cutting-edge synthetic biology techniques, state-of-the-art imaging and cloud computing to decipher viral mechanisms at work. To understand the function of the pocket, the scientists built synthetic SARS-CoV-2 virions in the test tube, that are mimics of the virus but have a major advantage in that they are safe, as they do not multiply in human cells.

Using these artificial virions, they were able to study the exact mechanism of the pocket in viral infection. They demonstrated that upon binding of a fatty acid, the spike protein decorating the virions changed their shape. This switching 'shape' mechanism effectively cloaks the virus from the immune system.

Dr. Oskar Staufer, lead author of this study and joint member of the Max Planck Institute in Heidelberg and the Max Planck Centre in Bristol, explains: "By 'ducking down' of the spike protein upon binding of inflammatory fatty acids, the virus becomes less visible to the immune system. This could be a mechanism to avoid detection by the host and a strong immune response for a longer period of time and increase total infection efficiency."

"It appears that this pocket, specifically built to recognize these fatty acids, gives SARS-CoV-2 an advantage inside the body of infected people, allowing it to multiply so fast. This could explain why it is there, in all variants, including Omicron" added Professor Berger. "Intriguingly, the same feature also provides us with a unique opportunity to defeat the virus, exactly because it is so conserved—with a tailormade antiviral molecule that blocks the pocket." Halo Therapeutics, a recent University of Bristol spin-out founded by the authors, pursues exactly this approach to develop pocket-binding pan-coronavirus antivirals.


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Researchers create minimalistic SARS-CoV-2 virions and discover the spike protein switching mechanism
 

Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ITr7oOsrXRI

Deaths WITH covid increase
24min 35sec
Mar 1, 2022

Dr. John Campbell

While deaths FROM covid remains essential level in Denmark as cases plummet
Lifted legal restrictions 1st November https://twitter.com/DrEricDing/status... https://inews.co.uk/news/science/why-...

Mortality due to COVID-19 in Denmark is not increasing as much as are case numbers
https://en.ssi.dk/news/news/2022/mort...

The Omicron variant has led to an increasing proportion of deaths “with” COVID-19 rather than deaths “due to” COVID-19
Number of people dying within 30 days of a positive Covid test SSI compared those numbers to death certificates 90% in agreement Omicron wave Many had virus all at once Much lower death rate 90% down to 30% dying from the virus US https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-trac...


Covid symptom tracker https://covid.joinzoe.com UK current data https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk ONS https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulati... UK Prevalence, week ending 19 February 3.84% in England (1 in 25 people,) 3.23% in Wales (1 in 30 people) 7.23% in Northern Ireland (1 in 14 people) 4.57% in Scotland (1 in 20 people) Long covid, as of 2 January 2022 1.3 million people 2.1% of the population Of those reporting long COVID symptoms 42% were experiencing these symptoms for at least a year Symptoms adversely affected the day-to-day activities of 63%) of those with self-reported long COVID.  Fatigue (50%) Shortness of breath (37%) Loss of smell (37%) Loss of taste (28%) Prevalence of LC Long COVID more common aged 35 to 69 years Females People living in more deprived areas Those working in health or social care or teaching and education People with another health condition or disability.  Long covid in primary school children 1.0% met all the criteria for long COVID at some point since March 2020. 20.0% had a positive COVID-19 test of any kind since March 2020 Secondary school pupils 2.7% met all the criteria for long COVID at some point since March 2020. FDA tweet on chocolate https://twitter.com/us_fda/status/147... https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consume...
 

BUBBAHOTEPT

Veteran Member
The Omicron variant has led to an increasing proportion of deaths “with” COVID-19 rather than deaths “due to” COVID-19
Remember folks here saying that the above was just a misuse of terms? I do. But wait, now the CDC likes using the term so it’s alright :shk:
And now for your viewing pleasure -my Forest Gump voice- and just like that in One Day, the CDC changes the Covid Threat Level map of the US….:lkick:
Don't you just love Science, or maybe Political Science would be more accurate… :hmm:
 

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oops

Veteran Member
They are discoverin a "new" side effect of covid...dil has been in the regional hospital for a week...due to covid causin pre eclampsia in pregnant mommas later in the pregnancy...whole wing at the hospital of mommas with the same problem...they are wantin to get the dil to 34 weeks then induce...right now BP has stabilized...n docs said if it stays stable for the next week...they're fairly sure of gettin her to the 34 week mark...as it seems the issue doesn't progress if it stabilizes n holds for the week...they are seein additional issues with the mommas that have BP that doesn't stabilize n hold...sigh...
 

jward

passin' thru

jward

passin' thru
I so hate to read that, Oops. Prayers for your DIL and grandbaby!
They are discoverin a "new" side effect of covid...dil has been in the regional hospital for a week...due to covid causin pre eclampsia in pregnant mommas later in the pregnancy...whole wing at the hospital of mommas with the same problem...they are wantin to get the dil to 34 weeks then induce...right now BP has stabilized...n docs said if it stays stable for the next week...they're fairly sure of gettin her to the 34 week mark...as it seems the issue doesn't progress if it stabilizes n holds for the week...they are seein additional issues with the mommas that have BP that doesn't stabilize n hold...sigh...
 

smokin

Veteran Member
Wait a second......... I had to get the shot in order to play sports. Now you're telling me i can't play because I took the shot?
Is this what following the science looks like ?
 

auxman

Ad eundum quo nemo ante iit...
Fauci has served his purpose for The Great Reset... now he recedes into the darkness, never to be seen from again...
 

Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
They are discoverin a "new" side effect of covid...dil has been in the regional hospital for a week...due to covid causin pre eclampsia in pregnant mommas later in the pregnancy...whole wing at the hospital of mommas with the same problem...they are wantin to get the dil to 34 weeks then induce...right now BP has stabilized...n docs said if it stays stable for the next week...they're fairly sure of gettin her to the 34 week mark...as it seems the issue doesn't progress if it stabilizes n holds for the week...they are seein additional issues with the mommas that have BP that doesn't stabilize n hold...sigh...

Happened to my vaxxed niece too. I'm not sure how many weeks along but she spent a week in the hospital before they induced her at around 34 weeks too. Baby is fine now, was a preemie obviously, but went home within 2 weeks. I hope hearing her story gives you some optimism that it'll work out for your dil too. I'm sorry any expectant mother has to go through this, when they should be excited and calm about a new baby coming.

HD
 

Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
Lady Spaulding@LadySpaulding

11I have to post this again with a translation in case some people aren't seeing it. "If your child got the mRNA , we have to assume it gave him heart damage until we rule it out. Only then, can we clear him for sports. What a staggering thing. (last time I forgot the pic)

View: https://twitter.com/LadySpaulding11/status/1499146956286877698?s=20&t=5IlmMWxWJYZQZozFIgadEA

here's the image. This is all so sad, it should never have happened. :shk:

FM4KM5YWUAEEJgE.jpg
 

Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
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Moderna sued for allegedly infringing patents tied to COVID-19 vaccine
Published Feb. 28, 2022
Ned Pagliarulo


Dive Brief:
  • Two biotech companies on Monday sued Moderna in U.S. federal court over claims the COVID-19 vaccine maker infringed on six patents they hold that describe technology important to the delivery of messenger RNA shots into the body.
  • The 51-page lawsuit, filed by Arbutus Biopharma and partner Genevant Sciences in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware, alleges that Moderna used their technology in its coronavirus vaccine and repeatedly refused to "engage meaningfully" in licensing negotiations.
  • In a statement emailed to BioPharma Dive, Moderna denied Arbutus and Genevant's allegations and said it would defend itself in court. The company added that its vaccine is the product of years of mRNA research and development, including the creation of proprietary delivery technology different than Arbutus and Genevant's.


Dive Insight:
Arbutus and Genevant's lawsuit escalates a yearslong dispute with Moderna that's already wound its way through a federal patent appeal board and a federal appeals court.

At issue are microscopic fat-like particles that Arbutus scientists developed to shield messenger RNA delivered into the body — inventions awarded several U.S. patents which Arbutus and partner Genevant allege Moderna infringed with its COVID-19 vaccine Spikevax.

In court documents, the two cited several disclosures in scientific publications describing early studies of what would become Spikevax, including one coauthored by National Institutes of Health scientists that was published in The New England Journal of Medicine. The papers, Arbutus and Genevant claim, show Moderna's vaccine uses so-called lipid nanoparticles that are covered by six separate patents they hold.

Moderna, for its part, claims to have created its own lipid nanoparticle technology, though the exact composition of the fatty shell used in Spikevax hasn't been disclosed. Moderna has also notified the U.S. government of Arbutus and Genevant's claims so it "can protect its rights in defending against any alleged liability to Genevant."

(Moderna previously disputed rights claimed by the U.S. government with respect to Spikevax, but has since decided not pursue issuance of the patent in question, which did not relate to lipid nanoparticles.)

Arbutus and Moderna have clashed several times before. Prior to the pandemic, Moderna had sub-licensed rights to some of Arbutus' technology though a Canadian company called Acuitas Therapeutics, an agreement Arbutus challenged claiming it violated a license granted to Acuitas. A 2018 settlement between Arbutus and Acuitas left intact four sublicenses to Moderna for specific vaccines against certain viruses, but not for use against SARS-CoV-2.

Soon after, Moderna challenged Arbutus' patents through a review process run by an arm of the U.S. Patent Office. While Moderna successfully invalidated one Arbutus patent, the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, or PTAB, partially rejected its efforts to overturn another and upheld the claims contained within a third last July.

That decision was affirmed by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal District, which in December 2021 rejected Moderna's appeal of the PTAB's decision.

Against this backdrop, Arbutus and Genevant claim they were "forced" to sue for damages due to "Moderna's intransigence" in discussing a license for lipid nanoparticles covered by Arbutus and Genevant's patents.

Arbutus and Genevant are not seeking an injunction on sales of Spikevax, which last year earned Moderna nearly $19 billion, and acknowledge Moderna's essential role in developing a vaccine that's saved tens of thousands of lives during the pandemic.

But they're hoping to win a judgement that Moderna infringed six of their patents and to secure damages no less than a "reasonable royalty" on Moderna's sales. Mani Foroohar, an analyst at SVB Leerink who covers Moderna, expects a single-digit royalty could be expected should the court rule against Moderna, which would still equate to a significant sum.

A trial, however, could take a long time. Arbutus and Genevant expect litigation could take at least two years, a timeline that Foroohar described as "optimistic."

Genevant was formed by Arbutus and another company called Roivant Sciences in 2018 and licensed Arbutus' lipid nanoparticle technology.
.
 

Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
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Booster Shots Causing More Injuries Than Previously Thought, Israeli Survey Shows
More Israelis are experiencing injuries and reactions following COVID-19 booster shots than the country’s passive reporting system indicates, according to a survey conducted by the Israeli Ministry of Health. What do the data tell us about safety signals and underreporting?
By Nolan E. Bowman
03/02/22

More Israelis are experiencing injuries and reactions following COVID-19 booster shots than the country’s passive reporting system indicates, according to a survey conducted by the Israeli Ministry of Health (MOH).

The MOH conducted an active survey of booster shot recipients to collect data on adverse events associated with booster doses, then compared the survey data to the data available from the country’s passive reporting system.

The survey concluded Israel’s passive reporting system was grossly underreporting adverse events.

The data from the Israeli survey could provide some insight into the extent of the underreporting occurring in the U.S.

It also could corroborate safety signals the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is ignoring.

What the survey found

The MOH survey was extensive in its breadth but limited in size.

More than 4,000 people were selected for the questionnaire. Of those, 2,049 were considered reliable reports.

The questionnaire was conducted between 21-30 days from the date the booster was administered.

The survey identified more than 40 different categories of vaccine reactions for both men and women. It also questioned a subset of women about their menstrual cycle.

Four of the 40 categories are immediately relevant to the booster rollout in the U.S. and any subsequent boosters the CDC might authorize moving forward.

The four categories are:

1. Hospitalizations

Six of the 2,049 (.29%) respondents were admitted to hospital following the booster shot. That number, though seemingly insignificant, carries more import when extrapolated to the millions of booster doses that have been administered:
  • Israel: 4.5 million booster doses administered = 13,000 hospitalizations
  • U.S.: 92 million booster doses administered = 270,000 hospitalizations.
2. Exacerbation of pre-existing disease

Six different categories of reported “chronic morbidities” (pre-existing diseases) were identified. These were the proportions of respondents in each category that reported a worsening of their disease after receiving a booster:
  • Heart disease = 5.4%.
  • Hypertension = 6.3%.
  • Lung disease = 7.0%.
  • Diabetes = 9.3%.
  • Anxiety disorder or depression = 26.4%.
  • Autoimmune disease = 24.2%.
3. Neurological side effects

A percentage of respondents (4.5%) reported a neurological adverse event.

Ten different categories of neurological side effects were reported, including tingling sensations, Bell’s Palsy, blurred vision, convulsions and involuntary movements.

Also, 3.9% of respondents reported an allergic reaction following the booster dose (rash, difficulty breathing, face/throat swelling), though no instances of anaphylaxis were reported.

4. Menstrual cycle irregularities

While the U.S. government-run Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) does not track information specific to a woman’s menstrual cycle, the volume of reported irregularities from the Israeli survey bears note.

Of the 615 female respondents who were under the age of 54, 59 (9.6%) reported menstrual irregularities. These women were surveyed in a follow-up interview. Within this subgroup, according to the survey, more than 88% of women reported a regular menstrual cycle before the booster dose.

However, after the booster dose:
  • 31.1% sought medical treatment for menstrual irregularities.
  • 9.1% received medication for the adverse reaction.
  • 39.0% suffered similar side effects after previous COVID vaccinations. More than two-thirds of women reported that these initial conditions waned in the five-month interval between the primary dose series and booster dose, but the conditions returned after the booster was administered. About half the women reported their adverse event was ongoing during the seven- to 12-week window of the follow-up.
Due to the overwhelming number of anecdotal reports of menstrual irregularities here in the U.S., the National Institutes of Health in September 2021 awarded Boston University a $1.67 million grant to study the effects of COVID vaccines on menstruation. The results are expected to be published in spring of 2022.

In addition to the reactions listed above, the MOH survey also found reports of injection-site reactions and general reactions.

The problem of underreporting

If reporting vaccine adverse events is the key to identifying safety signals, then underreporting creates an epidemic of another sort.

Josh Guetzkow, Ph.D., a law professor at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, analyzed the Israeli survey, levying a heavy-handed indictment of the safety data reported by Israel’s MOH and the vaccine mandates that followed.

While he noted that the differences between Israeli and U.S. reporting systems do not lend themselves to a direct correlation, Guetzkow was able to make some connections.

Using the active survey data, Guetzkow established an approximate underreporting factor (URF) for adverse events within the Israeli population (URF = 1 means all instances of an adverse event were captured):
  • Loss of consciousness URF = 1,700.
  • Difficulty breathing URF = 48,000.
  • Seizures URF = 6,500.
  • Bell’s Palsy URF = 6,000.
  • Blurred/disturbed vision URF = 4,000.
How does the URF in Israel’s passive reporting system compare with underreporting by VAERS in the U.S.?

As stated above, the differences between the two reporting systems prevent direct correlation. The MOH does not use the international classification system, MedDRA, for its reporting.

However, Guetzkow was able to generate some URF estimates of several serious conditions based on similarities in the two reporting systems.

Here’s what he found:
  • Seizures/convulsions VAERS URF = 731 (Total expected cases = 177,632).
  • Hospitalizations VAERS URF = 126 (Total expected cases = 266,488).
  • Bell’s Palsy VAERS URF = 3,034 (Total expected cases = 488,488).
  • Shingles (herpes zoster) VAERS URF = 401 (Total expected cases = 133,200).
Even if these numbers are exaggerated by 50%, they should still be setting off safety signals within the CDC, which would, in turn, prompt further investigation.

In the absence of active, independent survey data in the U.S., which one would think vital in the face of a global push for an experimental vaccine, such extrapolation of data from other countries is the best we can do.

What insurance company data reveal

When all else fails, follow the money.

Two health insurance companies in Germany are paying close attention to adverse events and vaccine-related injuries presumably because they don’t want to pay out health benefits from a government-mandated, experimental vaccine.

The staggering projections from the German companies are consistent with all-cause mortality numbers reported in the U.S.

According to the analyses, all-cause mortality in Germany is up 26%, which cannot be explained by COVID deaths alone (8% max).

The underreporting factors are 13.86 times too low, which amounts to more than 400,000 serious vaccine injuries and more than 31,000 deaths that have occurred since Germany rolled out its COVID vaccination campaign.

The vaccination campaign is the only variable that can account for this unnatural increase.

Based on some rough per-capita numbers, we could expect to see 1.6 million serious adverse events and 126,000 deaths related to the COVID vaccine here in the U.S.

Conclusion

As a capture system, VAERS has been a tool of convenience for the CDC used — before COVID — to demonstrate the safety of traditional childhood vaccines.

When a Harvard audit in 2010 concluded fewer than 1% of adverse events were being reported, the CDC glossed over this detail ignoring the very recommendations it hired the Harvard auditors to produce, in order to support the agency’s “vaccines are safe” narrative.

But once COVID vaccines were rolled out, and the number of adverse events reported to CDC surged, the agency changed its tune.

Now, the CDC claims, the data in VAERS has “limitations,” thus no one should be alarmed by the tens of thousands of reports of injuries and deaths.

The connection between the Israeli survey and VAERS is further complicated by the fact that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) used the safety data from Israel’s passive reporting system, which we now know to be highly underreported, to authorize boosters in the U.S. population.

It is estimated that 40% of eligible Americans have received a booster.

In the coming weeks and months, more data will likely confirm these estimates, and a clearer vision of the truth will emerge.

The CDC is just beginning to release V-SAFE data (extrapolations of the data, not the raw data), and the court-ordered release of all Pfizer’s clinical trial data should be public by the end of the year.

The purpose of VAERS is not to establish causality but to capture coincidence. If the recent, massive spikes in vaccine-related injuries and deaths are not enough of a safety signal to at least give the CDC and FDA pause — especially when underreporting factors are so high — then we must dismantle these agencies that work harder to protect the industrial medical complex than the people they are sworn to serve.
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Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
(fair use applies)

Whilst you’ve been distracted by Russia’s Invasion, the UK Gov. released a Report confirming the Fully Vaccinated now account for 9 in every 10 Covid-19 Deaths in England
By The Exposé on March 1, 2022

The latest data published by the UK Health Security Agency confirms deaths are rising dramatically among the triple vaccinated population whilst declining steadily among the not-vaccinated population in England.

With the most recent figures showing the fully vaccinated accounted for 9 in every 10 Covid-19 deaths over the past month; and the triple vaccinated accounted for 4 in every 5 of them.


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These are dark days for the citizens of Ukraine, but if you were to watch mainstream news or read a mainstream newspaper you could be forgiven for thinking the plight of the Ukrainians is currently the only event taking place in the world.

The Russian invasion is being aired in an endless 24/7 loop via BBC News and Sky News, with not a word about Covid-19 to be heard, despite airing nothing but propaganda and lies on the pandemic for the past two years.

It’s times like these that you ought to watch what bad news is being quietly published in the background in the hope that it won’t receive much attention, because there’s nothing better than an international crisis to distract the public from what’s going on at home.

With that being said, let’s take a look at what the UK Government have “quietly” published in the past week in regards to the Covid-19 situation in England.

The UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) publish a weekly Covid-19 Vaccine Surveillance Report, the most recent of which was published Thursday 24th Feb 22, and it can be viewed here.

Table 10, found on page 41 of the latest report shows the number of Covid-19 cases by vaccination status in England between 24th Jan and 20th Feb 22, and it confirms the vast majority were recorded among the triple vaccinated population.

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Source

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Source

In all, between 24th Jan and 20th Feb, there were a total of 1,490,464 Covid-19 cases recorded across England, and the triple vaccinated population accounted for 752,126 of them, whilst the not-vaccinated population accounted for 404,030 of them but 303,107 of those cases were among children.

Overall the vaccinated population accounted for 1,086,434 cases, meaning they accounted for 73% of all Covid-19 cases between 24th Jan and 20th Feb 22. But if we remove children from the equation we find that the vaccinated population accounted for 91% of all Covid-19 cases among over 18’s in England.

Table 11, found on page 42 of the latest report shows the number of Covid-19 hospitalisations by vaccination status in England between 24th Jan and 20th Feb 22, and it confirms the vast majority were again recorded among the triple vaccinated population.

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Source

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In all, there were 9,230 Covid-19 hospitalisations in England between 24th Jan and 20th Feb 22, and the triple vaccinated population accounted for 4,936 of them, whilst the not-vaccinated population accounted for 2,341 of them, 1,132 of which were allegedly children.

But this is where the data doesn’t make much sense. We know that Omicron is now the dominant variant in England, and we know it causes illness that is of equivalent severity to the common cold. So why is it that the data shows Covid-19 hospitalisations among children are more than double the amount that was being recorded when Delta was the dominant strain?

The following table is taken from Public Health England’s ‘Covid-19 Vaccine Surveillance Report – Week 36 – 2021‘, and it shows that between week 32 and week 35 of 2021 (when Delta was the dominant variant) there were just 404 Covid-19 hospitalisations recorded among under 18’s in England.

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Source – Page 17

This number of hospitalisations among under 18’s is typical for most of the weekly reports, so why on earth are Covid-19 hospitalisations now as high as 1,132 among children?

We know that children have never been at high risk of suffering severe disease due to Covid-19, and everyone should know by now that a person could be hospitalised with a broken leg and classed as a Covid-19 hospitalisation if they happen to test positive for Covid-19 with a highly questionable test within 28 days of admittance.

But we also know that the UK Government and NHS are attempting to justify Professor Chris Whitty’s decision to overrule the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation and offer the Covid-19 vaccine to children.

Are we seeing the UKHSA manipulate figures here through mass testing of already hospitalised children, to give the impression that experimental Covid-19 vaccination would benefit children?

When we include children in the hospitalisation figures we find that the vaccinated population accounted for 75% of all Covid-19 hospitalisations between 24th Jan and 20th Feb 22. But when we remove children, we find that the vaccinated population accounted for 85% of all Covid-19 hospitalisations among over 18’s in England.

image-527.png

Source

Table 12, found on page 43 of the latest report shows the number of Covid-19 deaths by vaccination status in England between 24th Jan and 20th Feb 22, and it confirms yet again that the vast majority were recorded among the triple vaccinated population.

image-530.png

Source

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Source

In all, there were 4,861 Covid-19 deaths between 24th Jan and 20th Feb 22, and the triple vaccinated population accounted for 3,120 of them. Whilst the not-vaccinated population accounted for just 559.

Overall, the vaccinated population accounted for 89% of all Covid-19 deaths during these four weeks, with 4,302 recorded deaths. This means the vaccinated population now account for 9 in every 10 deaths, and the triple vaccinated population account for 4 in every 5 of them.

But what’s most concerning here is that things are improving by the week for the not-vaccinated population, whilst they take a turn for the worse or the triple vaccinated population.

According to the ‘Week 51 – 2021 – Vaccine Surveillance Report‘, the total number of alleged Covid-19 deaths by vaccination status between November 22nd and December 19th, as confirmed by table 10 were as follows –
  • Not-vaccinated population = 889 deaths
  • Partly vaccinated population = 117 deaths
  • Triple/Double-vaccinated population = 2,796 deaths
image-533.png

Source – Page 40

This equated to the vaccinated population accounting for 77% of Covid-19 deaths between November 22nd and December 19th, and reveals that the number of Covid-19 deaths among the entire vaccinated population was 207 less than the total number of Covid-19 deaths recorded among the triple vaccinated population alone between 24th Jan and 20th Feb 22.

Deaths among the not-vaccinated have fallen from 889 between 22nd Nov and 19th Dec 21, to 559 between 24th Jan and 20th Feb 22. This represents a 37% decrease in overall deaths.

But deaths the vaccinated population have increased from 2,913 between 22nd Nov and 19th Dec 21, to 4,302 between 24th Jan and 20th Feb 22. This represents a 48% increase in overall deaths.

These aren’t the kind of figures you would expect to see if the Covid-19 injections really are up to 95% effective at preventing hospitalisation and death, are they?

So there you have it, whilst you’ve been distracted by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the UK Government released a report confirming the fully vaccinated now account for 9 in every 10 Covid-19 deaths in England. With news like this being swept under the rug by the mainstream media, it makes you wonder what else they will attempt to hide in the coming weeks?
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Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
From Profit of Doom.

(fair use applies)

Lasting Legacy of Trojan Horses
An anonymous tip from December of 2020 aged exceptionally well, with bad repercussions for the female fertility in girls born to both Covid-19 vaccinee parents.
Andreas Oehler
Mar 1 2022


Although it has been reported on by Igor Chudov a few days ago, I would like to add a bit more beef to this uncorroborated (so far) information, as it is the news no one wants to believe, but it deserves further investigation for the reasons outlined below.

The original Moderna insider tip from Dec. 2020, from two anonymous engineers working there, goes like this:

I'm an industrial engineer at Moderna and the other one of us is a process development engineer. I'm sure the same thing is happening with Pfizer-BioNTech. It was hard to put things together based on the small quantities of additions happening in manual step (highly unorthodox for a continuous process production). The explanation we got was highly sensitive trade secret adjuvants being added. Digging in deeper showed how sensitive it actually was.

Most people's understanding of this novel vaccine type is that it works as follows:

  1. Make mRNA coding for S protein
  2. Make lipid nanoparticle delivery system
  3. Profit
How it actually works from what we've uncovered:
  1. Make mRNA coding for S protein
  2. Make mRNA coding for mutant versions of CYP19A1 and CDKN1B in smaller amounts
  3. Make sure that while delivery system for (1) mostly ends up in liver, most of (2) ends up in the gonads
  4. Make sure form and quantity of additive upregulating LINE-1 reverse transcription activity makes it hard to detect among legit adjuvants
  5. Effects from (2) integrated by (4) are recessive; mildly oncogenic effects in vaccine recipients unlikely to be noticed for many years
  6. (5) recessive but since most of population vaccinated, in next generation female offspring have premature ovarian failure
The beef of this tip is that, in addition to the mRNA code for S spike, the vaccine vials will contain additional mRNA that codes both for a mutant version of CYP19A1 and a mutant version of CDKN1B. Both these mutant proteins are implicated in the female infertility issues. From the advantage of hindsight in March 2022, this information is creadible for the following reasons:
  • The pharmacokinetics information of the LNPs in mRNA vaccines has been spilled by the Japanese only in May 2021. As it turned out, the LNPs with the mRNA in them do not stay at the injection site, as CDC and other agencies postulated. Instead, they accumulate in the liver and the gonads of the vaccinees in high concentrations. Surprise! So, the tipsters have been confirmed correct in this regard.
  • The studies regarding LINE-1 enzymes being able to reverse transcribe the vaccine mRNA back into human DNA appeared much later as well:
    (1) “Reverse-transcribed SARS-CoV-2 RNA can integrate into the genome of cultured human cells and can be expressed in patient-derived tissues” ( Jaenisch et al., 2021.05.21)
    (2) “Coronavirus gene findings are no cause for alarm, says leading scientist“ (ABS-CBN, 2021.01.30):”The discovery by Professor Rudolf Jaenisch and researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, stirs up a hornet’s nest because mRNA vaccines, including those made by Pfizer/ BioNTech and Moderna, operate in similar ways to the virus to trigger an immune response.
    (3) “Intracellular Reverse Transcription of Pfizer BioNTech COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine BNT162b2 In Vitro in Human Liver Cell Line” (Markus Aldén et al., 2022.02.25).
    Another solid confirmation that the tipsters knew what they were talking about way before this information went public.
  • As the reader Jeff C pointed out (and I quote verbatim from here on), the tipsters not only said that LINE-1 could facilitate reverse transcription but that the vaxx has a hidden additive that specifically upregulates LINE-1 (point #4). The Markus Aldén et al. paper using the BioNTech vaxx clearly showed a high presence of LINE-1 when the vaxx was added that was not there in the control. So something about the vaxx significantly increases LINE-1 just like the tipster said. The fact that the tipster knew this before any of this was publicly known is pretty impressive. If you look back at the Covid virus reverse transcription study (Jaenisch et al - looked at Covid itself, not the vaxx) they artificially increased LINE-1 in the cells via transfection [“To increase the likelihood of detecting rare integration events, we transfected HEK293T cells with LINE1 expression plasmids prior to infection with SARS-CoV-2“]. That was a key criticism of the study in that it wasn't a real world case. This is in stark contrast to the vaxx study where LINE-1 increased solely due to the vaxx itself. Wasn’t that the role of one of the “highly sensitive trade secret adjuvants being added“, as hinted by the tipster?
  • In Oct. 2021, a former Pfizer quality control manager and a whistleblower, Melissa Strickler, spilled beans on the unusual manufacturing prossess at the Pfizer Covid-19 vaccine plant in a series of interviews. Pfizer’s processes for its “vaccine” are strangely deviating from usual norms. The compounding room has no idea what are the components they are mixing into the “product”. This secrecy about what goes into the vials is unprecedented. Furthermore, the vaccine manufacturers are not controlled by any independent bodies as to the quality control, the vials being shipped directly to the vaccine administration locations. This lends credence to the assertion that the mRNA vaccines may contain undisclosed constituents.
  • The leak of EMA-Pfizer correspondence in Nov.-Dec. 2020, when EMA was working on Pfizer’s vaccine authorization, revealed that EMA was concerned that the mRNA in the vaccine vials contains only 55% of the intended S spike code, the rest being “truncated species” blamed on the faults in the manufacturing process. Pfizer placated these concerns by pushing the S spike code proportion up to 75%, at least for the time being. After that, EMA stopped looking and declared the jabs kosher. More on this in my post “Zeroing in on Gifts from “Science” to Humanity“ from Nov. 2021. So, another score for the tipsters - the jabs do contain some exogenous mRNA code that no one analyses or scrutinizes.
  • If that is not enough, BigPharma, in collaboration with WHO and NIH, has a long tradition of adding undisclosed ingredients harming female fertility into the vaccines going all the way back to 1970s:
    2017:HCG Found in WHO Tetanus Vaccine in Kenya Raises Concern in the Developing World“. “Baby-Killing Vaccine: Is It Being Stealth Tested?“: “During the early 1990s, the World Health Organization (WHO) has been overseeing massive vaccination campaigns against tetanus in a number of countries, among them Nicaragua, Mexico, and the Philippines. In October 1994, Human Life International (HLI) received a communication from its Mexican affiliate, the Comite Pro Vida de Mexico, regarding that country's anti-tetanus campaign. Suspicious of the campaign protocols, the Comite obtained several vials of the vaccine and had them analyzed by chemists. Some of the vials were found to contain human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), a naturally occurring hormone essential for maintaining a pregnancy. Here are the known facts concerning the tetanus vaccination campaigns in Mexico and the Philippines:
    - Only women are vaccinated, and only the women between the ages of 15 and 45. (In Nicaragua the age range was 12-49).
    - Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) hormone has been found in the vaccines.
    - The vaccination protocols call for multiple injections-three within three months and a total of five altogether. But, since tetanus vaccinations provide protection for ten years or more, why are multiple inoculations called for?
    Allied with the WHO in the development of an anti-fertility vaccine (AFV) using hCG with tetanus and other carriers have been UNFPA, the UN Development Programme (UNDP), the World Bank, the Population Council, the Rockefeller Foundation, the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, and a number of universities, including Uppsala, Helsinki, and Ohio State.[5] The U.S. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (part of NIH) was the supplier of the hCG hormone in some of the AFV experiments.

    Again, a corroboration of the thrust of the allegations by the Moderna insiders.
  • The strange, irrational drive to vacinate every last person on Earth, especially chidren and pregrant women, with the untested and clearly dangerous injections is another huge red flag as to the true goals of the Covid-19 vaccination of the world population. Especially that the population control has been a holy grail for the eugenicist cabal since the 19th century, and in the form of vaccines, no less. Read my post “Going for Jugular Take 2 - All Ducks in Row“ (Dec. 2021) for complete, more or less, disclosure.
  • The new plant-based Canada-made non-mRNA vaccine still contains LNP material in them, for some inexplicable reason. Or should we suspect that it will also contain fertility-harming mRNA?
So, lots of indirect evidence that the Moderna insiders are trustworthy and that their whistle blowing deserves all the attention it can garner. In the form of vial analysis and vaccinee testing, for starters.

In the meantime, this post should serve as a fair warning and one of the elements on which to base your informed decision as to whether to accept any vaccine in 2022 and going onward. Or any injection, for that matter, from your caring health authorities and governments.
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Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
Another one from Profit of Doom. It looks like a follow up request to the article I posted a few days ago for PoD




(fair use applies)

Steve Kirsch: Germ Line Mutation Allegations Easy to Test
Potentially Explosive Findings if True
Igor Chudov

17 hr ago

This is an open letter to Steve Kirsch that is a result of discussions between me and Andreas Oehler and some of our substack contributors.

Steve, in light of the recent discussions of mRNA vaccines reverse transcribing into DNA, our readers pointed us at an unsigned and anonymous 4chan post from the year of 2020 (!) making several allegations. It is shown below:



The short of this (and you need to read the above image) is that this post alleged that mRNA vaccine, from Moderna specifically but also allegedly Pfizer, is designed for, and has secret ingredients, to modify the “germ line”, that is, female eggs and sperm, such that children born to vaccinated parents have certain genetic damage (see below).

Ordinarily, such anonymous and unsourced allegations would not deserve any attention, except
  • This was actually well written using proper trade jargon
  • This was written in 2020 BEFORE anything became known about dangers of mRNA vaccines and the terms used were not on the radar
  • Many allegations of this post actually check out. Specifically, LINE-1 reverse transcriptase interacts with vaccines, and DNA reverse transcription does convert mRNA into DNA in human cells, and Pfizer’s whistleblower specifically mentioned mysterious “manual steps” (per Andreas post above).
  • This stuff is very hard to make up without knowing
  • This somewhat explains otherwise-irrational and maniacal drive to vaccinate as many young people as possible regardless of their convalescent status or need/benefits
Several hard-to-make-up allegations from the post have been already verified by Andreas Oehler and me.
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Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
(fair use applies)

D.C. mayor offering 10 free child-sized KN95 respirators per resident
Mayor Muriel Bowser seeks to prolong habit of mask-wearing among children, even though the CDC warns that respirators have "not been tested for broad use in children."
Greg Piper
March 2, 2022 - 9:11pm

The mayor is trying to prolong the habit of mask-wearing among children apart from mandates, offering 10 free child-sized KN95 respirators per resident starting Wednesday at the city's COVID Centers.

The CDC still warns that respirators have "not been tested for broad use in children" and shouldn't be worn if kids have difficulty breathing, become dizzy or show "other symptoms" while wearing them.

Both the feds and American Medical Association have warned that 60% of KN95s evaluated by the National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health in 2020 and 2021 didn't work correctly, with the AMA calling them "counterfeit." D.C.'s American University and Georgetown University both admitted distributing improper KN95s last month.

Bowser has not always followed her own masking rules. Over the span of less than 24 hours last summer, during which she reinstated the mask mandate, the mayor partied maskless with comedian Dave Chapelle for her birthday and officiated an indoor wedding barefaced.
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Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
(fair use applies)

Kate Brown ends Vaccine Mandate for Oregon…
Posted by Kane on March 3, 2022 1:32 am

Kate Brown will rescind an order that has required nearly 40,000 state employees to be fully vaccinated against COVID, explaining that “extraordinary emergency” orders are no longer necessary as “we learn to live with this virus.”

That means newly hired executive branch employees won’t need to get vaccinated, existing executive branch employees won’t need to stay up to date on their vaccinations with boosters and the tiny portion of these employees who were fired for non-compliance might be eligible to reapply for their old jobs once again.

Mask Mandate will also be lifted.

View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8MBiTzmgIg
Indoor mask mandate will be lifted March 12 in Oregon, Washington
3min 13sec
 

Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=58IhKxBQQpw

Tim Spector, metallic taste after vaccination
26min 58sec
Mar 2, 2022
Dr. John Campbell

Fascinating discussion on metallic taste after vaccination, the progression of the pandemic into endemicity and an exciting new data collection project which I am hoping will help me to slim down a size or two. For the ZOE website visit: https://covid.joinzoe.com/ The app is available to download from: https://api.covidradar.org/launch/ Join our newsletter to get the latest updates on ZOE's discoveries, from COVID to gut health, direct to your inbox by signing up here: http://eepurl.com/hlUh-L Tim's book Spoon Fed can be purchased online or from any book shop: https://www.amazon.co.uk/Spoon-Fed-al... Professor Spector latest update video, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Miciq... Zoe, YT channel, https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCa09... Zoe, symptom study, https://covid.joinzoe.com Zoe study, Discover how your body reacts to food https://joinzoe.com
 

Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
(fair use applies)

Data Analysis Tool From Yale Uncovers Important COVID-19 Clues
By Yale University March 2, 2022

A new data analysis tool developed by Yale researchers has revealed the specific immune cell types associated with increased risk of death from COVID-19, they reported on February 28, 2022, in the journal Nature Biotechnology.

Immune system cells such as T cells and antibody-producing B cells are known to provide broad protection against pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. And large-scale data analyses of millions of cells have given scientists a broad overview of the immune system response to this particular virus. However, they have also found that some immune cell responses — including by cell types that are usually protective — can occasionally trigger deadly inflammation and death in patients.

Other data analysis tools that allow for examination down to the level of single cells have given scientists some clues about culprits in severe COVID cases. But such focused views often lack the context of particular cell groupings that might cause better or poorer outcomes.

The Multiscale PHATE tool, a machine learning tool developed at Yale, allows researchers to pass through all resolutions of data, from millions of cells to a single cell, within minutes. The technology builds on an algorithm called PHATE, created in the lab of Smita Krishnaswamy, associate professor of genetics and computer science, which overcomes many of the shortcomings of existing data visualization tools.

“Machine learning algorithms typically focus on a single resolution view of the data, ignoring information that can be found in other more focused views,” said Manik Kuchroo, a doctoral candidate at Yale School of Medicine who helped develop the technology and is co-lead author of the paper. “For this reason, we created Multiscale PHATE which allows users to zoom in and focus on specific subsets of their data to perform more detailed analysis.”

Kuchroo, who works in Krishnaswamy’s lab, used the new tool to analyze 55 million blood cells taken from 163 patients admitted to Yale New Haven Hospital with severe cases of COVID-19. Looking broadly, they found that high levels T cells seem to be protective against poor outcomes while high levels of two white blood cell types known as granulocytes and monocytes were associated with higher levels of mortality.

However, when the researchers drilled down to a more granular level they discovered that TH17, a helper T cell, was also associated with higher mortality when clustered with the immune system cells IL-17 and IFNG.

By measuring quantities of these cells in the blood, they could predict whether the patient lived or died with 83% accuracy, the researchers report.

“We were able to rank order risk factors of mortality to show which are the most dangerous,” Krishnaswamy said.

In theory, the new data analytical tool could be used to fine tune risk assessment in a host of diseases, she said.

Reference: “Multiscale PHATE identifies multimodal signatures of COVID-19” by Manik Kuchroo, Jessie Huang, Patrick Wong, Jean-Christophe Grenier, Dennis Shung, Alexander Tong, Carolina Lucas, Jon Klein, Daniel B. Burkhardt, Scott Gigante, Abhinav Godavarthi, Bastian Rieck, Benjamin Israelow, Michael Simonov, Tianyang Mao, Ji Eun Oh, Julio Silva, Takehiro Takahashi, Camila D. Odio, Arnau Casanovas-Massana, John Fournier, Yale IMPACT Team, Shelli Farhadian, Charles S. Dela Cruz, Albert I. Ko, Matthew J. Hirn, F. Perry Wilson, Julie G. Hussin, Guy Wolf, Akiko Iwasaki and Smita Krishnaswamy, 28 February 2022, Nature Biotechnology.
DOI: 10.1038/s41587-021-01186-x

Jessie Huang in the Yale Department of Computer Science and Patrick Wong in the Department of Immunobiology are co-lead authors of the paper. Akiko Iwasaki, the Waldemar Von Zedtwitz Professor of Immunobiology, is co-corresponding author.
 

Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
(fair use applies)

Social Vulnerability: ZIP Codes Matter When It Comes to Severe COVID-19
Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan
March 2, 2022

Patients from more socially vulnerable areas were sicker when they got to hospitals, but did just as well by the time they left – suggesting the importance of early and equal access to care.

COVID-19 has sent nearly 900,000 Americans to the hospital in the past two years. A new study shows that the ZIP codes they came from had a lot to do with how sick they were when they got to the hospital, and how much care they needed once they were there.

But those differences disappeared by the time their stays were done — whether they left the hospital alive or dead.

The new findings, published in the Annals of Internal Medicine, show the importance of social and economic inequality in the way the pandemic is playing out — including how early in their illness people seek or get access to care.

Even after the researchers took into account the underlying health of each person they studied, the social vulnerability index, or SVI, of their home ZIP code still made a difference. SVI combines multiple factors to create a score based on such things as a local area’s average income, education level and household density to the percentage of households led by single parents, or where English is not the primary language.

The findings could help policymakers target less-privileged areas with more services to prevent and respond to COVID-19 cases; SVI has already been used by the state of Michigan, and other states, to prioritize COVID vaccination outreach.

The study also shows the role of hospitals in equalizing outcomes for people from unequal backgrounds.

The research team behind the study, from the University of Michigan and the University of Colorado, used data from more than 2,300 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in 38 hospitals across Michigan from March to December of 2020.

People who lived in the most underprivileged ZIP codes were more likely to have severe symptoms such as low blood oxygen levels when admitted, and to need support for failing lungs and other organs through technologies such as ventilators and dialysis once they were in a hospital bed.

But they were no more likely to die than those from more-privileged areas, and no less likely to go back to their own homes instead of a nursing home.

“Outcomes at hospital discharge appear equitable for these patients, but the question is, what leads to the initial disparities in seriousness of illness that they arrive with?” said Renuka Tipirneni, M.D., M.S., lead author of the new study and an assistant professor of internal medicine at Michigan Medicine, U-M’s academic medical center. “Are people not getting access to testing or treatment early in their illness? Are there other individual patient-level social risks such as ongoing difficulties with transportation, housing, or sick leave at work? Did they delay seeking care because of lack of access?”

Tipirneni and her colleagues, including Vineet Chopra, M.D., M.Sc., Robert W. Schrier Chair of Medicine and professor of medicine at the University of Colorado School of Medicine, used data from a statewide database called Mi-COVID19. Funded by Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan through its Collaborative Quality Initiative effort, it pools anonymous data on people hospitalized with COVID-19.

The study follows on work that Tipirneni and colleagues published just over a year ago, showing SVI at the county level had much to do with COVID-19 case rates and death rates. But the new analysis of individual patient data and ZIP code-level SVI is much more indicative of the hyper-local conditions that can shape a person’s access to and use of care.

“Once they’re getting that care, there are equal outcomes, which is encouraging,” said Tipirneni. “This analysis zooms in on individual patients, and zooms out on what’s influencing their outcomes in their neighborhood.”

She notes that more disadvantaged (higher SVI) areas are found across the state and nation, from very rural areas to the centers of cities. In fact, anyone can use this CDC tool to find the SVI of any ZIP code – the numbers range from 0 (lowest level of social vulnerability) to 1 (highest level).

In the new study, the researchers divided SVI into four quartiles, and looked at difference in percentages of patients who experienced each type of severe symptom, treatment option and outcome by quartile. Differences of several percentage points emerged for most measures, even after factoring out individual patients’ underlying health status.

One of the things that policymakers, public health authorities and health systems might want to focus on as a result of the new study is how they make information available to people about when and how they should seek care for worsening COVID-19 symptoms, and when to prioritize seeking that care over anything else.

Making information available in multiple languages, and ensuring that outpatient treatment and transportation to appointments are available during the times people need it no matter what their schedule, are two specific things that could make a difference.

High, or worse, SVI has also been shown to correlate with low COVID-19 vaccination rates, so once data from 2021 are available through Mi-COVID19, the team will look at how care and outcomes for people with severe COVID-19 changed once vaccines were available.

The team is also using the Social Determinants of Health tool created by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality to explore how other factors not included in the standard SVI measure interact with COVID-19 risks and outcomes.

Reference: “Contribution of Individual- and Neighborhood-Level Social, Demographic, and Health Factors to COVID-19 Hospitalization Outcomes” by Renuka Tipirneni, MD, MSc, Monita Karmakar, PhD, MS, Megan O’Malley, PhD, Hallie C. Prescott, MD, MSc and Vineet Chopra, MD, MSc, 22 February 2022, Annals of Internal Medicine.
DOI: 10.7326/M21-2615

In addition to Tipirneni and Chopra, the study’s authors are Monita Karmakar, Ph.D., M.S., Megan O’Malley, Ph.D., and Hallie C. Prescott, M.D., M.Sc. Tipirneni and Prescott are current members of the U-M Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, to which Chopra also belonged while at U-M before becoming chair of medicine at the University of Colorado.

Several CQIs were involved in data collection and analysis, including the Michigan Hospital Medicine Safety Collaborative, the Michigan Value Collaborative, the Michigan Arthroplasty Registry Collaborative Quality Initiative, and Michigan Social Health Interventions to Eliminate Disparities
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Heliobas Disciple

TB Fanatic
(fair use applies)


COVID-19 restrictions linked to nearly 750,000 fewer dengue cases in 2020
by London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
March 2, 2022

Nearly three quarters of a million fewer global cases of dengue occurred in 2020, which could be linked to COVID-19 disruptions limiting human mobility and contact, according to a new study published in Lancet Infectious Diseases.

Researchers from the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Beijing Normal University and other international partners, funded by the Medical Research Council, analyzed the monthly dengue cases from the World Health Organization (WHO) Weekly reports between 2014 to 2020 from 23 countries—16 in Latin America and seven in South East Asia, the main regions where dengue is endemic, as well as climate data on air temperature, relative humidity and precipitation.

They found a strong association between school closures and declines in non-residential trips, such as shopping or using public transport, due to COVID-19 and reduced risk of dengue transmission. This indicates that places such as schools and commonly visited public areas could be dengue transmission hot spots and play a key role in spreading the disease.

Further research is needed into how human movement behaviors (the places people visit, how long they spend there and with whom) impact dengue transmission risk. This could help decision makers decide if measures like contact tracing, testing or quarantine could help control the spread of the disease.

Dr. Oliver Brady, Associate Professor and MRC Fellow at LSHTM and study senior author, said: "Currently dengue control efforts are focused on or around the households of people who get sick. We now know that, in some countries, we should also be focusing measures on the locations they recently visited to reduce dengue transmission. For all the harm it has caused, this pandemic has given us an opportunity to inform new interventions and targeting strategies to prevent dengue."

Dengue is a viral infection transmitted by the Aedes species of mosquitoes, which causes flu-like symptoms. It is found in tropical and sub-tropical climates worldwide, and is most common in urban areas.

It is one of the only infectious diseases to show a sustained increase in cases each year, and the WHO now estimates that around half the world's population is at risk of contracting dengue.

Transmission is closely linked to the weather, surrounding environment and human mobility. It is also closely associated with the climate, with hot and humid tropical climates ideal for transmission. Dengue season in many countries occurs around June to September, when peaks in cases can cause overcrowding in hospitals—much like with COVID-19.

Dengue is only spread from mosquito to human and vice versa, and is not transmitted from humans to other humans. However, changes in people's movements and behavior may have an effect on transmission, for example through reduced exposure to mosquitoes or fewer opportunities for infected people to go out and about and pass on the virus to uninfected mosquitoes present there. COVID-19 and the restrictions on human movement that were imposed during the pandemic therefore provide a unique opportunity to explore how human movement and behavior contribute to dengue transmission.

Dengue case numbers suddenly began to decline in April 2020 in many countries, following the introduction of public health and social measures targeting the spread of COVID-19 and the resulting change in human movement and shift to more time spent in residential places. In 2020, dengue cases decreased by 40.2% in Latin America and 58.4% in South East Asia, with just over two million cases recorded in the Americas and South East Asia in 2020.

However, unraveling the impacts of COVID-19 disruption is complex as 2019 saw the largest global dengue outbreak in history, with more than 5.2 million cases recorded in the Americas and South East Asia region. This led to high levels of immunity which would also be expected to reduce dengue cases in 2020.

Dr. Brady added: "Before this study, we didn't know whether COVID-19 disruption could increase or decrease the global burden of dengue. While we could assume reduction in human movement would reduce the virus transmission, it would also disrupt the mosquito control measures already in place. This disruption may result in long-term impacts on dengue cases which might not be evident until the next epidemic."

The research team looked at two different measures of COVID-19 related disruption—public health and social measures, such as school and public transport closure, stay-at-home requirements, gathering restrictions; and human movement behavior through time spent at residential and public locations. They also accounted for the different strengths of restrictions in lockdowns in different countries around the world.

By combining all this data and analyzing trends, they were able to show that reduced time spent in public areas was closely associated with reduced dengue risk.

Nine out of 11 countries in Central America, the Caribbean and the Philippines saw a complete suppression of their 2020 dengue season, with other countries experiencing a much reduced season. In countries where the COVID-19 restriction measures began at the peak of dengue season, there was a sharper than expected decline in cases, despite above average incidence being recorded earlier in the year.

This decrease in cases could also be attributed to reduced rates in people seeking treatment, a higher potential for misdiagnosis and reduced availability for laboratory testing for dengue could result in misdiagnosis. However, some countries such as Sri Lanka predicted this could be a problem at the start of the pandemic, so undertook outreach work to encourage people to get diagnosed and seek treatment. Despite this, there was no change in rates of severe cases and deaths reported, suggesting the reduction in treatment seeking was not the cause for the reduction in cases.

A better understanding of how treatment-seeking behaviors change during an epidemic is needed, as access to care and rapid diagnostics change in order to fully assess and interpret the change in case numbers. The team emphasizes the need for longer term, more routine measurement of the prevalence of dengue within each population.

Although overall cases declined in 2020, Peru and Singapore reported worse than average dengue incidence in 2020. This could have occurred due to the unpredictable natural year-to-year variation in dengue incidence that occurs due to, for example, the emergence of different dengue virus variants, or could hint at the greater role being bitten by mosquitoes at home plays in spreading dengue in these countries.

As the climate recorded in 2020 was similar to the average climate of the last six years, the researchers did not find an association between climate and the reduction in dengue risk during 2020.

The researchers note that it remains to be seen how many of the estimated 0.72 million cases were truly averted, or just delayed until later years as human movement returns to pre-COVID levels and say it's key to continue monitoring dengue trends in 2022 and beyond.

The researchers acknowledge the limitations of this study, including lack of data on the different types of dengue, which can drive outbreaks, and the potential changes in dengue reporting resulting from COVID-19 disruptions.


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Is the COVID-19 pandemic affecting dengue virus case numbers?
 

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Having assets may protect people from persistent depression during COVID: study
by Boston University
March 2, 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on mental health, contributing to an increase in persistent and elevated depression across the United States. But individuals with high assets may be shielded from the burden of persistent depression, according to a new study by Boston University School of Public Health (BUSPH).

Published in the journal Science Advances, the study found that 1 in 5 adults experienced persistent depression, both at the start of the pandemic in March and April 2020 and one year later, but those who had access to more physical, social, or financial assets—particularly higher incomes and more savings—were less likely to experience sustained depressive symptoms.

The findings also showed that job loss, financial difficulties, or relationship problems were important predictors of depression in the first year of the pandemic.

The study is the first of its kind to examine the association of assets and persistent depression across the US during the first 12 months of the pandemic.

"We have been observing particularly high rates of depressions since the beginning of COVID that have persisted throughout the first year of COVID," says study lead author Catherine Ettman, executive director of strategy and planning at BUSPH. "This suggests a substantial burden of poor mental health in the population that is persistent, particularly among those who have fewer assets."

For the study, Ettman and colleagues analyzed longitudinal survey data on depression prevalence, assets, and stressors among a nationally representative sample of US adults ages 18 and over. Approximately 25 percent of women reported symptoms of persistent depression at the beginning and end of the first year of COVID-19, compared to 15 percent of men, and adults ages 18 to 39 experienced persistent depression more than any other adult age group during this time period.

Persistent depression was highest among people in low-income households and those with fewer savings.

When adjusting for demographics, people with a household income under $20,000 were more likely to experience persistent depression than those with household incomes of $75,000 or more. Similarly, people with fewer than $5,000 in savings were more likely to experience sustained depression than those with savings of $5,000 or more. Among social assets, people who earned only a high school degree were more likely to experience depression than those who earned a college degree or more, and those who were not married were more likely to experience depression those who were married.

Notably, the researchers found that these assets did not prevent people from experiencing persistent depression after the first year of the pandemic if they still struggled with job loss, financial difficulties, or relationship issues. But absent of these stressors, having assets substantially reduced the likelihood of an individual experiencing persistent depression in March or April 2021.

"These findings show that mental illness is one of the consequences of the pandemic, and one that will stay with us for years to come," Ettman says.

Identifying ways to bolster financial assets and reduce stressors among people experiencing mental health challenges will be critical beyond the pandemic, says Dr. Sandro Galea, BUSPH dean and Robert A. Knox professor.

"It will be important to make sure that we have the resources available to help people with depression in the long-term after COVID-19, particularly those who already have fewer economic assets to protect themselves from the mental health consequences of the pandemic," Galea says.

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Depression rates tripled and symptoms intensified during first year of COVID-19
 

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WHO recommends antiviral drug for patients with non-severe COVID-19 at highest risk of hospital admission
by British Medical Journal
March 2, 2022

The antiviral drug molnupiravir is conditionally recommended for patients with non-severe COVID-19 who are at highest risk of hospitalization, says a WHO Guideline Development Group of international experts in The BMJ today.


Patients who are at highest risk of hospitalization typically include those who are unvaccinated, older people, and those with weak immune systems or chronic diseases.

However, the panel says that young and healthy patients, including children, and pregnant and breastfeeding women should not be given the drug due to potential harms.

Molnupiravir is an antiviral medicine that works by stopping coronavirus from growing and spreading. Used as early as possible after infection, it can help prevent more severe symptoms developing.

Today's recommendation is based on new data from six randomized controlled trials involving 4,796 patients. This is the largest dataset on this drug so far.

Moderate certainty evidence from these trials suggests that molnupiravir reduces the risk of hospital admission (43 fewer admissions per 1,000 patients at highest risk) and time to symptom resolution (average 3.4 fewer days), while low certainty evidence suggests a small effect on mortality (6 fewer deaths per 1,000 patients).

The panel describes mitigation strategies needed at the population level, including pharmacovigilance and antiviral resistance monitoring, given concerns about genotoxicity (damage to a cell's genetic information causing mutations), emergence of resistance and new variants.

They make no recommendation for patients with severe or critical illness as there are no trial data on molnupiravir for this population.

And they acknowledge that cost and availability issues associated with molnupiravir may make access to low and middle income countries challenging and exacerbate health inequity.

In the same guideline update, the panel recommends a treatment combining two antibodies (casirivimab and imdevimab) to be used in people who are confirmed not to have the omicron variant, as new evidence demonstrates a lack of effectiveness against the omicron variant.

Today's recommendations are part of a living guideline, developed by the World Health Organization with the methodological support of MAGIC Evidence Ecosystem Foundation, to provide trustworthy guidance on the management of COVID-19 and help doctors make better decisions with their patients.

Living guidelines are useful in fast moving research areas like COVID-19 because they allow researchers to update previously vetted and peer reviewed evidence summaries as new information becomes available.

Today's guidance adds to previous recommendations for the use of Baricitinib, interleukin-6 receptor blockers and systemic corticosteroids for patients with severe or critical COVID-19; for the use of sotrovimab for patients with non-severe COVID-19 and against the use of convalescent plasma, ivermectin and hydroxychloroquine in patients with COVID-19 regardless of disease severity.

The recommendation for remdesivir is undergoing review due to new trial data. Recommendations for fluvoxamine and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir are currently in preparation.


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WHO recommends two new drugs to treat patients with COVID-19
 

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Did COVID-19 make tinnitus, 'ringing' in the ears, worse?
by Florida Atlantic University
March 2, 2022

Tinnitus, most often described as "ringing" in the ears even though no external sound is present, also can be perceived as humming, hissing, buzzing or roaring sounds. According to the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), more than 50 million Americans experience some form of tinnitus—2 million have extreme and debilitating cases. Worldwide, about 30 percent of people will experience tinnitus at some point in their life.

Many individuals impacted by COVID-19 experienced changes in their sense of smell, taste, hearing, balance and in some cases, tinnitus. Among the various causes of tinnitus is stress, including tension, anxiety and depression. What's unclear, however, is whether the psychological impacts of the pandemic such as stress actually worsened tinnitus and its impacts.

Researchers from Florida Atlantic University, the Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust in the United Kingdom, and the University of Cambridge conducted a study that focused on the potential indirect effects of COVID-19 on the experience of tinnitus. They assessed whether the severity of tinnitus, as measured using ratings of tinnitus loudness, annoyance, and effect on life, was influenced by the lockdown related to pandemic. Although COVID-19 upended so many aspects of society, there is some good news—at least as it relates to tinnitus.

For the study, researchers compared two independent groups of new patients; one group assessed during three months of lockdown in the United Kingdom and one group assessed during the same period in the preceding year. They examined patients' pure-tone audiometry, and their score on visual analog scale (VAS) of tinnitus loudness, annoyance, and effect on life, which were imported from their records. Researchers compared VAS ratings from both groups. All patients were seeking help for their tinnitus for the first time.

Results of the study, published in the Journal of the American Academy of Audiology, do not support the idea that the pandemic led to a worsening of tinnitus loudness, annoyance, or impact on life and the mean scores did not differ significantly for the groups seen prior to and during lockdown. Any changes in psychological well-being or stress produced by the lockdown did not significantly affect ratings of the severity of tinnitus.

"People experienced various types of adversities during the pandemic, including loss of income, difficulty in obtaining services, experience of the virus itself, and the impact of constant bad news and social distancing," said Ali Danesh, Ph.D., co-author, professor, Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders/Communication Disorders Clinic within FAU's College of Education, a member of FAU's Stiles-Nicholson Brain Institute and FAU's Institute for Human Health and Disease Intervention, professor of biomedical sciences, FAU Schmidt College of Medicine, and an affiliate faculty, Department of Psychology, FAU Charles E. Schmidt College of Science. "It's possible that pandemic related factors exacerbate the experience of tinnitus, as tinnitus is linked to general anxiety and psychological well-being. On the other hand, perhaps the effect of COVID-19 on everyday life made individuals with tinnitus realize that there are more important things than tinnitus, putting it into perspective and leading to a decrease of the impact of tinnitus that counteracted any effect of increased anxiety and decreased well-being."

Several studies on tinnitus reported sleep-related problems, poor mental health, and suicidal ideations as consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated social isolation and economic uncertainties.

"It is questionable whether people are able to judge reliably whether their tinnitus itself has changed or whether their tinnitus-related symptoms such as sleep disturbances or anxiety have changed," said Hashir Aazh, Ph.D., affiliate associate professor at FAU and Honorary Hearing Research Consultant, Department of Audiology, Royal Surrey County Hospital. "Prior studies of the indirect effects of COVID-19 on the experience of tinnitus have used different methodologies, which may have led to biases."

The current study avoided potential biases by comparing self-reported tinnitus severity between new patients seen during lockdown and another group of patients seen during the same time frame, preceding lockdown.

"If a given respondent felt that their tinnitus was worse during the pandemic than before the pandemic, how could they determine whether this was due to lifestyle changes, health concerns, or social distancing?" said Danesh. "Visual analog scale scores for tinnitus loudness, annoyance, and impact on life did not differ significantly between new patients seen prior to and during lockdown. This may indicate that tinnitus can influence anxiety and well-being, but there is not an effect in the opposite direction."

The retrospective study examined data for 105 consecutive patients who were seen at a tinnitus clinic in an audiology department in the United Kingdom during lockdown and 123 patients seen in the same period of the previous year. The average age of the patients seen during the lockdown was 50 years, while the average age of the patients seen in 2019 was 56 years. The two groups were reasonably well matched in age, gender, and severity of hearing loss.


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Constant tinnitus is linked to altered brain activity
 

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CDC No Longer Recommends Universal Contact Tracing, Case Investigation
By Bill Pan
March 2, 2022 Updated: March 2, 2022

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is no longer recommending universal COVID-19 case investigation and contact tracing, instead saying health departments should focus those efforts on specific high-risk settings.

The Feb. 28 update to the CDC guidance comes nearly two years after Robert Redfield, the agency’s previous director, told Congress that the United States needed as many as 100,000 people working as contact tracers to track the spread of the CCP (Chinese Communist Party) virus, which causes COVID-19.

According to CDC, a contact tracer was expected to quickly locate and speak with individuals who tested positive for the virus, find out who they have recently been in close contact with, and then notify those people about their exposure and encourage them to enter a 14-day quarantine to prevent further transmission.

The CDC now advises that state and local health departments should concentrate on “high-risk congregate settings,” such as long-term care facilities, jails and prisons, and homeless shelters. The updated guidance also states that case investigations should focus on cases and close contacts with exposures in the previous five days for those settings and groups at increased risk, such as those with underlying health conditions, pregnant women, and older adults.

“The updated guidance is in response to changes in the nature of the pandemic and the increasing availability of new tools to prevent transmission and mitigate illness,” CDC spokesperson Kristen Nordlund said on March 1, The New York Times reported.

The latest CDC data shows that the Omicron variant of the CCP virus has become the dominant strain in the United States, accounting for more than 95 percent of new infections for the week following the Presidents’ Day holiday. Compared with other variants, Omicron spreads more easily and generally causes less severe COVID-19 symptoms.

Recent studies also suggest that Omicron may have an average incubation period of three days, shorter than any other variant. The incubation period is the amount of time between when someone is exposed to a virus and when symptoms begin to emerge.

A paper published in December 2021 on Eurosurveillance, the scientific journal of the European CDC, describes an Omicron outbreak involving 80 attendees of a restaurant party in Norway. Most of those individuals were vaccinated and had received a negative antigen test result within two days before attending the event.

Symptoms such as fever started to show about three days after the party. Researchers said this could indicate that Omicron is able to multiply so quickly that negative antigen test results become meaningless.
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marsh

On TB every waking moment
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Pfizer Could Lose Liability Protection and Be Sued if the Deaths Are Proven as Willful .39 min
Pfizer Could Lose Liability Protection and Be Sued if the Deaths Are Proven as Willful (Thomas Renz)
Red Voice Media Published March 3, 2022

Thomas Renz: "I don't know how much more willful you can get than sending the FDA a document that says there's a 3% mortality rate and a huge, huge percentage of people with adverse reactions."

Full Video: Attorney Thomas Renz Responds To Pfizer Admitting The Covid Vaccine Kills People [VIDEO]

^^^^
"I Wanna Know Who's Going to Jail for Murder First" | Pfizer Data Shows Mortality Rate of 3% 1:23 min
"I Wanna Know Who's Going to Jail for Murder First" | Pfizer Data Shows Mortality Rate of 3%
Red Voice Media Published March 3, 2022

Information via Attorney Thomas Renz.

The data Pfizer was forced to release showed a 3% mortality rate for the vaccines, which is 12 times the COVID death rate.

Full Video: Attorney Thomas Renz Responds To Pfizer Admitting The Covid Vaccine Kills People [VIDEO]

^^^^^
Dr. Peter McCullough Raises Alarming News Concerning the Vaccines - "Goes Into the Human Nucleus" 3:40 min
Dr. Peter McCullough Raises Alarming News Concerning the Vaccines - "Goes Into the Human Nucleus"
Red Voice Media Published March 2, 2022

"The genetic code for the spike protein doesn't just stay in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. In fact, it goes into the human nucleus. The belief is that it's a permanent installation into human DNA."

Full Video: https://banned.video/watch?id=621ecc525ca0743e17e5f590

^^^^^
1:22 min
Dr. McCullough: "The Interest in Taking the Vaccine Is at Zero"
Red Voice Media Published March 2, 2022

A report recently came out of the United Kingdom and estimated that 96% of all healthcare workers don't want booster shots.

^^^^^
mRNA Vaccines Have a History of Toxicity—The Only Way to Ram Them Through Trials Was By an Emergency 1:54 min
mRNA Vaccines Have a History of Toxicity—The Only Way to Ram Them Through Trials Was By an Emergency
Red Voice Media Published March 2, 2022

Dr. Stephanie Seneff, Senior Research Scientist at MIT: "93% of the events in VAERS for 2021 are related to COVID-19 vaccines."
 

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JUST IN: US Senate Passes Resolution to End Covid-19 National State of Emergency
By Julian Conradson
Published March 3, 2022 at 10:55pm


On Thursday, Senate Republicans passed a resolution to end the national state of emergency that’s currently in effect under the government’s two-year-old National Emergencies Act (NEA) declaration from the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic.

The measure, which was sponsored by Sen. Roger Marshall (R-KS), was approved in a razor-thin 48-47 party-line vote. Although no senators broke ranks with their respective parties, the Republicans were able to maintain a slight advantage and pass the legislation. Just two GOP Senators – Sens. James Inhofe (Okla.) and Richard Burr (N.C.) – were absent for the vote, compared to three – Sens. Mark Kelly (Ariz.), Dianne Feinstein (Calif.), and Alex Padilla (Calif.) – for the Democrats, which gave the Republicans the majority, despite an evenly split (50-50) chamber.

Sen. Roger Marshall explained the reasoning behind the resolution:
“The American people are worn out and yearning to be free. The robust powers emergency declaration provides the federal government are no longer necessary, and Congress must debate and ultimately repeal them in order to begin the process of unwinding the powers the government took hold of during the peak of the crisis.”

Unfortunately, the measure is unlikely to make pass the Democrat-controlled US House of Representatives when it is kicked over to them in the coming days, despite growing support among Americans across both aisles to bring an end to pandemic-related restrictions.

Even if it does somehow pull off a miracle and make it past its next hurdle, the Biden Regime has already vowed to veto such a measure if it reaches the Oval Office.

Biden’s Office of Management and Budget statement opposing Sen. Marshall’s measure, from The Hill:
“Continuing to protect against COVID-19 and ensuring that our response remains nimble are top priorities of this Administration. Therefore, the Administration strongly opposes Senate Joint Resolution 38, which would terminate the national emergency declared on March 13, 2020, and unnecessarily and abruptly curtail the ability of the Administration to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic,” the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) said in a statement.
Thursday’s decision comes after the Senate passed another measure introduced by Marshall that revokes Biden’s vaccine mandate for healthcare workers, taking advantage, yet again, of Democrat absences during the vote.
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Internal Memo Shows Biden, CDC Following Poll Numbers, Not Science
In his State of the Union address Tuesday, President Biden parrotted COVID talking points circulated in a memo by the firm that conducted polling for his 2020 presidential campaign. The Feb. 24 memo came out days before Biden’s address and just one day before the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention eased masking restrictions.
By Michael Nevradakis, Ph.D.
03/03/22

An internal memo from a firm that conducted polling for President Biden’s 2020 presidential campaign advises the Democratic Party on how it can present itself as having “defeated” COVID-19.

The content of the Feb. 24 memo, “Taking the Win over COVID-19,” closely matches statements Biden made Tuesday during Tuesday’s State of the Union address.

The two-page memo was distributed to “interested parties” by Impact Research, a public opinion research firm that provides “strategic thoughts for Democrats positioning themselves on COVID-19 after nearly two years of the pandemic.”

The “strategic thoughts” proffered by Impact Research include:
  • Declare the crisis phase of COVID over and push for feeling and acting more normal.
  • Recognize that people are “worn out” and feeling real harm from the years-long restrictions and take their side.
  • Acknowledge COVID still exists and likely will for a long time.
  • Don’t set “COVID zero” as the victory condition.
  • Stop talking about restrictions and the unknown future ahead.
The authors of the memo, Molly Murphy and Bryan Stryker, provided an explanation of the thought process underlying these strategic thoughts while describing efforts against COVID as a “war” – one that is now moving into a new phase:

“After two years that necessitated lockdowns, travel bans, school closures, mask mandates, and nearly a million deaths, nearly every American finally has the tools to protect themselves from this virus. It’s time for Democrats to take credit for ending the COVID crisis phase of the COVID war, point to important victories like vaccine distribution and providing economic stability to Americans, and fully enter the rebuilding phase that comes after any war.”

Acknowledging that shifting public opinion has a tangible political and policy impact, the memo also references the increasing fatigue with and unpopularity of COVID-related mandates among the general public:

“Twice as many voters are now more concerned about COVID’s effect on the economy (49%) than about someone in their family or someone they know becoming infected with the coronavirus (24%).

Two-thirds of parents and 80% of teachers say the pandemic caused learning loss, and voters are overwhelmingly more worried about learning loss than kids getting COVID. Six in ten Americans describe themselves as “worn out” by the pandemic.

“The more we talk about the threat of COVID and onerously restrict people’s lives because of it, the more we turn them against us and show them we’re out of touch with their daily realities.”

Translated, this could be interpreted to mean that harsh COVID mandates — described in the memo as “onerous” — are costing votes for the politicians enforcing them.

As reported Feb. 25 by the political blog Punchbowl News, the memo “has been making the rounds among House and Senate Democratic campaigns and consultants.”

According to Punchbowl News, the pollsters at Impact Research, “certainly have tapped into the mood of Democratic campaign pros, who see disaster in November unless the party figures out a better message on Covid,” adding that “Biden administration sources have told us they plan to talk about turning a corner on Covid during the State of the Union [address], so clearly they share some of these thoughts.”

Biden follows the script

Indeed, Biden’s message Tuesday night closely paralleled the talking points of the Impact Research memo:
“For more than two years, COVID-19 has impacted every decision in our lives and the life of the nation.
“And I know you’re tired, frustrated, and exhausted.
“But I also know this.
“Because of the progress we’ve made, because of your resilience and the tools we have, tonight I can say we are moving forward safely, back to more normal routines.
“We’ve reached a new moment in the fight against COVID-19, with severe cases down to a level not seen since last July.
“Just a few days ago, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention — the CDC — issued new mask guidelines.
“Under these new guidelines, most Americans in most of the country can now be mask-free.
“And based on the projections, more of the country will reach that point across the next couple of weeks.
“Thanks to the progress we have made this past year, COVID-19 need no longer control our lives.
“I know some are talking about “living with COVID-19.” Tonight – I say that we will never just accept living with COVID-19.
“We will continue to combat the virus as we do other diseases. And because this is a virus that mutates and spreads, we will stay on guard.”

When compared with the “strategic thoughts” put forth by Impact Research, it is clear Biden declared the crisis phase of COVID over, recognized people are “worn out,” acknowledged and “COVID still exists and likely will for a long time.”

Biden — whose approval rate has dropped to as low as 38% according to recent polls — also did not, as the memo advised, set “COVID zero” as “the victory condition.”

The Impact Research memo was circulated one day before the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on Feb. 25 eased their mask guidance, and a series of Democratic governors and mayors announced the end of mask and vaccine mandates.

[CONTINUED NEXT POST]
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[CONTINUED]

The U.S. Capitol lifted its own mask mandate just two days prior to the State of the Union address.

Mass media outlets, which for the most part until now vehemently supported such countermeasures, also visibly shifted their position in recent days.

For instance, a CNN medical analyst who had previously compared unvaccinated people to drunk drivers and who strongly favored strict COVID mandates, recently said “the science has changed” and that it is now appropriate to end mask mandates.

Moreover, on the same week, the Impact Research memo circulated, Saturday Night Live, which for the past two years also toed the pro-mandate orthodoxy, openly mocked vaccine and mask mandates and questioned whether they were ever necessary, with such lines as “Do I have to dump my oldest friend just cause he didn’t get … a booster?”

Political commentator Clay Travis, in a tweet, remarked: “[a]mazing how quickly the pivot has happened.”
Here’s SNL’s dinner party skit as left wingers discuss whether masks and vaccines were actually necessary. Amazing how quickly the pivot has happened. pic.twitter.com/gwgWSceYsY
— Clay Travis (@ClayTravis) February 28, 2022
The timing of restrictions being lifted and shifting media opinion, combined with the close parallels between Biden’s speech and the Impact Research memo, raise an important question: Are public health policy decisions being driven by “science” — or by polling and public relations?

Impact Research: a well-connected ‘ally’ that ‘elects candidates’

Impact Research, formerly known as ALG Research, does not hide its political influence. A banner on the firm’s website reads, “proud pollsters for President Joe Biden.”

And the firm describes itself as “a proud ally and asset to progressive causes and campaigns around the globe,” adding, “we elect candidates” and “guide institutional policy.”

The firm’s client list, aside from Biden, includes a who’s who of Democratic party politicians, including Barack Obama, Hillary Clinton, Louisiana Gov. John Bel Edwards, Michigan Gov. Gretchen Whitmer, Nevada Gov. Steve Sisolak, North Carolina Gov. Roy Cooper, former Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid, former Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel and others.

According to The Blaze, Impact Research also conducted polling for organizations such as the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and George Soros’ Open Society Foundations.

Impact Research says it “has beaten more Republican congressional incumbents than any other polling firm in the industry,” “has worked for every Democratic Presidential nominee since 2008,” and continues “to work with the White House and the Biden advocacy group Building Back Together.”

The two pollsters who authored the Feb. 24 memo are themselves prominent within the industry. Molly Murphy, recently named president of Impact Research, was the winner of the 2019 American Association of Political Consultants (AAPC) “Pollster of the Year Award.”

Murphy also serves as a lead advisor for the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee (DCCC) and has worked on the campaigns of Roy Cooper, as well as Reps. Tom O’Halleran (D-Ariz.), Vicente Gonzalez (D-Texas) and Ayanna Pressley (D-Mass.).

Brain Stryker, co-author of the memo, has won the AAPC’s “40 Under 40” award (as has Murphy), and led polling for Michigan Gov. Gretchen Whitmer and for overseas politicians, including Nigerian President Muhammadu Buhari.

Govs. Whitmer and Cooper were, for much of the past two years, at the forefront of imposing COVID-related countermeasures, including lockdowns, mask mandates and vaccine-related mandates.

In recent months, Whitmer has made markedly fewer references to COVID in her public statements — perhaps a reflection of advice from Impact Research in response to polling figures.

Earlier in February, Whitmer dropped the state’s mask mandate, announcing the state was getting “back to normal.”
One day after Whitmer’s announcement, Cooper “encouraged schools and local governments to end their mask mandates” in North Carolina.

‘Weaponizing’ science

The narrative surrounding mask and vaccine mandates — and “following the science” — is rapidly changing among many who previously voiced strong support for those very measures.

Political blog Axios, soon after the Impact Research memo surfaced, wrote, “the idea of ‘following the science’ has oversimplified what’s actually a complex array of factors that policymakers must weigh in formulating a response.”

Axios added:

“Science has been weaponized time and again to justify or defend positions held by both policymakers and public health experts … Science isn’t absolute — data can come with uncertainties and unknowns.”

This is a far cry from the prevailing rhetoric since 2020 instructing the public to “follow the science.”

Biden, on taking office, stated he and his administration would “follow the science” and “listen to the Faucis of the world.”

In another example, British Prime Minister Boris Johnson was quickly forced to abandon his “hands-off’ approach to COVID in March 2020, instead imposing a strict lockdown approximately one week after most other European countries implemented such measures.

This sudden turn came after sharp criticism from the media questioning the government’s “inefficient” response and asking what was taking so long, and the publication of an advice paper by Neil Ferguson of Imperial College, the lead scientist on the UK’s COVID-19 response team.

In other words, public opinion, optics and pressure likely guided governments, such as that of the UK, into imposing restrictions — in much the same way Impact Research is now citing public opinion as a means for Biden and Democratic Party politicians, including state governors, to back off from mandates and other restrictions and declare a “victory” of sorts over COVID.

Such guidance from Impact Research and similar firms may also help explain the coordinated actions of seemingly disparate governments and public health authorities worldwide.

Take Sweden, for example, which bucked the trend and eschewed strict restrictions, never mandating masks or imposing lockdowns. Early on, Sweden’s response was described by TIME magazine as a “disaster” and by Science magazine as “surreal.”

Even the country’s ceremonial royal family — which plays no official role in the country’s politics — characterized Sweden’s strategy as a “failure.”

A Swedish official commission investigating the government’s approach to handling COVID, however, recently found the decision to avoid a lockdown was “justified” and that such measures in other countries were neither “necessary” nor “defensible.”

The report was released during the same week Impact Research distributed its memo.

Further highlighting how suddenly the narrative has changed, Randi Weingarten, president of the American Federation of Teachers (AFT), as recently as Feb. 14 said masking schoolchildren “is absolutely the right way.”

This despite the fact that the poll referenced by Impact Research in its memo — which found 80% of teachers surveyed reported students experienced learning loss — had been publicized in September 2021.

Weingarten was a superdelegate for Hillary Clinton’s 2008 presidential campaign, and in 2021, participated in the Democratic National Committee’s “Build Back Better” bus tour.

As reported recently by The Defender, the AFT recently signed an agreement with “fact-checking” firm NewsGuard to bring learning materials pertaining to such “fact-checking” to the classrooms of the 1.7 million teachers who are members of AFT.

Not all “progressive” media outlets have pivoted to the new poll-driven messaging. Naked Capitalism, for example, could not mask its displeasure with the CDC’s newly relaxed mask guidance, issued one day after the Feb. 24 memo.

Commentators on the “alt-right,” such as Paul Joseph Watson, portrayed the CDC’s about-face as an “I told you so” moment that validated his and others’ long-held position against such restrictions.

For Biden and other politicians that are advised by Impact Research, however, the memo appears to be an effort to spin a situation that — from a political standpoint, has turned against them — into a “win.”

The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of Children's Health Defense.
 

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As COVID mandates end across U.S., lagging military still denying vaccine religious exemptions
Despite recent court decisions, the Air National Guard and Navy are both trying to force their COVID-19 vaccine mandates on service members seeking religious exemptions.
Natalia Mittelstadt
March 3, 2022 - 10:36pm

As COVID-19 mask and vaccine mandates are rescinded across the U.S. — whether under court order or in acquiescence to changing political winds — the Pentagon is counting on a combination of litigation and administrative evasion to maintain its policy of forcing COVID vaccination on religious objectors in the military.

Even New York and some Michigan schools are lifting their mask mandates, while Washington, D.C. is keeping theirs for schools while ending the vaccine and indoor mask mandates. But the Air National Guard is still looking for a way to enforce its COVID vaccine mandate against those filing "religious accommodation requests" (RARs) in pursuit of exemptions.

In an email sent Tuesday to state and wing JAGs, Brig. Gen. Sue Ellen Schuerman (assistant to the general counsel, National Guard Bureau-Air, Washington, D.C.) said the court decision in Air Force Officer v. Austin et al "reiterated the need for individualized assessment of RAR requests."

In that February ruling in favor of an officer whose RAR was denied, the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Georgia granted the first preliminary injunction against the Air Force's vaccine mandate.

Schuerman claimed in her email that in order to provide individualized assessments of religious accommodation requests, a new template is to be used "for providing the facts and analytical discussion needed to give each request appropriate consideration."

CUI ANG Supplemental Commander Endorsement Memorandum 220225.pdf

However, previous RARs that do not already contain this template "will not be returned to states for revisions" but should simply have it added to the RAR packages. This means that decisions made on RARs will not receive additional, more individualized review but simply have the new template attached to them, justifying the prior denials.

The Air National Guard was unable to respond to a request for comment by publishing time.

Military religious freedom attorney Davis Younts told Just the News on Wednesday he found it "frustrating as an Air Force Reservist and a JAG that the Air National Guard's answer to litigation isn't to send the packages back and do it right," but to simply add more information for the denial instead of providing a fresh review.

The Air National Guard's decision to continue with alleged blanket denials of RARs comes as the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals on Monday denied the federal government's motion for a partial stay of the preliminary injunction pending appeal in Navy SEALs 1-26, v. Biden.

2022.02.28_Order Denying Stay 5th Circuit.pdf

The Biden administration sought a partial stay of the preliminary injunction, which prevented the Defense Department "from enforcing certain COVID-19 vaccination requirements against 35 Navy special warfare personnel and prohibited any adverse actions based on their religious accommodation requests," according to the appeals court's decision.

The government argued that "the injunction precludes them from considering Plaintiffs' vaccination statuses 'in making deployment, assignment and other operational decisions,'" the court noted.

In denying the government's request, the appeals court found: "The Navy has granted hundreds of medical exemptions from vaccination requirements, allowing those service members to seek medical waivers and become deployable. But it has not accommodated any religious objection to any vaccine in seven years, preventing those seeking such accommodations from even being considered for medical waivers."

The Defense Department also sought to stay a preliminary injunction in Navy SEAL 1 v. Austin. In that case, Judge Steven Merryday of the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Florida in Tampa had enjoined the military from taking "any adverse action against two Liberty Counsel plaintiffs, a Navy warship commander and a Marine lieutenant colonel, because of their refusal to take COVID-19 shots based on religious beliefs," according to Liberty Counsel press release.

On Tuesday, Merryday denied the Pentagon's request to stay the preliminary injunction, scolding the government's use of the term "refusers" in its motion when referring to the service members seeking religious exemptions.

"The term 'refusers' is a tellingly offensive term that the defendants must employ no further in this court. A RFRA claimant is not a 'refuser,' not an outcast subject to shunning," Merryday wrote.

"A review of the defendants' motion reveals that the defendants persistently and resolutely cling to the belief that their accustomed and unfettered command discretion need not yield — on the narrow and specific question of the free exercise of religion — to the statutory command of RFRA or to an order under RFRA from a district court (actually, at this moment, orders from several district courts and a circuit court of appeals), the forum selected by Congress and enacted in RFRA to resolve a dispute under RFRA (in other words, Congress and the President, not the district court, chose the district court as the proper forum for service members to assert the RFRA claim asserted in this action)," the judge noted.
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Heliobas Disciple

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As demand for COVID-19 vaccines falls, states are left with large stockpiles
States are trying to figure out what to do with doses of the vaccine that are expiring shortly.
Sophie Mann
Updated: March 3, 2022 - 1:44pm

Demand has plummeted for COVID-19 vaccines across the country, leaving many American states with unused stockpiles that must be used before they expire.

Millions have reportedly already gone to waste.

States with highly vaccinated populations and ones with the lowest rates of populations are trying desperately to shuffle around doses to providers in want of them.

Recently, 1.5 million doses in Michigan went to waste, 1.45 million in North Carolina met the same fate, as did 1 million in Iowa and nearly 725,000 in Washington.

Supplies are, at this point, so ample that the CDC is advising doctors to discord doses if it means opening up a multi-dose vial to vaccinate a single person, even if the rest then must be discarded.

Dr. Joseph Bresee, a COVID-19 Vaccine Implementation Program director at the Task Force for Global Health in Decatur, Georgia told the Associated Press, "The issue of some stockpiles in the U.S., Germany and Japan, that are not redistributed to sub-Saharan Africa, it’s less of an acute problem now because vaccine production and distribution is in high-gear right now serving those low-income countries."

The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has also advised that redistribution of vaccine doses to other nations is not possible due to the difficulty of keeping the shots cold while traveling.

At present, the average number of Americans receiving their first shot is down to about 80,000 per day – about 76% of the U.S. population has received at least one shot and roughly 65% oof all Americans are fully vaccinated.

Some states have developed so-called "matchmaker" programs, which help connect vaccine providers with too many doses to providers seeking doses. HHS says it is attempting to order doses prudently, given the drop in demand, but some, including director at the Association of Immunization Managers, Claire Hannan, says expired doses are "a necessary evil," and "just can't be an issue."
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Heliobas Disciple

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Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine converts to DNA inside human liver cells, new study
The Swedish study suggests the vaccine is capable of becoming DNA, which is what the CDC claimed would not happen.
Sophie Mann
March 3, 2022 - 12:57pm

The messenger RNA from Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine reportedly can enter human liver cells and be converted into DNA, contrary to what the CDC has said.

A study by Swedish scientists finds that when the vaccine's mRNA enters human liver cells it triggers a number of reactions that yield a reverse transcription that turns the mRNA into spike DNA, according to the Epoch Times.

The scientists, in their study published in the journal Current Issues of Molecular Biology, state that they have found "evidence that COVID-19 mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 is able to enter the human liver cell line Huh7 in vitro."

They write that BNT162b2 (the Pfizer vaccine), is reverse transcribed inside human liver cells as quickly as six hours after injection.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said that the reverse transcription process is something that would not happen, The Epoch Times also reports.

Under a CDC site page "Myths and Facts about COVID-19 Vaccines," the agency writes, "The genetic material delivered by mRNA vaccines never enters the nucleus of your cells. ... COVID-19 vaccines do not change or interact with your DNA in any way."

Pfizer said only that its vaccine does not alter the human genome.

"Our COVID-19 vaccine does not alter the DNA sequence of a human cell. It only presents the body with the instructions to build immunity," the pharmaceutical giant told the Times.

The Swedish study is the first time that researchers have shown how an mRNA vaccine can transform into DNA.

The CDC has not responded to Just the News queries since Wednesday on whether it finds fault with the research, and if so how, or whether the agency will re-evaluate its public claims in light of the research.
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View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=unaG99XbsKk

Vitamin D, Strong evidence from Israel
24min 04sec
Mar 3, 2022
Dr. John Campbell


that low levels of vitamin D patients do much worse than high levels of vitamin D patients. Vitamin D deficiency prevalence and cardiovascular risk in Israel https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20955... N = 34,874 Vit D levels, women, 22.7 ng mL Vit D levels, men, 23.2 ng mL Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency (vitamin D levels less than 30 ng mL) Women, 77·5%, Men, 79·2% Only little variation when stratified by age Prevalence of deficiency in Israel, similar to less sunny regions Two groups Group with vitamin D less than 15 ng mL Group with vitamin D levels more than 30 ng mL less than 0·031 age-adjusted odds ratios for the presence of, Hypertension Diabetes mellitus Dyslipidemia Obesity Peripheral vascular disease Pre-infection 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels and association with severity of COVID-19 illness https://journals.plos.org/plosone/art... https://www.webmd.com/lung/news/20220... Potential correlation, low vitamin D and increased risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2, and poorer clinical outcomes This study examines Any relationship exists between, pre-infection serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level, With disease severity and mortality due to SARS-CoV-2. April 7th, 2020 and February 4th, 2021 Positive polymerase chain reaction tests for SARS-CoV-2, searched for historical 25(OH)D levels measured 14 to 730 days prior Design Patients admitted were categorized, disease severity and level of 25(OH)D Deficient, less than 20 ng/mL (n = 133) Insufficient, 20 to 30 ng/mL (n = 36) Adequate, 30 to less than 40 ng/mL (n = 30) High-normal, 40 ng/mL or greater (n = 40) Accounted for changes throughout the year Results 1,176 patients admitted 253 had records of a 25(OH)D level prior to infection A lower vitamin D status was more common in patients with the severe or critical disease In patients with severe or critical disease 87.4% had less than 20 ng/mL In patients with mild or moderate disease 34.3% had Less than 20 ng/mL P less than 0.001 Patients with vitamin D deficiency (less than 20 ng/mL) 14 times more likely to have severe or critical disease, Odds ratio 14 (95% confidence interval 4 to 51) p less than 0.001 Mortality, patients with sufficient vitamin D levels 2.3% Mortality, patients with deficient vitamin D levels 25.6% mortality rate (p less than 0.001) Conclusions Among hospitalized COVID-19 patients, pre-infection deficiency of vitamin D was associated with increased disease severity and mortality. Low vitamin D status has been associated with a range of autoimmune, cardiovascular, and infectious diseases Essential immunologic mediator Inhibitory effects on pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha and IL-6 Epidemiological risk factors for vitamin D deficiency Darker skin pigmentation Low sun exposure Skin-covering clothes Sun creams Diet low in fish and dairy products An association between low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and an increased risk of acquiring influenza and respiratory viruses Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials, 2007 and 2020 Vitamin D supplementation reduced the risk of acute respiratory infection as compared with placebos Factors associated with poorer COVID-19 prognoses Geographic location in northern countries Older age Black and minority ethnic groups Obesity Preexisting conditions, diabetes and hypertension these risk factors are also independently associated with vitamin D deficiency Difficult to ascertain a definitive causative effect of baseline vitamin D status on a clinical presentation during active COVID-19 infection A cosinor model, to account for the cycles of serum vitamin D values across the seasons Vitamin D levels below less than 20 ng/mL Israeli Arabs 64.3% Israeli non-Arabs 35.7%
 

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Florida to Allow Doctors to Use Off-Label Drugs for Early Treatment of COVID-19
By Meiling Lee
March 3, 2022

Repurposed drugs that have been shown to prevent or treat COVID-19 may be prescribed by physicians, the Florida Department of Health said in its new COVID-19 guidance for health care practitioners.

The guidance, published on Feb. 24, says that health care practitioners are encouraged to provide early treatment for COVID-19 patients with federally approved generic drugs that they find will work. That’s in addition to the outpatient treatments granted emergency authorization usage (EUA) for people at risk of developing a serious illness.

“When recommending COVID-19 treatment options for patients’ individualized health care needs, physicians should exercise their individual clinical judgment and expertise based on their patient’s needs and preferences,” the guidance states. “These options may include emerging treatments backed by quality evidence, with appropriate patient informed consent, including off-label use or as part of a clinical trial.”

The new guidance is an effort by Republican Gov. Ron DeSantis to offer health care practitioners protection from lawsuits. He said that it’s important for doctors to be able to have access to these drugs.

“We want people to be able to have a right to access these medications, especially if they’re in a situation where nothing else has worked,” DeSantis said in a video announcing the new changes to the COVID-19 guidance.

The guidance also states that doctors can make a report to the Agency for Health Care Administration if their hospital prevents them from treating their patients who wish to try certain medications not recommended by the federal health agencies.

“So now doctors who practice medicine in the way that they think is most appropriate for their patients, when they receive pushback from hospitals, we have an avenue for them to file a complaint with our Agency for Health Care Administration,” said Florida Surgeon General Dr. Joseph Ladapo.

Florida is the first and only state to go against the Centers for Disease and Prevention’s (CDC) recommendation of staying home and only going to the emergency department when symptoms become severe unless the individual is at high risk, then they may be eligible for treatment with an authorized antiviral or monoclonal antibody.

The CDC did not reply to a request by The Epoch Times for comment.

Dr. Pierre Kory, president and co-chief medical chief officer of the Front Line COVID-19 Critical Care (FLCCC) Alliance, claims that many people have died unnecessarily during the pandemic, as COVID-19 is a treatable disease. He also said that it didn’t make sense that the government continues to focus only on pushing the vaccines.

“We know there have been hundreds of thousands of deaths in the U.S. and all for a treatable disease,” Kory said at a panel discussion on COVID-19.

“We have identified effective treatments, for now two years, and those effective treatments that are widely available generic repurposed [drugs], they continue to increase. And yet, we are still trying to vaccinate people with a 2-year-old vaccine against an Omicron variant, which is absolutely absurd,” he added.

As early as March 2020, doctors at FLCCC Alliance developed a COVID-19 treatment protocol for hospitalized patients, later adding the I-MASK+ protocol, using ivermectin as a core medication for the prevention and early treatment of COVID-19 in October 2020.

Kory also alleged that the EUA antiviral drugs for early treatment of COVID-19 are toxic.

“We’re still perpetuating these toxic novel pharmaceutical company concoctions like Paxlovid and molnupiravir. Molnupiravir does not work and Paxlovid is poisonous,” Kory said.

Paxlovid can be fatal when taken with common medications such as blood thinners, statins, and some antidepressants. One component of Paxlovid prevents the breakdown of other drugs leading to an increased level of these drugs causing toxic effects.

There are also concerns that the CCP (Chinese Communist Party) virus that causes COVID-19 may develop resistance to the antiviral drugs because each only attacks one part of the virus instead of multiple fronts like its inexpensive federally approved competitor, ivermectin.

For an antiviral to successfully eliminate the CCP virus, it must target “two key pieces of a virus’s biological machinery, a polymerase and a protease, both of which are essential for viral replication,” according to an article in Nature.

Molnupiravir, developed by Merck and Ridgeback Biotherapeutics, targets only the RNA polymerase, while Pfizer’s Paxlovid just inhibits the virus’s main protease.

For a 5-day treatment course consisting of two pills per day, molnupiravir costs the United States government $530 and $700 for Paxlovid. Whereas ivermectin costs as low as $29.72 and as high as $93.77 for 20 tablets, according to GoodRx.

In a report (pdf) examining the outpatient treatments for COVID-19 from the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER), a drug-pricing research organization, the authors raised concerns about the effectiveness and safety of the drugs due to lack of long-term data.

“While the clinical trials of all four agents [Paxlovid, molunupiravir, the monoclonal antibody treatment sotrovimab, and fluvoxamine that is waiting for a EUA] demonstrate statistically significant benefits of treatment, there remains substantial uncertainty regarding the comparative effectiveness of each drug in the current U.S. landscape,” the authors wrote. “Some of this uncertainty is due to the preliminary nature of the evidence base, which for several drugs include only data that has not yet progressed through peer review.

They added, “As of January 2022, the Phase III RCT [randomized control trial] evidence for sotrovimab is only available as a pre-print (i.e., without peer review) and the evidence for Paxlovid is based on the manufacturer’s press release and the EUA factsheet for health care providers. This lack of data makes it difficult to fully evaluate these drugs.

“Such issues are compounded by each treatment being supported by only one Phase III RCT.”

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued emergency authorization usage for both molnupiravir and Paxlovid in December 2021 and recommends against ivermectin for COVID-19. The drug regulator says the “most effective ways to limit the spread of COVID-19 include getting a COVID-19 vaccine” and “following current CDC guidance.”

Pfizer and Merck did not reply to a request for comment by the time of publishing.
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