That's true. Watching my first Iditarod (at the TV start in Anchorage, admittedly), I was surprised at how small the racing dogs were. When I was expecting to see bigger Huskies or Malamutes, these dogs were more like border collies with greyhound or something in them.
Story time:
"Sled dog teams" didn't become a thing until the Russia fur traders made forts/posts on the Yukon river, Aleutians and gulf of alaska. This was because they would trade "big money" -rifles, ammo, teas, coffee, material goods, metal goods, for FURS. So natives started travelling FAR AND WIDE from their territories to trade with inland natives and become brokers/middlemen/wholesalers of hides. (Edited to add the russians took many natives as slaves, and native families as hostages to FORCE the aleuts and others to "work" for them in the fur trade. Those closes to the waters edge got it worst because the ruskies could only control small forts and areas at a time and never got far inland.- thus the "broker" middle men, some of whom were surely free and doing it for enterprise.) To do this they needed to harness TEAMS of their big malemute-style working dogs. Northern native dogs remained closely resembling wolves,
PRIOR to Russian contact these dogs were used in as litterla PACK animals with baggage on their backs, or travois, or occasional hooked to sledged, sometimes multiple dogs, hooked in a "fan" layout with each dog hooked directly to the sledge, not in the strait lline you see for racing today. These people moved only seasonally, moved all their goods, and moved slow. A big strong dog was best, and also used for hunting/ companionship/ food if needed.
These big dogs were the norm for sled-dogs ALL THE WAY UNTIL JOE REDDINGTON RE-INTRODUCED/INVENTED the IDITAROD to re-enact the Diptheria-run of the 1925... when famous lead dog 'Balto' (whome we have a bronze memorial of in downtown anchorage, and whom we have STUFFED here in the museum) was (as locals know, a SMALL PART OF) the DASH from Seward to Nome to deliver syrum to an outbreak there. It was a relay-race of teams and Balto was ONE dog on ONE of the teams.
1925 serum run to Nome - Wikipedia
So Reddington Sr started the race up, (
Iditarod Race History) sled dogs from all over the world begin competing for the prizes and money. It became a HUGe marketing thing with sponsors, media and big money... now we need FAST dogs with STAMINA.. There was already some sled-dog stock in Russia, and they begin breeding with, YES GREYHOUNDS for legs and lungs. Also other types of hounds and longevity dogs. This why "Alaskan Huskys" as they are now called, come in many coat styles, ear, snout and tail styles. They are a huge mutt-working dog and they only thing they are bred for is ENDURANCE & SPEED. Most racing huskys are about 35-45# And now you know..."The REST of the story.."