Carl Fridh Kleberg @CFKlebergTT 4m
'Militants making headway in #Iraq and #Syria declare advent of formal Islamic state,' @LizSly writes: http://www.washingtonpost.com/world...a63712-ff88-11e3-b8ff-89afd3fad6bd_story.html … #IS #ISIS
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Militants making headway in Iraq and Syria declare advent of formal Islamic state
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Vehicles carrying Iraqi Kurdish Peshmerga forces patrol as smoke billows from an area controlled by jihadist militants from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Syria. (Karim Sahib/AFP/Getty Images)
By Liz Sly and Loveday Morris June 29 at 3:30 PM
BAGHDAD — The extremist group battling its way through swaths of territory in Iraq and Syria declared the creation of a formal Islamic state on Sunday, stirring up the global jihadist movement and laying down an ambitious challenge to al-Qaeda’s established leadership.
In an audio statement posted on the Internet, the spokesman of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria announced the restoration of the 7th-century Islamic caliphate, a long-declared goal of the al-Qaeda renegades who broke with the mainstream organization earlier this year and have since asserted control over large areas spanning the two countries.
The move signifies “a new era of international jihad,” according to the spokesman, Abu Mohammed al-Adnani, who also declared an end to the existence of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, as the group had previously called itself.
Henceforth, ISIS will simply be known as the Islamic State, in recognition of the breakdown of international borders achieved as a result of the group’s conquests, he said. ISIS’s leader, an Iraqi known as Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, will be the caliph, or leader, of the new caliphate, and all Muslims worldwide will be required to pay allegiance to him.
The proclamation comes as a powerful challenge to al-Qaeda’s chief, Ayman al-Zawahiri, who also claims supremacy over the global jihadist movement. Zawahiri repudiated Baghdadi earlier this year after the Iraqi leader rejected repeated al-Qaeda directives to adopt a more inclusive approach toward other jihadist groups, and it is unlikely he will agree to bow to the authority of the proclaimed new caliph.
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Shiite Iraqis prepare to fight Sunni militants
Members of an all-volunteer force undergo training in the holy city of Karbala to protect Shiite shrines and help counter the recent gains of the Sunni insurgent group the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria.
“This is a threat to the legitimacy of al-Qaeda as the representative of global jihad, and it lays down the threat big time,” said Charles Lister of the Brookings Doha Center in Qatar. “Put simply, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi has declared war on al-Qaeda.”
Some jihadist groups operating in other parts of the region may be tempted to switch allegiance to the new Islamic state, which is a proclaimed goal of al-Qaeda but also one that the parent organization has said should be implemented only once conditions are right.
Others, however, may be deterred by the power grab. The statement declares Baghdadi to be the “Emir of the Momineen,” or “Prince of the Believers,” a title that effectively endows him with the legacy of the leadership of the prophet Muhammad, the founder of Islam.
It is not clear, either, whether some of the other Sunni revolutionary movements now fighting the Iraqi government alongside the militants, many whom are fiercely nationalistic, will accept the Islamic State’s explicit rejection of national boundaries, including those of Iraq.
“This could potentially risk the Islamic State’s overall position within the Sunni uprising in Iraq,” Lister said.
The declaration, greeted with volleys of celebratory gunfire in some Islamic State strongholds, may otherwise have no immediate practical effect on the ground.
The state will cover lands already under Islamic State control, stretching from the northern Syrian province of Aleppo to the eastern Iraqi province of Diyala, the statement said, adding that eventually it will be extended to include the entire Muslim world. The militants have already asserted a de facto Islamic state in these areas, establishing their own courts, schools and services. The effort has received an enormous boost in the past three weeks from the vast quantities of weaponry taken by the militants from Iraqi army bases and millions of dollars seized from banks in the towns and cities they overran.
Coinciding with the first day of the Muslim holy month of Ramadan, the statement will also further boost the morale of militant fighters after their achievements of recent weeks, which have seen them rout the Iraqi security forces across northern and western Iraq.
On Sunday, the militants claimed they had repelled an Iraqi government counteroffensive against the city of Tikrit, which fell under Islamic State control more than two weeks ago.
The operation marked a major test for the Iraqi military as it tries to reverse the insurgent gains, but it appeared that the attempt to recapture the city had failed.
Ground forces backed by helicopter gunships launched a three-pronged pre-dawn attack on the militant stronghold of Tikrit on Saturday, but residents and a tribal leader said militants from an al-Qaeda breakaway group had repelled the troops’ advance, rigging roads into the city with explosives.
Residents said the insurgents, who have been assisted by local anti-government groups, were still in control of the town center on Sunday. State television had claimed to have cleared Tikrit of militants on Saturday.
With the ground attack repelled on three fronts, special forces who had airlifted into Tikrit University, setting up base at the nearby al Sahra air base earlier in the week, attempted to break in from the northwest on Sunday, residents said.
Abu Ghaib, a 35-year-old Tikrit resident who chose to use a pseudonym for fear of reprisals, said there was intense helicopter fire and shelling Sunday in the area near university.
“What the people believe is that the army is advancing from the university,” he said. “But we don’t know for sure.”
“Some families have nowhere to flee to and they are quite terrified,” Abu Ghaib said. “The southern entrance to the city is like a ghost town, many have fled.”
With only helicopters and fixed propeller planes, Iraqi military officials have complained they lack the airpower to fight insurgents. On Sunday, the defense ministry took delivery of a Russian-made Sukhoi SU-25 fighter jet. It said five jets would enter service in the next three or four days.
Liz Sly is The Post’s Beirut bureau chief. Her previous assignments in more than two decades as a foreign correspondent have included postings in Africa, China, Europe and South Asia.