INTL Latin America and the Islands: Politics, Economics, Military- August 2020

Plain Jane

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Here is July's thread:


Main Coronavirus Thread beginning page 1302:




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First Bolsonaro trip since recovery aims at opponents’ votes
By RICARDO COLETTAyesterday



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Brazil's first lady Michelle Bolsonaro looks at her husband, President President Jair Bolsonaro, while singing their national anthem during an event at the presidential palace in Brasilia, Brazil, Wednesday, July 29, 2020. The first lady tested positive for COVID-19, according to an official statement released Thursday, July 30. (AP Photo/Eraldo Peres)

BRASILIA, Brazil (AP) — Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro on Thursday took his first trip since recovering from COVID-19, ignoring social distancing recommendations as he worked to chip away support in his political rivals’ stronghold.

Bolsonaro said he intended to travel Brazil after beating the disease, which kept him confined to the presidential residence for more than two weeks.

On Saturday, he announced that he had tested negative, and chose as his first destinations two small cities in Brazil’s northeast — the second-most populous region and the only one he lost in the 2018 presidential election. The impoverished region voted overwhelmingly for the leftist Workers’ Party.


The far-right leader flew to Piaui state where he was greeted by dozens of people crowding in front of the airport. Bolsonaro shook hands and at times even removed his face mask. Meanwhile, officials in the capital announced that Brazil’s first lady and a fifth member of Bolsonaro’s Cabinet tested positive for the new coronavirus.

Bolsonaro then flew to Bahia state to inaugurate a new public water supply system. Its construction began during a Workers’ Party administration, was concluded during Bolsonaro’s term, and was long-awaited in the area historically affected by severe droughts and scarce access to water. The president removed his mask at a fountain and splashed water on supporters and allies who gathered around him.

Bolsonaro has downplayed the virus’ severity, even after he was infected, arguing against restrictions on economic activity that he contends will prove far more damaging than the disease. His approach to the pandemic runs counter to most health experts’ prescriptions and is disapproved of by the majority of Brazilians, according to recent opinion polls.

Later in the day, Bolsonaro said in a live broadcast on his social media channels that he had taken a blood test after feeling “a little weakness” Wednesday. He added doctors found “some infection.” He was not wearing a mask.

After once more advertising chloroquine, an anti-malaria drug that is not scientifically approved for use to treat COVID-19, Bolsonaro added he is now taking antibiotics to fully recover.

“After 20 days inside the house we get other problems, right? I got some mold in my lung, maybe that’s it,” he said.

On Friday, he is scheduled to travel to Rio Grande do Sul state on the border with Uruguay.
In a speech during the water works event, Bolsonaro praised the northeastern region and said its residents should not view themselves as inferior to other Brazilians.

“You are like people from all the other four regions of Brazil. We are all equal, only one people, one race and one objective: to place Brazil above all,” he said. “And you are the ones who give us the energy to fulfill our goal.”

Advisers have counseled the president to intensify public appearances in northeastern Brazil to improve his standing, as emergency cash the federal government doled out during the pandemic has bolstered his image among the poor, three officials who declined to be named because they aren’t authorized to speak publicly told The Associated Press.

This trend in the northeast can already be identified in some opinion polls, said Antonio Lavareda, a sociologist and political science professor at the Federal University of Pernambuco, another northeastern state.

“In the northeast, people’s incomes are lower than the national average, so its residents are more susceptible to that (the benefit)” Lavareda said by phone.

The government’s $115 monthly pandemic welfare payment was initially planned to last until June, but Bolsonaro extended it by two months.

Payments have already cost the government more than $32 billion and Brazil’s economy minister, Paulo Guedes, has said its coffers can ill afford to maintain the program much longer. Bolsonaro this month also warned that it can’t persist indefinitely.

But the president’s political allies have started pressuring for another extension. The handout has reduced extreme poverty to its lowest level in decades, according to a study released this week by the Getulio Vargas Foundation, a university.

Experts warn that poverty will rise again after the last monthly payment, currently slated for August. Brazil will hold municipal elections in October.

Also on Thursday, Science and Technology Minister Marcos Pontes wrote on Twitter that he tested positive for the coronavirus after experiencing flu-like symptoms and headache. He said he was in isolation.

The presidency’s press office later said in a statement that the president’s wife, Michelle Bolsonaro, also tested positive and appears to be in good health. She joined her husband in the capital, Brasilia, on Wednesday when he participated in his first public event since recovering.
___
Associated Press writer Mauricio Savarese in Sao Paulo contributed to this report.
 

Plain Jane

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NEWS
JULY 31, 2020 / 9:45 PM / UPDATED AN HOUR AGO
Facebook puts global block on Brazil's Bolsonaro supporters


2 MIN READ

BRASILIA (Reuters) - Facebook said on Saturday it has put a global block on certain accounts controlled by supporters of Brazil’s President Jair Bolsonaro implicated in a fake news inquiry, a day after it was fined for not complying with a Supreme Court judge’s order to do so.

A spokesperson for Facebook said the order was “extreme” and threatens “freedom of expression outside of Brazil’s jurisdiction”, but said the company has agreed to the order.

“Given the threat of criminal liability to a local employee, at this point we see no other alternative than complying with the decision by blocking the accounts globally, while we appeal to the Supreme Court,” the spokesperson said.

Justice Alexandre de Moraes had ruled on Thursday that Facebook and Twitter failed to comply with orders to block the accounts because they were only blocked within Brazil, but remained accessible with foreign IP addresses.


On Friday, he ruled that Facebook must pay a 1.92 million reais ($367,710) fine for not complying and face further daily fines of 100,000 reais per day if it does not block the accounts in question globally.

Before the fine was announced, Facebook said on Friday that it would appeal the decision. The world’s largest social network said it respects the laws of countries where it operates, but that “Brazilian law recognizes the limits of its jurisdiction.”

The judge’s fine only addressed Facebook’s non-compliance. It was not clear whether Twitter would face a similar fine.

The judge originally decided in May to block 16 Twitter accounts and 12 Facebook accounts of Bolsonaro supporters who have been linked to a probe into the spreading of fake news during Brazil’s 2018 election.

The accounts were blocked due to allegations that they violated laws on hate speech.

($1 = 5.2215 reais)

Reporting by Alexandre Caverni in Sao Paulo and Ricardo Brito in Brasilia; Editing by Daniel Wallis; Writing by Jamie McGeever
Our Standards:The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
 

Plain Jane

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House arrest of Colombia’s Uribe exposes post-peace tensions
By CÉSAR GARCÍA and CHRISTOPHER TORCHIAAugust 5, 2020



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FILE - In this Oct. 8, 2019 file photo, senator and former president Alvaro Uribe arrives to the Supreme Court for questioning in an investigation for witness tampering charges in Bogota, Colombia. Uribe will not be allowed to remain at liberty while the Supreme Court investigates the allegations against him, current President Ivan Duque said in a video address Tuesday, Aug. 4, 2020. (AP Photo/Ivan Valencia, File)

BOGOTA, Colombia (AP) — Hero or villain? In Colombia, former President Álvaro Uribe is both.
The rift over Uribe, and the broader rift in Colombian society, born of generations of violence that diminished with a 2016 peace accord with rebels, flared after the ex-leader was placed under house arrest in an alleged witness tampering case.

Adding to the drama, a spokesperson for Uribe’s Democratic Center party said Wednesday that Uribe had tested positive for the new coronavirus. The representative gave the information on condition of anonymity because of the sensitivity of the matter. A medical team had visited Uribe for 20 minutes earlier in the day. Colombian media reported he was in good health.

The court ruling to detain 68-year-old Uribe, still a political force even though he left the presidency a decade ago, exposed the strain in a Latin American democracy divided over who should be held to account for alleged crimes tied to Colombia’s brutal history. It comes at a difficult moment for Colombia as it tries to contain the coronavirus while enduring the harsh economic fallout of its monthslong lockdown.

“Now we’re going to add greater political polarization,” said Juan Manuel Charry, a Colombian lawyer and constitutional analyst. He said the court ruling “breaks a long historical tradition in which, even if ex-presidents of the republic were put on trial, none was detained preventively.”

His detractors said the court’s decision Tuesday should be respected pending the investigation of Uribe, a senator who denies any wrongdoing.

“Nobody is above the law,” tweeted Bogotá Mayor Claudia López, a critic of Uribe who as a researcher had previously investigated collusion between politicians and paramilitary groups.

As president, Uribe was known as an austere hardliner whose U.S.-backed military successes against rebels catapulted him to huge popularity during his 2002-2010 tenure. His detention stemmed from his alleged links to paramilitary groups, which were organized by landowners, sometimes with the complicity of the state, to fight guerrillas who espoused a leftist ideology while often resorting to kidnapping and extortion.

The result was a vicious bloodletting in which civilians were usually the victims of human rights violations, carried out in murky circumstances by any number of armed groups.

The ruling Tuesday infuriated Uribe supporters who wondered why he was being targeted while former leaders of the rebel Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, known by its Spanish acronym FARC, remain free and even enjoy representation in the congress under an amnesty deal.

Those supporters include President Iván Duque, a man groomed for leadership by Uribe and whose denunciations of the court ruling put public pressure on an ostensibly independent judicial system that has struggled with internal corruption over the years.

“There’s a trial that will have to take place, but the minimum that a society can expect in a situation like this, with someone who has served Colombia, is that he can defend himself as a free man,” Duque said Wednesday in an interview with Colombia’s RCN radio.

Duque, who had described terms of the 2016 peace deal with the FARC as too lenient, compared Uribe’s predicament to that of an ex-rebel leader known as Jesús Santrich, who apparently fled last year after Colombia’s Supreme Court ordered his release from prison on the basis that he had limited immunity as a lawmaker. Santrich was wanted in the U.S. on charges of conspiring to traffic cocaine, a crime he allegedly committed after the peace deal.

Santrich is simply a “criminal,” while Uribe is not a flight risk who has collaborated with the judicial process against him, Duque said.

Uribe is being investigated for allegedly bribing a former paramilitary member to retract damaging allegations against him. The case stems from accusations by Sen. Iván Cepeda, who contends that Uribe was a founding member of a paramilitary group in his home province during the decades-long civil conflict involving government forces, rebels and paramilitary bands that left hundreds of thousands dead, displaced or missing.

Now Uribe is battling in the courts. His lawyer, Jaime Granados, said he is innocent.
___
Torchia reported from Mexico City.
 

Plain Jane

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NEWS
AUGUST 8, 2020 / 9:22 AM / UPDATED 3 HOURS AGO
Venezuela court jails two U.S. ex-soldiers for 20 years after failed incursion


2 MIN READ

CARACAS (Reuters) - A Venezuelan court sentenced two former U.S. soldiers to 20 years in prison for their role in a failed incursion aimed at ousting President Nicolas Maduro in early May, chief prosecutor Tarek Saab said late on Friday.

Former Green Berets Luke Denman, 34, and Airan Berry, 41, admitted to participating in the May 4 operation, Saab wrote on his Twitter account.

“Said gentlemen ADMITTED to having committed the crimes,” he wrote, adding that the trials were ongoing for dozens of others captured.

Denman and Berry were charged with conspiracy, terrorism and illicit weapons trafficking, Saab wrote.

Alfonso Medina, a lawyer for the two, said their legal team was not allowed into the courtroom. The two men were not available for comment.

The sea incursion launched from Colombia, known as Operation Gideon, left at least eight dead.

Maduro’s government said it arrested a group of conspirators that included Denman and Berry near the isolated coastal town of Chuao.

U.S. special forces veteran Jordan Goudreau, who ran Silvercorp USA, a private Florida-based security firm, has claimed responsibility for the raid.

Denman appeared in a video on Venezuelan state TV days after their capture, saying they had been contracted by Silvercorp USA to train 50 to 60 Venezuelans in Colombia, seize control of Caracas’ airport and bring in a plane to fly Maduro to the United States.

Opposition leader Juan Guaido’s office said Guaido had known about the operation since October, but did not finance or order it.

Maduro, who describes Guaido as a Washington puppet, has said that President Donald Trump’s government backed the operation.

The Trump administration has denied any direct involvement. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo has said the U.S. government would use “every tool” to secure the U.S. citizens’ return.

Reporting by Sarah Kinosian; Editing by Nick Macfie
Our Standards:The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
 

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7 killed in Mexico’s most violent state despite capo arrest
yesterday


MEXICO CITY (AP) — Hopes that the recent arrest of a Mexican gang leader could calm the country’s most violent state appeared dashed Saturday as the bullet-ridden bodies of seven men were found in a field and a rival drug cartel announced it was moving in.

The central state of Guanajuato has been the scene of over 9,000 killings since the Santa Rosa de Lima gang and the rival Jalisco cartel started a turf war for control of the industrial state around 2017.

There were hopes the violence might subside after the Aug. 2 arrest of Santa Rosa gang leader José Antonio Yépez Ortiz, better known by his nickname “El Marro,” which means “The Sledgehammer.”

But on Saturday, Guanajuato officials confirmed that the bodies of seven men with multiple gunshot wounds were found dumped on the side of a road near the Jerécuaro, near the state’s border with Michoacan. Authorities said they found spent shell casings from assault rifles and pistols at the scene, suggesting the men had been killed there.

Also Saturday, a video was posted on social media showing about two dozen men dressed in military-style fatigues and armed with assault rifles, .50-caliber sniper rifles and at least two belt-fed machine guns. The men claim in the video to be members of the Jalisco New Generation Cartel, the rival of the Santa Rosa gang that has sought to move into Guanajuato.
“We know that there are still people from this gang of killers of innocents,” a cartel spokesman says in the video, a reference to remaining Santa Rosa gang members. “They will also fall. The best thing they can do is run.”

The video promises that once the Santa Rosa gang is gone, peace will return to Guanajuato under Jalisco New Generation, which is Mexico’s most violent and fastest growing cartel.

“Today, the Cartel Jalisco New Generation makes the promise to you, the people of Guanajuato, and to the authorities, that it will keep the state in peace and tranquility,” the spokesman said.

It is a promise the Jalisco cartel has made in the past in other parts of Mexico, and always broken.

Authorities could not immediately confirm the authenticity of the video, but the cartel has posted similar videos in the past.

The last one, posted in July, was confirmed by the Defense Department to show members of an elite hit squad of Jalisco gunmen who may have had some military training. Officials said the video was apparently filmed near the border of Jalisco and Guanajuato states and showed a column of about 75 gunmen dressed in military-style fatigues with a dozen homemade armored pickup trucks, an anti-aircraft gun, nine belt-fed machine guns, 10 sniper rifles, six grenade launchers and 54 assault rifles.


The Santa Rosa gang grew up in a farming hamlet of the same name by stealing fuel from government pipelines and refineries and robbing freight from trains. But after authorities stepped up security around trains and pipelines over the last two years, the gang turned to extortion and kidnapping. It would move sector to sector, systematically demanding extortion payments from businesses like tortilla shops or car dealerships.

However, the gang’s reign never affected the major companies that have built dozens of plants in Guanajuato, attracted by investor-friendly policies and excellent rail and highway links.
 

Melodi

Disaster Cat
Mexico is now mostly ruled by warlords and their private armies, cut off the head and another simply rises to take their place.

The situation is now similar to Italy in the late 1400s (see The Borgias, it is fiction but really shows this problem) and the "President" of Mexico is almost as helpless as the "President" or "Prime Minister" in places like Afghanistan.

When Unilever Executive Karsi was basically planted in as "Afghani" President after the US war there, the local joke was "He is the President of Kabul" (the Capitol) in much the same way that any Mexican President is really the President of Mexico city and a bit beyond it.

Sad, and something that the US will probably be forced to help deal with at some point (even if it is just building a really big wall with massive popular support when the violence really spills over into the US).
 

Plain Jane

Just Plain Jane



Court record in Colombia reveals Uribe’s mounting legal bind
By CHRISTINE ARMARIOtoday



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FILE - In this Oct. 8, 2019 file photo, senator and former president Alvaro Uribe arrives to the Supreme Court for questioning in an investigation for witness tampering charges in Bogota, Colombia. Uribe will not be allowed to remain at liberty while the Supreme Court investigates the allegations against him, current President Ivan Duque said in a video address Tuesday, Aug. 4, 2020. (AP Photo/Ivan Valencia, File)

BOGOTA, Colombia (AP) — The frantic voice message to an inmate in Colombia’s notorious La Picota prison came days before powerful former President Álvaro Uribe was up against a court deadline to submit witness testimony in a potentially damaging case against him.

“There’s a big man who wants to talk,” Carlos Eduardo López, a tireless Uribe devotee, told the former paramilitary serving a four-decade sentence.

Juan Guillermo Monsalve asked for details.

In a series of WhatsApp audios, López explained that Uribe’s political allies wanted him to help their cause by submitting a video in which he backtracks from previous statements alleging the politician had ties to right-wing paramilitaries.


The Supreme Court had just opened an investigation into allegations that Uribe had engaged in witness tampering and his supporters were eager to get it closed. If Monsalve could testify that he’d been pressured by an opposition lawmaker into making false assertions against Uribe, he could help spare one of Colombia’s most popular if polemical leaders a possibly ruinous legal headache.

The audios are among a trove of legally intercepted calls, covert recordings and witness testimony that make up the backbone of a monumental Supreme Court investigation into Uribe, whose house arrest order last week rocked the political establishment and divided the nation. The transcript is documented in the classified 1,554-page decision obtained by The Associated Press.

In the audios, López didn’t name Uribe, referring to him only as “the ex” and “the old man.”
“He said: ‘Son, could you go in and ask him to send us a video?’” López said.

Uribe has not been charged and strongly denies the accusations against him.

The documents nonetheless show a harried search for witnesses by lawyers who were repeatedly pushed by Uribe to gather favorable testimony. Phone records confirm he was frequently in contact before and after meetings to try and collect critical pieces of evidence. In one case, the politician urged an ally to help pressure an ex-paramilitary’s family in convincing him to meet with his lawyer.

“I want that criminal to straighten this out,” he said in an intercepted call.

The account contrasts with that provided in court by Uribe’s defense, which claims the president had little involvement in building the case. He appears to give tacit approval of questionable acts, like submitting confessions that had been written by a lawyer, Diego Cadena, and signed by inmates who reportedly had bad penmanship.


“These people don’t even have an elementary education,” Cadena told Uribe by phone. “I’m a criminal lawyer, I’ve handled these things.”

“It’s ok, let’s continue,” Uribe said.

However, there also appears to be no direct instruction by Uribe to his lawyers or emissaries telling witnesses to specifically lie or offer benefits beyond legal advice. On several occasions, he tells his confidantes that he is simply searching for “the truth.”

“The obsession of President Álvaro Uribe Vélez has been for the truth,” said Jaime Granados, Uribe’s lawyer. “The obsession of others, for years, has been to find him guilty, no matter what the events actually show.”

The case has renewed a long-simmering divide in Colombia over the nation’s half-century conflict between the state, leftist rebels and paramilitary groups. Many Colombians still scarred by a time when kidnappings and bombings were frequent have been reluctant to embrace the historic 2016 accord that grants former guerrillas 10 seats in congress and little to no jail time in exchange for telling the truth.

Uribe has been at the center of the divide, pushing campaigns to reject or weaken the accord and remaining an influential figure despite having left the presidency a decade ago. His legion of followers has grown smaller, but many still regard him as a savior who helped turn the tide against rebels with a U.S.-backed military approach.

News of the Supreme Court’s house arrest decision thus struck a deep chord both for Uribe admirers who consider the ruling unjust and detractors who saw it as an encouraging sign that even the powerful can be held accountable in Colombia.

President Iván Duque – a protégé of Uribe – has expressed his unfailing belief in his mentor’s innocence.

“The court is not judging the presidential record of Uribe,” said José Miguel Vivanco, Americas director for Human Rights Watch. “The court is examining a very serious case of witness tampering that implicated the former president with organized crime – and the debate should be constrained exclusively to that point.”

The origins of the case can be traced back to 2012, when Sen. Iván Cepeda made allegations in congress regarding Uribe’s ties to paramilitaries. Such groups were organized by landowners, sometimes with state complicity, to fight leftist guerrillas.

Throughout his career, Uribe has been dogged by allegations of links to drug cartels and paramilitaries, though he has never been charged and decries the accusations. He filed a complaint against Cepeda, accusing him of manipulating witnesses to extract the damaging confessions by ex-paramilitaries. But in 2018, the Supreme Court dropped the case and instead began investigating the former president.

The court record paints a vivid picture of those initial days following the ruling.

After López’s call to Monsalve, Uribe’s lawyer showed up at the prison. The 40-year-old inmate refused to accept his visit. But the next day, after apparent pressure by another inmate, Monsalve conceded to meeting him.

He walked into the meeting wearing a new watch his wife had delivered to him that day and covertly recorded 18 minutes of the encounter.

“I think you need some type of benefit,” Cadena is logged as stating.

But Monsalve is reticent: Changing his testimony would get him charged with a new crime, resulting in more jail time, he notes. Enrique Pardo Hasche, a fellow inmate who acted as a go-between with Uribe allies, tries to diminish his fears.

“If you go to the side of the president, I assure you, you’ll get help,” Hasche says.

Cadena, Uribe’s lawyer, says he “doesn’t want to put even the least amount of pressure” but later states that he has to submit the declaration the next day. He suggests Monsalve write something short, saying he is willing to “clear up the events.”

“Break the ice,” Cadena says.

Despite their insistence, Monsalve didn’t sign the letter.

Nonetheless, Cadena proceeded in his efforts to obtain a retraction, meeting about a week later with Monsalve’s wife, according to the document.

Deyanira Gómez showed up for the encounter at a Dunkin Donuts in early April equipped with a secret recording device and a frank message to Cadena.

“We’ve never asked for help from anybody,” she says. “And we’re not going to ask for help from Senator Uribe either.” Later, she adds: “Let’s be clear that we’re not going to retract because the version Juan has is the real one.”

Gómez did submit a letter to the court from her husband, apologizing to Uribe and his brother and saying they are “totally innocent.” But at the end, he writes: “I am doing this letter under pressure” from both Cadena and Hasche, “sent by ex-President Álvaro Uribe.”
Gómez later fled Colombia fearing for her life.

Repeatedly, Uribe says in phone calls that he is only insisting on finding “the truth” and makes statements like “let it be clear, there is nothing shady here.” But magistrates are skeptical of such statements, noting the ex-chief of state acknowledged knowing several times that his calls are wiretapped, and suggesting the content could be less than authentic as a result.
Granados, who is representing Uribe, is calling for the entire court record to be released, stating the anecdotes contained in the ruling present a partial picture.

Throughout it all, Uribe was surrounded by a fervent cast of allies willing to do whatever necessary - even to their own detriment. One inmate aligned with the politician comments that “Uribe is God.” López, who made the WhatsApp audios, similarly expresses an undying devotion to him, crediting him with defeating the guerrillas who resulted in his own displacement.

“As long as Doctor Uribe exists, I’ll be a follower,” he says.
 

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El Salvador waits for president, congress to act on pandemic
By MARCOS ALEMANyesterday



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A patient infected with the new coronavirus is transferred from an ambulance onto a stretcher at the National Hospital emergency entrance in San Salvador, El Salvador, Friday, Aug. 7, 2020. For months, the strictest measures confronting the COVID-19 pandemic in Latin America seemed to keep infections in check, in El Salvador, but a gradual reopening combined with a political stalemate has seen infections increase nearly fourfold. (AP Photo/Salvador Melendez)

SAN SALVADOR, El Salvador (AP) — If El Salvador President Nayib Bukele and the country’s congress can’t reach an agreement in the next two weeks on how to regulate the country’s economic reopening amid the pandemic, it will fall to individual businesses and their customers.

On Sunday, Bukele said he will follow the Supreme Court’s latest ruling that found his gradual economic activation plan was unconstitutional. In a decision that the court suspended until Aug. 23, the justices said that the president did not have the legal authority to limit the movement and activities of people and their businesses.


If the Legislative Assembly doesn’t pass a law acceptable to Bukele about how to manage the reactivation of the economy, “everything that happens going forward would have to be a question of self-regulation by the businesses and the people,” Eduardo Escobar, a lawyer and director of the Citizen Action Association, said Monday.

El Salvador’s government has been locked in a stalemate for weeks as the executive and legislative branches appear unable to work together to confront the pandemic and the court refuses to let Bukele go it alone.

Early in the pandemic, Bukele imposed the strictest measures in Latin America. The borders were closed, people were ordered to stay home and those caught outside were held in containment centers. But the courts repeatedly ruled that the measures were unconstitutional.

The government initiated its economic reopening June 16, but has postponed the second phase twice after infections have risen. Since June 16, confirmed infections are up about 400%.

The government has confirmed nearly 21,000 infections and 563 deaths. On Sunday, the country recorded its highest daily infection total with 445.

Bukele spoke in characteristically blunt terms late Sunday, but it was a step back from his confrontational approach earlier in the pandemic when he ignored court decisions and raised international concerns.

“This government will abide by this decision, even though it is unjust and goes against the lives of Salvadorans,” he said. “History will judge them. We are not going to create a constitutional crisis.”

Bukele said the court and congress have left him without weapons to confront the pandemic. “We can’t make anyone do anything, not even make someone wear a mask,” he said.

Instead, the president said his government would continue to strengthen hospitals and urge the public to follow health protocols.

Escobar of the Citizen Action Association said Bukele must try to reach some consensus with lawmakers whether it be on a new quarantine or an orderly reactivation of the economy.
“The government has finally understood that it can’t continue with this single vision that only the right to life and health matter and all of the other rights are left aside,” he said.




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NEWS
AUGUST 12, 2020 / 5:49 PM / UPDATED 27 MINUTES AGO
Peru president bans family gatherings, extends lockdowns, as coronavirus infections spike

Marco Aquino
2 MIN READ



LIMA (Reuters) - Peruvian President Martín Vizcarra on Wednesday banned family gatherings and extended lockdowns to five more regions of the country amid a fresh spike in cases of the novel coronavirus.

Fifteen of Peru’s 25 regions were already covered by rolling lockdowns. Vizcarra announced the return of a blanket Sunday curfew as figures revealed a 75% surge in infections among children and adolescents.


“Now those who are infecting us are the people we know, the relatives who come to visit us, the friends who get together to kick a ball around or enjoy a barbecue,” Vizcarra said in a speech broadcast from the Government Palace in Lima. “It is a problem that together we have to solve.”

In recent days, the Andean country has registered a daily average of 7,000 confirmed infections and 200 deaths, according to official data.

There have been 489,680 confirmed cases while the dead totalled 21,501 by Tuesday, the Ministry of Health said.

The first case of coronavirus appeared in Peru on March 6 and a week later the government imposed a strict quarantine, halting almost all productive activity in the world`s second-largest copper miner, whose economy is expected to contract this year by 12%, according to central bank projections.

In July, in a bid to stave off the worst economic performance in a century, the government began a staged reopening which included resumption of mining, industry and commerce, including restaurants and shops.

Reporting by Marco Aquino; writing by Aislinn Laing; editing by Grant McCool
Our Standards:The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
 

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Warlord’s release from US prison ups tension with Colombia
By JOSHUA GOODMAN2 hours ago


MIAMI (AP) — A last-minute battle is unfolding over the fate of a former paramilitary warlord who the Colombian government wants returned following a long drug sentence in U.S. prison.

Salvatore Mancuso, the top commander of a since-disbanded group of right-wing militias, completed a 12-year cocaine trafficking sentence in March.

He remains in U.S. custody as Colombia — where courts have judged him responsible for more than 1,500 acts of murder or forced disappearance — fights a U.S. order that would send him to Italy, where he also has citizenship.

Mancuso’s lawyers contend he would be killed if he returns to a South American country that has struggled to heal from decades of bloody conflict. They argue he has already fulfilled his obligations under a 2003 peace deal he negotiated, which caps prison terms at eight years for paramilitary bosses who confess their crimes.

The many victims Mancuso left behind say at stake is the justice that has long been denied them. Colombian officials also complain that denying their request that Mancusco be deported back home would be a high-profile snub to a staunch ally that suffered a decades-long civil conflict that left 260,000 dead and millions more displaced. The carnage was made worse by U.S. demand for Colombian cocaine, which funded illegal armed groups including Mancuso’s United Defense Forces of Colombia, known as AUC.

Successive conservative governments have sent several thousand Colombians to face drug trafficking charges in the U.S. Mancuso is among the highest profile, having directed the manufacture and shipment of more than 138,000 kilograms of cocaine, according to his U.S. plea agreement.

“Removing him to Italy would be a repugnant betrayal for victims” said Jose Miguel Vivanco, the Americas director for Human Rights Watch. “If the Colombian government is honestly committed to justice for atrocity crimes, it should exhaust all legal avenues to take Mancuso back to Colombia, hold him to account and prevent this humiliation to victims.”

The fight underscores the unfinished business of the paramilitary peace process, known as Justice and Peace, that led to the demobilization of 30,000 right-wing fighters but fell way short of its ambitious goal of truth telling and reconciliation.

Those wounds resurfaced this month when Colombia’s Supreme Court ordered the arrest of former President Álvaro Uribe as it investigates whether he helped bribe witnesses to keep a lid on suspicions that have long swirled about his own relationship with paramilitary groups.


In 2008, the far-right Uribe stealthily extradited Mancuso and 13 other warlords to face drug charges in the U.S. His critics say the shock move, an apparent peace accord violation, was an attempt to silence the men just as they began to reveal secrets about their crimes and politician collaborators — including Uribe, who as a governor in the 1990s backed the creation of legal, armed groups to protect ranchers’ land from leftist guerrilla fighters.
“With me they extradited the truth,” Mancuso told Colombian media shortly after his arrival in the U.S. in 2008.

On April 16, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security ordered Mancuso’s removal to Italy, according to two people close to Mancuso who spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss the private administrative proceeding.

But that deportation didn’t happen. In June, U.S prosecutors requested on behalf of their Colombian counterparts that the 55-year-old Mancuso be extradited to Colombia to serve a 27-year sentence for the 1997 kidnappings of two relatives of a top leftist rebel commander, according to U.S. court records. Armed AUC fighters dressed as Colombian police carried out one abduction at a flower shop while, at the same time in a separate operation, commandos posing as prospective home buyers raided the residence of the other victim.

Mancuso, who according to the extradition request was in phone contact with one of the captors right after the raids, later took responsibility for the kidnappings during the peace process. Both captives were later killed.

Colombia withdrew its extradition request last month and the U.S. case was closed. While the government gave no reason for its sudden reversal, it appears that Mancuso’s Miami-based attorney, Joaquin Perez, outmaneuvered prosecutors.

Last year, a judge in the capital, Bogota, granted Mancuso probation in Colombia. The judge said Mancuso’s years in U.S. prison satisfied the requirements of the Justice and Peace law, which allows alternative sentences of up to eight years to be served abroad. She cancelled the arrest orders on July 15; Colombia withdrew its extradition request five days later.

But the country’s president still says he wants Mancuso returned and prosecutors still seek his arrest for other crimes, though they aren’t recognized as offenses under U.S. law because they stem from his position atop AUC’s chain of command — not specific orders he gave. Mancuso is also the target of a Colombian investigation for money laundering that allegedly took place after his demobilization.

Mancuso’s apparently solid legal standing hasn’t stopped Colombian officials from demanding his arrest. And in a country with a notoriously weak, corrupt and maze-like judiciary, it doesn’t take much for a freelancing judge to issue an arrest order.

Colombian President Iván Duque has said the time Mancuso served in the U.S. for drug trafficking cannot be credited against his sentences for “crimes against humanity” back home.

“The second he steps on Italian soil, I will personally make a request to the International Criminal Court that he be tried for these crimes,” Duque said in a recent interview with Bogota’s Semana magazine.

Some critics believe Duque’s government may just be going through the motions.
Opposition Sen. Iván Cepeda said Duque — whose political mentor is Uribe and whose supporters include politicians who were jailed for ties to the AUC — has little to gain from the warlord’s return.

“You have to be really naive to believe that an involuntary bureaucratic mistake is what is blocking the return of the person who knows the most about the history of the paramilitaries,” said Cepeda, who has traveled to the U.S. to meet Mancuso on behalf of victims.

The leftist Cepeda, who is Uribe’s top accuser and whose father was killed by members of the army in coordination with paramilitaries, pledges to hold congressional hearings about how in his view Colombia bungled the extradition request.

Formed as self-defense forces by wealthy ranchers in the 1980s to counter leftist rebel extortion and kidnapping, the militias seized control of much of Colombia’s Caribbean coast in the late 1990s, killing thousands and stealing millions of acres of land while wresting control of lucrative drug routes. In 2001, the U.S. designated the AUC a foreign terror organization.

Mancuso has expressed more remorse than other paramilitary leaders and an eagerness to make amends with his former battlefield enemies — the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, or FARC — who signed their own peace agreement with the government in 2016.
His sophistication — he studied English at the University of Pittsburgh — has always distinguished him from the other rural warlords. Robert Spelke, a retired federal narcotics prosecutor who led proceedings against the warlords, described Mancuso as “very bright, very personable” and a cooperative witness who was committed to telling the truth. Spelke spent over 200 hours interviewing Mancuso and recalled once when the Colombian tearfully broke down as he recounted a paramilitary massacre of civilians.

“I know what these guys did,” said Spelke. “But when you put yourself in their shoes — It was a nasty war. I’d like to think I’d do things differently, but if the FARC was killing my family, stealing my cattle...”

Mancuso’s eagerness to talk has already shaken Colombia’s politics.

His boast in 2005 that a third of Colombia’s congress was elected with paramilitary support triggered a wave of judicial investigations that ended with dozens of elected officials behind bars, including Uribe’s senator cousin.

His cooperation with the Justice and Peace process continued after he reached the U.S., where he did more than 300 video conferences with Colombian investigators and victims.
In a symbolic gesture that shocked many Colombians, Mancuso spoke by phone last month with the FARC’s former top commander, Rodrigo Londono. The one-time adversaries united in pledging their support for peace, reconciliation and support for millions of victims.

That candor is what got Mancuso extradited to the U.S. in the first place — and endangers his life should he be returned, said Jaime Paeres, his Colombia-based attorney. Several family members have already received threats and last month Paeres filed a complaint with Colombia’s chief prosecutor alleging he was the intended target of an attack by 35 armed men who raided a ranch adjacent to where he was staying.

“Mancuso wants to return to Colombia. But it’s us, his lawyers and friends, and even some authorities, who have told him not to come back,” Paeres told The Associated Press. “I have no doubt they will kill him if he comes.”

With the U.S. order that he be sent to his father’s native Italy, Colombian officials have launched a last-ditch lobbying effort.

Colombia’s Ambassador in Washington, Francisco Santos, in recent weeks has met with U.S. officials in the White House as well as the State and Justice Departments to try and block his transfer to Italy, according to a senior Colombian official who spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss the private talks.

The State Department and White House wouldn’t comment. A spokeswoman for Immigration and Customs Enforcement said in a statement that the agency took custody of Mancuso, who it referred to only as a “Colombian national,” from federal marshals on July 21 and that he’s now awaiting removal. ICE declined to provide details, citing operational security.

While extradition of Colombian drug lords has helped relieve pressure on the country’s investigators, it’s far rarer for Colombia to seek arrests beyond its borders.

But Mancuso’s value is unique. If the famously voluble warlord returns, he’d surely divulge uncomfortable truths that many Colombians haven’t wanted to hear, said Cepeda, the leftist lawmaker.

“A lot of the truth is already known,” Cepeda said. “But there’s a lot more to come.”
___
Contact AP’s global investigative team at Investigative@ap.org.
___
Follow Goodman on Twitter: @APJoshGoodman
 

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Puerto Rico set for 2nd voting round after botched primaries
By DÁNICA COTOtoday



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An electoral official, right, tells a voter that the ballots haven't arrived at a voting center in Carolina, Puerto Rico, Sunday, Aug. 9, 2020. Puerto Rico's primaries were marred on Sunday by a lack of ballots in a majority of centers across the U.S. territory, forcing frustrated voters who braved a spike in COVID-19 cases to turn around and go back home. (AP Photo/Danica Coto)

SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico (AP) — Puerto Ricans prepared Thursday for a second consecutive weekend of primary elections after the U.S. territory’s Supreme Court ordered authorities to reopen polling centers where botched ballot supplies prevented people from voting in the first round.

The court’s ruling Wednesday affects only those centers that never opened or did not remain open for the required eight hours Sunday because of missing or delayed ballots.

The decision raised concerns among some that it leaves out thwarted voters who did not return to centers that opened late on Sunday but remained open for eight hours, because some people weren’t able to come back or weren’t aware that voting had become possible.

San Juan Mayor Carmen Yulín Cruz, one of three gubernatorial nominees for the main opposition Popular Democratic Party, said she disagreed with the ruling for holding partial voting this Sunday.

“Voters could have been confused by all the conflicting information that emerged from one moment to the next and lose the opportunity to vote for believing their school was closed,” she said.

Maite Oronoz, president of Puerto Rico’s Supreme Court, said in her opinion that there was no perfect solution to what she called an “embarrassment” that lacerated “beyond repair” the fundamental right to vote.

“Thousands of Puerto Ricans invested their time, risked their lives in the face of potential contagion of COVID-19, made arrangements at their jobs or homes, waited in lines under the sun, paid for transportation or mobilized on foot — more than once — to exercise their right to vote. Many even served as volunteers in the schools to guarantee the purity of the processes and the State Elections Commission failed them abysmally,” she wrote.

The ruling was a response to five lawsuits filed after voting occurred in only about 60 of Puerto Rico’s 110 precincts Sunday.

Three of the five lawsuits were filed by gubernatorial nominees who demanded that the votes already cast be tallied and made public. A fourth suit by Gov. Wanda Vázquez, who competed in her party’s primary, asked that a second round of voting be held at all voting centers that opened late. The fifth lawsuit was filed by a female voter represented by the American Civil Liberties Union.

The decision was cautiously celebrated by some voters, including Yadira Pizarro, a teacher who had stood outside a voting center for several hours before going home after being told it would not open.

“I hope the ballots make it,” she said, adding that she plans to go early to vote this Sunday. “If they’re not there by the time I arrive, I’m leaving and I’m not coming back.”

Electoral officials acknowledged after the voting debacle that the last remaining ballots didn’t arrive until Saturday night and that rental trucks carrying ballots and electronic voting machines didn’t go out until early Sunday, the day of the primary. The materials usually are delivered one or two days ahead of time.

Vázquez and the presidents of the island’s two main parties have demanded the resignation of the elections commission president, Juan Ernesto Dávila.

Dávila has said it would be irresponsible to do resign while the primaries are still unresolved and told The Associated Press that he does not believe it was a mistake to hold the primaries despite knowing things were running behind schedule. He blamed the delays on the pandemic, Tropical Storm Isaias and a last minute request from both parties for additional ballots.

“I want to urge the People of Puerto Rico to have confidence in our electoral system,” Dávila said in a statement after the ruling.

A federal control board overseeing Puerto Rico’s finances has authorized $1.27 million for the second round of votes, warning in a letter that “the efficiency in the use of these funds is paramount.”

Vázquez is competing against Pedro Pierluisi, a former justice secretary who represented Puerto Rico in Congress for eight years, for the gubernatorial nomination of the pro-statehood New Progressive Party. Pierluisi briefly served as governor last year after Gov. Ricardo Rosselló quit following huge protests over corruption and a profanity-laced chat that was leaked. But the island’s Supreme Court ruled Vázquez was constitutionally next in line as justice secretary since there was no secretary of state at the time.

In the the main opposition party’s primary, San Juan’s mayor faces Puerto Rico Sen. Eduardo Bhatia and Carlos Delgado, mayor of the northwest town of Isabela.
 

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AUGUST 16, 2020 / 5:03 PM / UPDATED 6 HOURS AGO
Families in rural Guatemala flee after armed group sets homes on fire

Sofia Menchu
3 MIN READ

GUATEMALA CITY (Reuters) - Forty indigenous families occupying farmland have fled their homes in north Guatemala after an armed group set fire to several residences, a land rights group said on Sunday.

The families belong to the Q’eqchi’ indigenous group and are former workers of the Cubilgüitz coffee farm laid off 15 years ago without full severance, Guatemala’s Committee of Peasant Unity (CUC) said.

Since then, they have demanded land as compensation and occupied part of the farm in protest, CUC representative Maria Josefa Macz said.

“Last night, the 40 families were forced to leave their homes, their belongings and residences were looted, similar to the 1980s,” the CUC said in a statement, referring to some of the bloodiest years of Guatemala’s Civil War when villages often were burned.

It was not clear who was behind the attack. However, a little over a year ago, another group of people began to occupy the land and intimidate the former workers, the CUC said.

Guatemala’s President Alejandro Giammattei said on Twitter he was concerned about the incident and authorities were investigating.

The indigenous families live on land belonging to Dorothee Dieseldorff, whose family founded the coffee brand Dieseldorff Kaffee.

“The phenomenon being experienced at present is a conflict between different groups of invaders of the farms, who are confronting one another,” the family said in a statement.
The statement also said the CUC’s description of the situation was false and slanderous, and that its farm was not involved in any current labor disputes.

The statement said its farm and three others in the Cubilgüitz area were occupied as early as March 2019 and as recently as April 2020.

The UN High Commission for Human Rights has raised alarm over an increase in killing of mainly indigenous rights defenders in Guatemala. In a report last year it counted 39 such killings in 2017 and 2018 combined.

A police report said the armed group threatened officers who attempted to enter the area on Saturday night, and noted that six homes were “completely burned”.

Reporting by Sofia Menchu, Writing by Daina Beth Solomon; Editing by Nick Zieminski and Edwina Gibbs
Our Standards:The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
 

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Luis Abinader sworn in as Dominican leader; Pompeo attends
August 16, 2020



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Dominican Republic's President Luis Abinader, speaks during his swearing-in ceremony while Vice President Raquel PeÒa, left, looks on in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, Sunday, Aug. 16, 2020. (Orlando Barria/Pool photo via AP)

SANTO DOMINGO, Dominican Republic (AP) — Luis Rodolfo Abinader was sworn in as president of the Dominican Republic on Sunday in a ceremony attended by U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo.

Abinader, a 53-year-old businessman who had never held elected office, was elected to a four-year term on July 5, ending a 16-year run in power by a center-left party. He finished second in the 2016 presidential election.

On Friday, the Trump administration only got support from the Dominican Republic when the 15-member U.N. Security Council resoundingly defeated a U.S. resolution to indefinitely extend the U.N. arms embargo on Iran.

“This election resounds as an example to other nations of the power of democracy and what is possible when countries prioritize the wishes of their people,” Pompeo tweeted after Abinader’s inauguration.

The elections in the Dominican Republic took place as the new coronavirus pandemic was sweeping across the Caribbean nation of some 10.5 million people. Abinader himself had spent weeks before the election in isolation following a positive test for the virus, and the vote itself had been postponed from May due to COVID-19, the disease caused by the virus.
 

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PetroCaribe scandal: Haiti court accuses officials of mismanaging $2 bln in aid
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Issued on: 18/08/2020 - 01:24
A man pushes an empty wheelbarrow as he walks along a street in Port-au-Prince, Haiti July 30, 2020.

A man pushes an empty wheelbarrow as he walks along a street in Port-au-Prince, Haiti July 30, 2020. © Andres Martinez Casares, Reuters
Text by:NEWS WIRES
2 min
Haiti's High Court of Auditors released a report Monday slamming the fraudulent and often illegal management by various ministers and administrations of nearly $2 billion in aid from Venezuela between 2008 and 2016.

The more than 1,000-page-long report details projects undertaken without a needs assessment or even a cost estimate.

"The investment projects and contracts related to the PetroCaribe fund were not managed in accordance with the principles of efficiency and economy," the court concluded in the report.
Set up at the initiative of former president Hugo Chavez, the PetroCaribe program allows multiple Latin American and Caribbean countries to benefit from Venezuelan loans under a system of preferential oil delivery.

With no accountability to Venezuela, the six successive Haitian administrations since 2008 have spent $2 billion on projects, for the most part without concern for basic public funds management, the report said.

The High Court of Auditors also condemned a lack of cooperation from institutions, which it said hindered its investigative work in two initial reports, published in January and May 2019.
For instance, the judges were unable to trace a single contract to build an industrial park and 1,500 houses outside Port-au-Prince -- the most ambitious public urban development project since the 2010 earthquake. The project ended in 2014.

But the court said Monday that more than $46 million were paid to a single company, Constructora ROFI SA, for the unfinished project. The company belongs to Dominican senator Felix Bautista, who was sanctioned for corruption by the United States Treasury Department in June 2018.

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Having been unable to consult the various contracts, the Court said it was unable to rule on the relevance of millions of dollars spent between 2012 and 2014 to strengthen the island nation's police force.

In their previous report on the PetroCaribe fund, the judges had condemned current Haitian president Jovenel Moise, who was accused of being at the heart of an embezzlement scheme before he took office.

Despite recommendations from the High Court of Auditors and popular protests organized since 2018, no prosecution has been brought against the dozens of former ministers and high-ranking officials involved in the PetroCaribe scandal.
(AFP)
 

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Tension with Washington helps fuel Turkey-Venezuela alliance
By CHRISTOPHER TORCHIAyesterday


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FILE - In this Dec. 3, 2018 file photo, Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan give a thumbs up as he embraces Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro during a ceremony at Miraflores presidential palace in Caracas, Venezuela, Monday, Dec. 3, 2018. The personal relationship between the leaders is warm, partly forged by mutual support during domestic attempts to force them from power. (AP Photo/Ariana Cubillos, File)

MEXICO CITY (AP) — At first glance, they seem like an odd couple.
Yet Turkey, a Mediterranean power that often chafes at what it calls Western interventionism, and Venezuela on the Caribbean, rich in oil and gold but in perpetual crisis and under U.S. sanctions, have a few things in common.

There is an economic relationship; the murkier aspects have attracted the scrutiny of the U.S. Treasury Department. There is solidarity in their anti-U.S. rhetoric, even if the United States is a key trading partner of Turkey. The personal relationship between the leaders of Venezuela and Turkey is warm, partly forged by mutual words of support during domestic attempts to force them from power.


The alliance was on display Tuesday when Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu visited Caracas to sign agreements and mark the 70th anniversary of diplomatic relations between the two countries.

“No sanctions, or blockade, or any type of situation will stop us from continuing to deepen our fundamental relationship and especially our economic and commercial relationship,” Venezuelan Foreign Minister Jorge Arreaza said in a joint news conference with Cavusoglu.

The Turkish diplomat, who visited the Dominican Republic and Haiti before arriving in Caracas, said his meetings in Venezuela focused on agriculture, construction, tourism, education and medical assistance. Despite the pandemic, the trade volume between Turkey and Venezuela tripled in the first six months of this year, compared to the same period in 2019, Cavusoglu said without giving a specific figure.

“We should keep going,” the Turkish foreign minister said. He told Arreaza that Turkish Airlines intended to be the first carrier to restart flights to Caracas “when you open your airport.”

Venezuela’s main international airport closed to commercial passenger traffic because of the pandemic, but the number of airlines operating there had dwindled for years as the country descended into crisis. The economy deteriorated, political conflict and human rights abuses escalated, millions fled Venezuela and U.S. sanctions virtually paralyzed its flagship but already ailing industry, oil.

Along with Russia and China, Turkey is among a small number of lifelines for Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro, who has fended off efforts by U.S.-backed opposition leader Juan Guaidó to oust him. The U.S. has made it increasingly hard for those countries to do business with Venezuela, last week seizing the cargo of four tankers for allegedly transporting Iranian fuel to Venezuela. Iran said the U.S. had no right to confiscate the shipment in international waters.



The U.S. Treasury Department has also expressed concern about Venezuelan gold that it says was flown to Turkey and the United Arab Emirates.

From early 2018, as foreign exchange reserves dried up, Venezuela started selling gold to pay contracts, including some for a food distribution network that was exploited in a corruption scheme allegedly run by Maduro associates, the department said.

A Turkey-based company run by Alex Saab, a Colombian businessman linked to Maduro’s circle, “purchased goods in Turkey on behalf of Venezuelan clients, marking up prices before being sold back to Venezuela,” the department said last year.

Saab was arrested in June in Cape Verde while on his way to Iran and is fighting extradition to the U.S. Maduro’s government said the businessman was on a “humanitarian mission” to Iran to buy food and medical supplies.

Maduro, who peppers speeches with socialist rhetoric, says U.S. pressure amounts to a coup attempt. His personal relationship with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan took off when he quickly expressed solidarity after Erdogan survived a coup attempt by part of the Turkish military in 2016. Erdogan returned the favor when Guaidó, his movement now idled, was campaigning strongly against Maduro.

Still, Turkey is operating within U.S. constraints. Last year, the major Turkish bank Ziraat stopped working with Venezuela’s central bank because of American sanctions.

“Hence, punitive measures by the United States that increase the cost of Turkey’s relations with Venezuela could potentially push Erdogan to scale back his support for Maduro,” even as he continues to criticize U.S. policy on Venezuela, wrote Imdat Oner, a former Turkish diplomat. In an analysis for the Washington-based Wilson Center, he described the relationship between Turkey and Venezuela as “an alliance of convenience.”
 

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AUGUST 20, 2020 / 6:16 AM / UPDATED 2 HOURS AGO
Haiti's schools re-open but many parents now can't afford them

Andre Paultre, Sarah Marsh
5 MIN READ

PORT-AU-PRINCE (Reuters) - Haiti’s school children missed class this year first due to months of violent unrest, then the coronavirus pandemic. Now, as schools are finally reopening, many parents can no longer afford it, raising the prospect hard-won gains in education could be lost.

The deadline to pay is next Monday. Without paying, I won’t be able to attend the class,” said Nickerla Etienne, 16, through streams of tears, after being sent home from her private school in the capital, Port-au-Prince, for failing to pay up.

While the pandemic has disrupted education worldwide, the situation is especially acute in Haiti, where just an estimated two-thirds of adults can read and write.

“We’ve never seen a crisis quite on this scale before,” said Beatrice Malebranche at United Nations children’s agency UNICEF in Haiti.

Virtual schooling has been impossible for most in the Caribbean country where more than half the population lives on less than $3 per day and has little internet and television access.

Meanwhile, given the weakness of the Haitian state, suffering from years of unrest and mismanagement, and still struggling to recover from a devastating 2010 earthquake, four out of five schools in the Caribbean nation are private.

And while fees are typically low, they have become unaffordable for many as the pandemic has worsened Haiti’s already dire economic plight.

Even families whose children have scored coveted places at public schools are struggling just to buy them stationery or decent shoes.

Outside of schooling, children risk entering the informal jobs sector, or worse, being drafted into Haiti’s gangs.

The education ministry has little firepower to tackle the problem, with it receiving 11% of the total budget down from 16%. The global average is 20% of total spending.

Spokesman Miloody Vincent told Reuters it would provide financial aid to at least 50,000 of the most vulnerable families, which will not go far in the country of 11 million.

The situation is a setback after Haiti hiked its primary school attendance rate to 84% from 76% over the last decade, said Malebranche.

NO MONEY FOR TEACHERS
While coronavirus has left Haiti relatively unscathed healthwise, the education ministry has mandated that staff and pupils wear masks. Schools must provide hand washing, even if it is just a bucket of water.

The government has also ordered the most overcrowded schools divide up classes to ensure physical distancing and rotate each in shifts of two to three days a week, raising concerns over the fact they would provide fewer lessons per child.

Yet directors of five private schools in low-income areas visited by Reuters said only around half of their pupils had returned so far. Overcrowding is no longer a problem - school finances are.



Slideshow (4 Images)
“I haven’t been able to pay teachers since March,” said Leonard Turenne, director of the Pierre Fermat secondary school. “The state promised us some financial aid but we haven’t received anything yet.”

TRADING CHALK FOR FIREARMS
Some already underfinanced schools will likely close, with teachers switching to other professions, experts say.

Etienne’s father, Jackson Dorceus, 53, used to be a teacher himself but in the 1990s switched to working as a bodyguard because his school had not paid him for a year.

Yet although he “traded chalk for firearms”, and his wife runs a parapharmacy, the economic situation is so bad they still cannot pay their daughter’s fees.

The unrest last year financially ruined many businesses which were unable to get back on their feet before coronavirus hit, while double-digit inflation is ravaging household incomes and remittances are falling.

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“Most our clients owe us money,” said Dorceus, standing outside their corrugated iron one-room house. Like many parents, he said he would seek to negotiate the fees with the school, or failing that ask for church alms.

Some parents who cannot afford to send their children to school now might send them next year - a practise that explains why so many Haitians are well into their twenties before they graduate high school.

The risk though is the parents might never afford it.

Etienne, an eager student, dreams of becoming an air stewardess. For the time being though, she must content herself with selling popcorn from the front porch of her parents’ shop.

Reporting by Andre Paultre in Port-au-Prince and Sarah Marsh in Havana; Editing by Lisa Shumaker
Our Standards:The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
 

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Ex-official says former Mexico president directed corruption
By RAFAEL CABRERA2 minutes ago


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FILE - In this Aug. 17, 2017 file photo, Emilio Lozoya, former head of Mexico's state-owned oil company Pemex, gives a press conference in Mexico City. Lozoya, who was arrested in February 2020 by Spanish police on an international warrant issued by Mexico, has dropped his extradition fight and agreed to return to Mexico to cooperate in corruption investigations, according to Attorney General Alejandro Gertz Manero on Tuesday, June 30, 2020. (AP Photo/Gustavo Martinez Contreras, File)

MEXICO CITY (AP) — In some of the most explosive accusations in recent Mexican political history, the former head of the state-owned oil company directly accused former President Enrique Peña Nieto and his treasury secretary of directing a scheme of kickbacks and embezzlement directly from the president’s office.

Emilio Lozoya, the former head of Petroleos Mexicanos who himself faces corruption charges, alleges Peña Nieto and Luis Videgaray used the state-owned Pemex as a conduit to “fulfill promises made during the (2012) campaign,” among other allegations he makes in a leaked 60-page document whose authenticity was confirmed by Mexican authorities Wednesday.



“Enrique Peña Nieto and Luis Videgaray Caso created a scheme of corruption in the federal government, in which the common denominator was that all the people who supported in some way the presidential campaign had to be recompensed or repaid,” usually in the form of cushy government contracts, Lozoya wrote.

Lozoya also accused Peña Nieto and Videgaray of extortion, fraud and embezzlement.
“The president and the aforementioned treasury secretary used me to create a criminal conspiracy aimed at enriching themselves, not only by (taking) government funds, but also by extorting money from individuals and companies, fraud and deceit,” he wrote.

The Associated Press obtained a copy of Lozoya’s testimony, and its authenticity was confirmed first by two people with knowledge of the investigation and then by the federal Attorney General’s Office.

Lozoya was captured in southern Spain in February and extradited to Mexico in July to face charges he took over $4 million in bribes from Brazilian construction giant Odebrecht. But Mexican prosecutors announced they had reached an agreement with Lozoya in which he could avoid jail in return for testifying about corruption in Peña Nieto’s 2012-2018 administration.

Lozoya worked as international relations coordinator of Peña Nieto’s campaign in 2012, and he told investigators the bribes paid by Odebrecht to Mexican officials were aimed at not only winning more lucrative public works contracts for the construction giant, but also at influencing Mexico’s planned sweeping energy reform, enacted once Peña Nieto was in office.

Lozoya’ said his job on the campaign was to obtain funding from foreign companies that could be used to pay foreign and Mexican consultants and to help position Peña Nieto’s image internationally.

In early 2012, Videgaray, who was Peña Nieto’s campaign manager, allegedly told Lozoya to request $6 million from Odebrecht and tell the company it would be rewarded when Peña Nieto won. Part of that reward would presumably be the openings for private companies contained in the 2013 energy reform of the state-controlled sector.


“As part of the approval of the Pact for Mexico reforms, Enrique Pena Nieto and Luis Videgaray Caso told me in February 2013 that large quantities of money would have to be paid to the opposition so that they would vote in favor of certain structural reforms of interest for President Enrique Pena Nieto,” Lozoya wrote. The cash was to be distributed in transparent plastic bags, so the politicians could see the bills, and in fact a video leaked earlier this week appeared to show one such transaction.

Lozoya named at least a dozen leading opposition figures as participating in bribes, including the 2018 presidential candidate of Peña Nieto’s party, José Antonio Meade, who had enjoyed a friendly relationship with López Obrador. Lozoya said about $300,000 was given to Meade and other politicians.

Meade wrote in his Twitter account Wednesday: “I will not contribute to media scandals. ... I have devoted my public life to building a better country, always with absolute honor and legality.”

The opposition politicians mentioned by Lozoya include a half dozen former senators, among them the current governor of the border state of Tamaulipas, Francisco García Cabeza de Vaca. Lozoya also accused then-congressman Ricardo Anaya, who went on to become the 2018 presidential candidate for the conservative National Action Party, and other leading National Action figures.

Lozoya said former President Carlos Salinas de Gortari also participated, allegedly acting on behalf of National Action, known as the PAN, though the ex-president was a member of Peña Nieto’s Institutional Revolutionary Party. Lozoya wrote that “the attitude of the PAN members in obtaining resources (money) was brutal,” and that the party’s members received about $4 million in bribes from one company.

There has been wide speculation the case would tar opponents of current President Andrés Manuel López Obrador, who has termed the case a “historic” step in his fight against corruption.

National Action responded in a statement Wednesday that “Emilio Lozoya is a strategic ally of the president to denigrate the PAN, because it is an alternative to the failure” of López Obrador’s policies.

“Regarding the leaked testimony, we repeat our stance: If there is compelling evidence, we will take compelling action,” the party stated, a reference to previous promises to expel any member caught in acts of corruption.

Neither Videgaray nor his assistant at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have responded to emails seeking comment. Peña Nieto’s former chief of staff also did not respond. The Tamaulipas governor, García Cabeza de Vaca, did not respond to an email seeking comment.

Lozoya said Peña Nieto and Videgaray personally questioned him about a deal to buy an outdated fertilizer plant at an excessive price from one private company, asking him in a meeting at the president’s office in 2013 “why is it taking so long.”

He said the two were particularly interested in the deal and that Videgaray rushed through a review of the deal and told him not to worry about the price being paid, which ended up being several times the plant’s real value. Lozoya said he was “surprised” by their level of interest in the deal, and said Peña Nieto and Videgaray negotiated the purchase with the plant’s owner.

“It was evident that Luis Videgaray Caso had a personal interest in getting the deal done, either because he would obtain some possible illicit benefit, or to pay off favors from the past.”

It was an apparent attempt by Lozoya to shift the blame from himself.
According to charges filed against Lozoya earlier this year, the Mexican firm, Altos Hornos de Mexico, sold the overpriced old fertilizer plant to Pemex after allegedly paying Lozoya around $3.4 million in bribes 2012. According to prosecutors, the money went though accounts controlled by Lozoya and his sister, and they used most of it to buy a house in an upscale neighborhood in the capital.

In the testimony, Lozoya claimed he was “intimidated” into signing off on the purchase of the fertilizer plant, known as Agronitrogenados, by the president and Videgaray.

“Luis Videgaray Caso took over leadership of the decisions regarding the purchase of Agronitrogenados, arguing, and I quote ‘This is the president’s business, you just do what you are told. I speak for him.’”

Lozoya even suggested the bribery and kickback scheme was meant to finance future campaigns by the Institutional Revolutionary Party, which governed Mexico for 70 years in the 20th century and returned to power in 2012 after a 12-year absence.

“Sometimes they (businessmen) had to give money back after the deals to benefit future PRI electoral campaigns, or for the personal benefit of Enrique Peña Nieto and Luis Videgaray Caso,” according to the document.
___
Associated Press writers Mark Stevenson, E. Eduardo Castillo and Christopher Sherman contributed to this report.
 

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At Least 13 Killed In Peru Nightclub Stampede Triggered By Police 'Social Distancing' Raid
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by Tyler Durden
Sun, 08/23/2020 - 10:10
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In an example of COVID-19-related law enforcement gone horribly awry, 13 people were killed in a deadly stampede, as patrons tried to flee a surprise police raid on a crowded Lima, Peru nightclub on Saturday night.
At least 6 people were seriously injured, including 3 cops.

Orlando Velasco Mujica, general of the Peruvian National Police Police, told CNN that police were summoned to the Thomas Restobar in the Los Olivos district of Lima, Peru's capital city, on Saturday evening. They were ordered to shut down an illegal party, where officials believed more than 120 people were in attendance.

Peru is struggling with one of Latin America's deadliest and most devastating outbreaks. Strict docial distancing measures have been mandated nationwide, along with a 10 pm curfew in an effort to slow the virus's spread.
Despite taking strict preventative measures early on, Peru has racked up more than 576,000 cases, and more than 27,000 deaths, according to JHU. The country has Latin America's second-highest infection rate.


Peru ordered the closure of nightclubs and bars back in March, and banned extended family gatherings on Aug. 12.

According to an official statement delivered to CNN, the Ministry of the Interior reported that the police did not use "any type of weapon or tear gas to clear the premises." When people began to flee the 2nd floor venue, they were crushed on the steep stairs.

Already, 23 people have been arrested, and officials are looking to hold the owners of the nightclub responsible.
 

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Twin hurricanes head for US after deadly storm hits Haiti, Dominican Republic
Issued on: 24/08/2020 - 04:02
People cross a flooded street during the passage of Tropical Storm Laura, in Port-au-Prince, Haiti August 23, 2020.

People cross a flooded street during the passage of Tropical Storm Laura, in Port-au-Prince, Haiti August 23, 2020. © REUTERS/Andres Martinez Casares
Text by:NEWS WIRES
3 min
Two hurricanes are expected to slam into the US Gulf Coast in the coming days, forecasters said Sunday, as Tropical Storm Laura killed at least 12 people when it struck Haiti and the Dominican Republic.

US media said twin hurricanes were unprecedented in the Gulf of Mexico since records began 150 years ago.

Tropical Storm Marco strengthened into a hurricane with winds of 75 miles (120 kilometers) per hour, and is forecast to hit the state of Louisiana on Monday.

Tropical Storm Laura hammered Haiti and the Dominican Republic with heavy rain, killing at least 12 people -- 9 in Haiti and three in the Dominican Republic.

It was set to become a hurricane on Tuesday that could hit the US coastal region on Wednesday.

Energy companies have suspended some oil and natural gas production in the Gulf as the weather deteriorates.

The US National Hurricane Center said Storm Laura was "bringing torrential rainfall and life-threatening flooding" to Haiti, which shares Hispaniola island with the Dominican Republic.
The storm killed three people in the Dominican Republic's capital Santo Domingo, said Juan Manuel Mendez, head of the country's Center of Emergency Operations.

A woman and a child died at home, while a young man died when a tree fell on his home, Mendez said.

The storm has flooded houses, cut off remote villages and left more than one million Dominicans in the dark, Mendez added.
In neighboring Haiti, a 10-year-old girl was among the nine dead, authorities said. They said some homes were flooded and evacuations were underway.

Flooded homes
With brown water up to their knees, some residents tried to save what they could from their flooded homes, while street traders saw their goods washed away.

"I didn't know there was bad weather forecast. We don't often have electricity in my neighborhood so I couldn't follow the news on the radio," said Sony Joseph, trembling with cold.

The Atlantic storm season, which runs through November, could be one of the busiest ever this year, with the Hurricane Center predicting as many as 25 named storms. Laura is the 12th so far.

Haiti, a country of 11 million, has seen a relatively low incidence of COVID-19 -- with just over 8,000 cases and around 200 deaths to date -- but authorities urged caution to prevent further spread in the aftermath of Storm Laura.

"Wear your masks and respect distances, especially in temporary shelters," Interior Minister Audain Fils Bernadel said at a briefing Saturday. "With COVID, we have considerably less capacity in our shelters."

Take international news everywhere with you! Download the France 24 app
Storms pose a serious risk to Haiti every year from June to November. Even a heavy rainfall can threaten the country's poorest residents, many of them living in at-risk zones, near canals or ravines that can be obstructed by debris and quickly overflow.

The Miami-based Hurricane Center said on Sunday that "a slightly stronger Laura was just south of eastern Cuba" after sending "life-threatening flash flooding likely over the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Cuba and Jamaica."

Marco was expected to bring "life-threatening storm surges and hurricane force winds" to parts of the US Gulf coast on Monday and Tuesday, the NHC warned.
(AFP)
 

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AUGUST 24, 2020 / 5:14 PM / UPDATED 2 HOURS AGO
Long delays at U.S.-Mexico border crossings after new travel restrictions

Jose Luis Gonzalez
3 MIN READ

CIUDAD JUAREZ, Mexico - Americans who regularly cross the border from Mexico reported long wait times to re-enter the United States on Monday after U.S. officials imposed new COVID-19-related restrictions on cross-border travel by U.S. citizens and permanent residents.

The U.S. government closed lanes at select ports of entry on the border and began conducting more secondary checks to limit non-essential travel and slow the spread of the novel coronavirus, a U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) said on Friday.

According to CBP data, wait times at some border crossings have since doubled or tripled. Many crossing points now have only one or two lanes of traffic open. On Monday, border-crossers reported up to 5-6 hour wait times.

Jess Herr, 30, a U.S. citizen who lives in the Mexican border city of Tijuana and works at a restaurant in San Diego in southern California, said she usually wakes up at 4 a.m. and crosses by car in about an hour to make her shift. When she saw the long line of cars on Monday, she decided to cross by foot, although she still had to wait five hours to cross the border.


At the Cordoba bridge joining the Mexican city of Ciudad Juarez with El Paso in Texas, only two lanes were open to motorists. Border-crossers who usually waited about 45 minutes told Reuters they had waited more than three hours to cross, and some were late for work.

Melissa Reyes, general manager for Border Partners, a nonprofit organization, said she had waited 4-1/2 hours to cross the border back into the United States over the weekend after going to Puerto Palomas in Mexico to do some shopping. Normally the wait time would be 15-20 minutes.

The new restrictions announced last week would prove challenging for people who live lives that span both sides of the border, she said. “It’s gonna be pretty devastating,” she said.

The U.S.-Mexican border is the world’s busiest land border.


Before coronavirus restrictions at the border began in March, over 950,000 people entered the United States from Mexico on foot or in cars on a typical day.

U.S. President Donald Trump has implemented a series of sweeping policies to curb legal and illegal immigration in recent months, saying the moves are necessary to limit the spread of the coronavirus or preserve jobs for American workers.

In March, the United States, Mexico and Canada agreed to bar non-essential travel across their shared borders, but the restrictions still allowed U.S. citizens and permanent residents to return to the United States.

Reporting by Jose Luis Gonzalez in Ciudad Juarez, Additional reporting by Mimi Dwyer in Los Angeles, Lizbeth Diaz in Mexico City, and Julio-Cesar Chavez in Washington, Editing by Ross Colvin and Alistair Bell
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Venezuela 1st lady’s nephew takes drug case to Supreme Court
By JOSHUA GOODMANtoday



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FILE - In this Dec. 14, 2017 court room art, defendants Efrain Campo, center left, and Francisco Flores, center right, nephews of Venezuela's first lady Cilia Flores, listen to proceedings during their sentencing hearing at federal court in New York. Flores and his cousin, Campo, were found guilty in 2016 in a highly charged case that cast a hard look at U.S. accusations of drug trafficking at the highest levels of embattled President Nicolas Maduro’s socialist administration. In a petition posted Tuesday, Aug. 25, 2020, on the Supreme Court's docket, attorneys for Flores argued that jury was misled when they were told by a Manhattan federal judge that the men should've known the cocaine was bound for the U.S., a requirement for conviction under U.S. law. (Elizabeth Williams via AP File)

MIAMI (AP) — A nephew of Venezuela’s first lady appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court an 18-year sentence for conspiring to smuggle 800 kilograms of cocaine into the U.S.

Francisco Flores and his cousin, Efrain Campo, were found guilty in 2016 in a highly charged case that cast a hard look at U.S. accusations of drug trafficking at the highest levels of President Nicolás Maduro’s socialist administration. In March, prosecutors charged Maduro himself with leading an alleged “narco-terrorist” conspiracy that flooded the U.S. with 250 metric tons of cocaine a year.


In a petition posted Tuesday on the Supreme Court’s docket, attorneys for Flores argued that jury was misled when they were told by a Manhattan federal judge that the men should’ve known the cocaine was bound for the U.S. — a requirement for conviction under U.S. law.

According to the petition, the two men at no moment in wiretapped recordings can be heard even inquiring about the final destination of the Honduras-bound shipment they were negotiating with informants working under the supervision of the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration. When the informants inserted on 13 recorded instances general references to drug trafficking in the U.S., the men remained silent or reacted with vague and inaudible responses, according to the petition.

“The only evidence cited with respect to Flores’s supposed deliberate avoidance of knowledge was that he and Campo remained effectively silent—i.e. did not seek confirmation or clarification—when the DEA informants dropped their various oblique hints,” according to the petition, which was prepared by New York-based attorneys with the firm Sidley.

Campo and Flores were arrested in Haiti in a DEA sting in 2015 and immediately removed to New York to face trial. They were lured to the Caribbean island with the promise of an $11 million advance from a wheelchair-bound trafficker they met in Honduras named “El Sentado” — the seated one — who unbeknownst to them was a DEA informant.

A meeting in Caracas followed, in which a sample of the narcotic was produced. But no drugs were seized when they were arrested at a restaurant near the airport in Port-au-Prince shortly after arriving in a private jet from Caracas.


Lawyers for Campo and Flores argued at their two-week trial that no drugs traded hands and the men never intended to deliver any. Prosecutors’ star witness, Jose Santos-Pena, was a DEA informant who was later found to have lied to his handlers.

It’s not clear who is paying Flores’ legal fee. Michael Levy, a lawyer at Austin, declined to comment. But in the lower court trial, his legal bill was flipped by Wilmer Ruperti, a Venezuelan shipping magnate close to Maduro’s government.

Flores, who Maduro calls the “First Combatant,” is one of the most-powerful members of Venezuela’s revolutionary government and a constant presence alongside her husband whenever he appears in public. The two have made almost no mention of their loved ones’ conviction in the U.S.

Follow Goodman on Twitter: @APJoshGoodman


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AUGUST 26, 2020 / 8:28 AM / UPDATED A DAY AGO
'We don't see it': Mexican TV series spotlights trafficking in plain sight

Christine Murray
4 MIN READ

MEXICO CITY (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - The creators of a documentary series about human trafficking in Mexico hope the TV show will educate the public about the abuse of workers in plain sight - be it cleaners or farm laborers.

The eight-part public television series ‘The Route of Human Trafficking’ tells the stories of survivors - most of whom are kept anonymous - and explores the root causes and drivers of labor and sexual exploitation.

“(Human trafficking) is there in broad daylight ... and we don’t see it ... maybe because it’s so obvious,” co-director and producer Hector Ortega told the Thomson Reuters Foundation.
The National Human Rights Commission (CNDH) has said there may be between 50,000 and 500,000 trafficking victims in Mexico - from sexual exploitation to forced labor - but academics say the real number is hard to pin down with concrete data lacking.

Human trafficking takes several forms in Mexico, from girls forced into prostitution to domestic workers in slave-like conditions and young men coerced into working for drug cartels.

The creators of the show said they decided against covering trafficking by organized crime groups because they thought it was too risky for themselves, the survivors and the specialists.

Co-director and producer Marilu Rasso said she wanted the audience to reflect on why and how cases of human trafficking occurred, rather than just focus on the nature of the abuse.

Precariousness makes exploitation and trafficking possible, the thought that there are ... people who somehow are worth less or are just there to produce,” said Rasso, who also runs a shelter for female victims of violence.

In one episode of the show - which first aired last month and runs until September - activists explain how agricultural laborers migrate from poorer parts of Mexico through a murky system of brokers and are mistreated, threatened and underpaid.

Rasso and Ortega said they had already been aware of the terrible conditions many farm workers suffered, but were surprised by the severity after interviewing some victims.

“We need to put up a big reflector to realize that what we’re so used to living is violence and that it allows something as cruel as human trafficking,” Rasso said.

The pair said opportunities for financing hard-hitting documentaries in Mexico were scarce but that they had managed to secure public funding after being rejected by big broadcasters.

From Bollywood to Hollywood, film and TV portrayals of human trafficking are often criticized for oversimplifying or sensationalizing the issue and miseducating viewers about a trade that has an estimated 25 million victims worldwide.

Yet Yuriria Alvarez, who used to run the CNDH’s anti-trafficking program, said the series showed how issues from sexism to discrimination fueled human trafficking in Mexico.

“Unlike other projects that usually just show you something super victimized or myths ... (the show) paints a picture of all the violence beforehand,” said Alvarez, who advised Ortega and Rasso. “Human trafficking doesn’t happen in a vacuum.”

Reporting by Christine Murray; Editing by Kieran Guilbert Please credit the Thomson Reuters Foundation, the charitable arm of Thomson Reuters, that covers the lives of people around the world who struggle to live freely or fairly. Visit News Home | Thomson Reuters Foundation News
Our Standards:The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
 

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Venezuelans fight virus in secret to avoid isolation centers
By FABIOLA SANCHEZyesterday


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FILE - In this March 18, 2020 file photo, people protective face masks and plastic gloves walk through a decontamination chamber as a preventive measure against the spread of the new coronavirus, before entering a food market in Caracas, Venezuela. Many Venezuelans are balking at getting tested for the new coronavirus for fear of being locked up in mandatory isolation centers if they're found to be infected. (AP Photo/Ariana Cubillos, File)

CARACAS, Venezuela (AP) — Velacio Vicuña began to cough incessantly and felt feverish.
But the tire salesman avoided getting a test for the new coronavirus, fearing that if it was positive, soldiers would take him from his home and force him to stay at one of the mandatory isolation centers that the Venezuelan government has set up for people with COVID-19.

The notorious conditions at those centers, which include hospitals, repurposed gyms and abandoned hotels, have prompted many people who experience symptoms to avoid testing, analysts say. That’s making it harder to contain the virus in a country where the health system has already been damaged by years of shortages and mismanagement.

Dr. Jose Manuel Olivares, a physician and opposition congressman, described the mandatory centers as a “repressive measure” copied from China — though without China’s resources — that has failed to contain outbreaks in Venezuela. The number of officially reported COVID-19 infections has doubled over the past month to nearly 42,000, with 351 deaths. Independent experts say the real numbers are far higher.

Those confined in the isolation centers complain of filthy conditions, sparse food and being trapped for weeks at a time.

Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro acknowledged recently in a televised speech that they “terrify” people, but defended them.

He posted a government-produced video on his Twitter feed in which a woman said that she contracted the virus but got better at one of the isolation centers. “If you present symptoms go quickly to your nearest health center” Maduro tweeted. “If you act early everything is possible.”

Vicuña, however, resisted.
The 63-year-old had felt sick for six days and was having difficulty breathing before he finally felt compelled to go a health center in late July.

But there was no way to treat him in his hometown of Cabimas — a city of more than 250,000 people — so he was taken by ambulance to a hospital in Maracaibo, an hour’s drive away.
Vicuña’s relatives say that upon arriving at the University Hospital in Maracaibo, he had to wait for hours in a lobby where dozens of people infected with the virus slept on metallic chairs or on the floor.

Vicuña was eventually given a hospital bed, though he had to share an oxygen tank with other patients because there were not enough for everyone.

His relatives said two people died in the room while he was there, and their bodies were not picked up for hours. Frightened, Vicuña fled from the hospital, evading soldiers guarding its entrance.


Without money or a phone, Vicuña walked for several blocks, despite his breathing problems, until he managed to hitch a ride back to Cabimas.

Relatives decided not to send him back to the hospital. Instead, they gave him over-the-counter drugs and an oxygen tank and he was cared for by an aunt who is a nurse, said his nephew, Esteban Vicuña.

“Going into a public hospital is like facing the guillotine, especially nowadays with the coronavirus” the nephew said. “And private hospitals are very expensive.”
After four days at home, Vicuña died from pneumonia and respiratory failure on Aug. 2, according to his death certificate.

Doctors didn’t want to come to the home for fear of contagion, so relatives wrapped Vicuña’s body in sheets and plastic bags, loaded it on a cart pulled by a motorcycle and took it to a hospital so they could get that certificate and he could be buried.

Some didn’t have a choice of whether to get a test.

A 20-year-old employee of an accounting firm said a person on his street fell ill and officials gave quick antibody tests to 24 neighbors. He was one of 16 whose results were positive. They were taken to a hotel guarded by soldiers and threatened with arrest if they didn’t comply, according to the man, who spoke on condition of anonymity for fear of reprisals.

Antibody tests are meant to detect prior infections. To check for active virus, they were then given swab tests. For the young man, that meant a 10-day wait. And because it was positive, he continued to be held despite showing no symptoms.

Speaking by phone from the room, he said he arrived to find trash on the floor. “The sheets and pillows on my bed were so old and dirty they looked brown,” he said, and complained of meager food. Even the lightbulbs didn’t work.

A hospital worker who fell ill in June said she asked a doctor to give her a coronavirus test, but he urged against it, noting that if it was positive, she would be taken from her home and separated from her 14-year-old daughter. The doctor told her to go home and call him if she had complications.

“God protected me” she said. She stayed home, telling her bosses she had complications related to her pregnancy.

For more than week, she suffered headaches, a heavy cough and fever. Her daughter also fell ill, though her symptoms weren’t as severe. Still, the woman, who asked that he name not be used for fear of losing her job, she said she was glad to have avoided the isolation centers.

She said that a friend in the military spent 14 days at one of the centers after testing positive. “He was hungry most of the time because of terrible food,” she said, and was also very cold, because he had to sleep in a hospital robe and was not allowed to use his clothes.”



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Ecuador’s blooming flower industry feels pandemic’s punch
By GONZALO SOLANOyesterday



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Women harvest flowers at Quito Inor Flowers, in Lasso, Ecuador, Tuesday, Aug. 25, 2020. Demand for Ecuador's prized flowers has struggled to rebound after plummeting earlier this year due to the new coronavirus pandemic, and remains at just 70% the normal rate, according to the Ecuadorian Flower Growers and Exporters Association.(AP Photo/Dolores Ochoa)

QUITO, Ecuador (AP) — Flower growers in Ecuador are trimming back their fields, cutting plants at the root and in some cases tossing out piles of colorful blooms entirely as the pandemic delivers a devastating blow to one of the nation’s biggest export industries.
Demand for the small South American country’s prized flowers has struggled to rebound after plummeting earlier this year – and remains at just 70% the normal rate, according to the Ecuadorian Flower Growers and Exporters Association.

Over 10,000 jobs have been cut and more than $130 million in revenue lost.
“It’s a critical situation,” said Alejandro Martínez, executive president of the association. “The worst blow the Ecuadorian flower industry has ever experienced.”

The setback follows a turbulent 2019 marked by nearly two weeks of deadly social unrest over the elimination of a fuel subsidy that shut down much of the country and led to $45 million in losses for the flower sector.

Ecuador is the world’s biggest producer of roses and prized for its favorable equatorial climate and optimal soil conditions that allow for a bevy of floral varieties. Cut flowers are the nation’s fourth largest non-petroleum export and tallied $400 million in sales last year, according to the Central Bank.

More than half of all revenue is generated during two big holidays: Valentine’s Day and Mother’s Day. Both dates coincided with the onset of lockdowns in various parts of the world that sent sales sliding. Ecuador’s flower growers sold just 40% of what they do typically, according to the flower growers association.

And while neighboring Colombia – the world’s second-largest flower exporter – has managed to recover thanks to steady U.S. and European supermarket sales, Ecuador hasn’t experienced the same good fortune. Its flower sales are highly dependent on large-scale events like weddings and conventions that haven’t yet sprung back.

In response, plantations in Ecuador are taking drastic measures. One large grower, Klaus Grestzer of Ecuagarden, estimates most businesses have thrown out over 50% of their flowers since March. Overall, growing fields have been trimmed back about 17%, according to Martinez. Some companies are trimming flowers to the root so that they don’t blossom for 18 months.

“It seems we are going to get stuck at 70% exportation to the 120 usual destinations,” he said.

Colombia, by contrast, is back up to about 90% of normal export levels, according to the Colombian Association of Flower Exporters. Like Ecuador, the nation saw a severe decline in March and April, months when growers were forced to destroy tons of flowers and turn them into compost. But around Mother’s Day, demand crawled back up and companies went back to work with new biosecurity protocols.

Association President Augusto Solano said despite the hardship, the pandemic has, if anything, amplified appreciation of flowers.

“In Colombia and throughout the world, people have begun valuing the benefits of flowers,” he said. “They give energy, tranquility and help reduce stress.”

Nonetheless, small local vendors are still feeling the pain.

Sonia Raga, 41, owns a flower shop in Bogota and says her sales are down 70%. She hasn’t paid her rent in two months and had to let go of three of her four employees. Though she’s now selling through online platforms, she said the city’s strict lockdown has decimated her business.

The dire situation has forced her to contemplate selling flowers on the street like many of the informal vendors circulating the city.

“I’ve been a flower professional my whole life,” she said. “I have no other economic activity.”
Armando Morales, the owner of a small flower farm in northern Ecuador, is one of the nation’s few growers to see a boost in recent months. The roses he cultivates on his 3 hectares (7.4 acres) found an unexpected market in Russia.

“Most farms closed or lowered their production,” he said. “But being a small farm, we did not reduce staff or sacrifice production, which allowed us to jump in and meet the unexpected demand.”



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Prominent lawyer in Haiti is shot and killed at his home
By EVENS SANONyesterday


PORT-AU-PRINCE, Haiti (AP) — A prominent lawyer in Haiti was shot and killed at his home, police said Saturday.

Monferrier Dorval, head of the bar association in the capital, Port-au-Prince, was attacked on Friday night, police spokesman Garry Desrosiers said. He said an investigation was underway.
Haitian President Jovenel Moïse denounced the killing, saying on Twitter that it was a “great loss for the country.”

Prime Minister Joseph Jouthe said Dorval’s killing followed attacks on other Haitian citizens in recent days and that authorities will work to bring the perpetrators to justice.
 

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Pandemic's effect

Pandemic’s effect on remittances to Latin America varied
By CHRISTOPHER SHERMANyesterday


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A flower crown vendor waits in her boat for revelers passing in colorfully painted wooden boats known as trajineras at the Nuevo Nativitas dock, as it opens once again to tourists and revelers amidst the ongoing new coronavirus pandemic, the Xochimilco borough of Mexico City, Friday, Aug. 21, 2020. Though traffic was light on the first day back after being closed for several months, gondoliers, handicraft sellers, and food and drink vendors said they were happy to be back at work and to have the chance to earn some money. (AP Photo/Rebecca Blackwell)

MEXICO CITY (AP) — As the COVID-19 pandemic froze the United States economy, not all Latin American immigrants living there were affected equally, a look at the money they sent back to their birthplaces reveals.

While remittances for the first six months of 2020 were lower than the same period in 2019 for Colombia, El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras, they were up for Mexico and the Dominican Republic, according to an analysis of central bank data by the Washington-based Pew Research Center published Monday.

The six nations included in the analysis are the birthplaces of about eight of 10 Latino immigrants living in the United States and receive the vast majority of their remittances from the U.S. All six countries had set record highs for the money they sent home in 2019, receiving $71.5 billion, according to the report.


Mexico stands out for recording a 10.6% increase in the money it received during the first six months of the year, despite the pandemic. At the other end of the spectrum is El Salvador, which received 8% less.

Mark Hugo Lopez, Pew’s director of Global Migration and Demography Research, said there likely isn’t one explanation for the discrepancy.

Mexico benefited from an exchange rate that makes the dollar go farther while El Salvador uses the dollar for its currency. There are not huge differences in the occupations of the immigrants from the two countries. Geography could be factor: Salvadoran immigrants are concentrated in California, Texas and around Washington, D.C., while Mexicans are more broadly settled in California, Texas, Georgia and throughout the Midwest, he said.

Lopez also noted that a higher percentage of Mexican immigrants have lived in the U.S. longer than 16 years. Others have suggested that the larger population of Mexicans living legally in the U.S. could have made them more resilient as the economy tanked.

On Monday, Mexico President Andrés Manuel López Obrador said money sent by Mexicans living in the United States would be a critical factor in Mexico’s economic recovery.

“In spite of the pandemic in the United States and also the collapse of the United States economy, remittances that our countrymen send to their relatives have increased and that reaches 10 million families,” the president said.

The decline in remittances to El Salvador, as well as Guatemala and Honduras, in the first six months of the year could signal that once the U.S. border closure under health provisions is lifted, high levels of immigration could resume. Many families depend on the money sent home from their relatives to make ends meet.

In El Salvador and Honduras, remittances made up more than 20% of gross domestic product last year, according to the report.

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Colombia: High court drops jurisdiction of Álvaro Uribe case
yesterday



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FILE - In this Oct. 8, 2019 file photo, senator and former president Alvaro Uribe arrives to the Supreme Court for questioning in an investigation for witness tampering charges in Bogota, Colombia. Uribe announced his resignation from the Senate Tuesday, Aug. 18, 2020, while he is investigated by the Supreme Court for possible witness tampering in a case that has polarized the nation. (AP Photo/Ivan Valencia, File)

BOGOTA, Colombia (AP) — Colombia’s Supreme Court announced Tuesday that it will no longer have jurisdiction over the investigation into accusations that powerful former President Álvaro Uribe tried to strong arm ex-paramilitaries into testifying in his favor in a case that has rocked the nation.

The court said the justices do not believe the allegations are connected to Uribe’s position as a senator, so they unanimously decided to turn the case over to the chief prosecutor’s office.
The case is considered a key test for the judicial system in Colombia, which has struggled to combat high levels of impunity and in recent weeks has been besieged by Uribe supporters who contend the Supreme Court is biased.

The high court had astonished Colombians in August when it ordered Uribe under house arrest while advancing the investigation into accusations that he pressured witnesses into retracting statements indicating he had ties to paramilitaries.

Since then, Uribe’s political allies, including U.S. Vice President Mike Pence, have denounced the court’s decision and called on him to be freed. Uribe’s son has hired a Washington-based lobbyist organization, DCI Group, through a Medellin-based company at $40,000 a month to promote the ex-president’s cause.

By law, the Supreme Court is responsible for handling any legal probes involving elected officials. Uribe resigned his Senate seat two weeks after being ordered under house arrest. His lawyer argued the Supreme Court therefore lost jurisdiction.

The court’s members issued a statement Tuesday saying they had determined Uribe’s case involved “an investigation without relation to his position as a congressman.”

The chief prosecutor’s office should, at least in theory, be able to resume the investigation where the Supreme Court left off, but there might be additional issues to resolve first.
Iván Cepeda, the opposition lawmaker whose accusations instigated the legal ordeal, is considering asking the chief prosecutor to be recused from the case.

“It’s evident that the chief prosecutor has a close relationship with (current) President (Ivan) Duque, the national government and ex-President Uribe,” Cepeda told Colombia’s BLU Radio.
Uribe’s defense team, meanwhile, could possibly try to have the investigation restarted from the beginning, instead of carrying on by using testimony and information already gathered.

The witness tampering case is one of several investigations involving Uribe currently before the Supreme Court. The politician, who is considered one of the most important political figures in Colombia’s recent history, had also been asked to testify before the high court in connection with three massacres and the death of a rights activist during Colombia’s five-decade civil conflict.

The Supreme Court’s jurisdiction of those cases will also likely be reviewed.
Uribe has long been dogged by accusations of ties to paramilitaries, militias that were formed by landowners during Colombia’s conflict to extinguish guerrilla threats but which also engaged in brutal violence against civilians.

A previously classified memo obtained the National Security Archive shows that one top Pentagon deputy believed Uribe “almost certainly” had dealings with paramilitaries.

The 1,554-page Supreme Court decision on Uribe’s house arrest included transcripts from numerous intercepted calls showing that the ex-president was directly involved in efforts by his lawyer to obtain testimony from jailed militants in his favor.

Uribe has vehemently denied the accusations and his defense has contended in court that he was only marginally aware of his lawyer’s activities.

José Miguel Vivanco, Americas director for Human Rights Watch, said all eyes will now be on the prosecutor’s office to ensure a fair and complete investigation.

“Prosecutors must ensure an independent, impartial and credible analysis of Uribe’s case,” he said. “Uribe clearly thinks that the Attorney General’s Office will be soft on him. It’s up to prosecutors to prove him wrong.”
 

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SEPTEMBER 1, 2020 / 3:18 PM / UPDATED 14 HOURS AGO
Head of Brazil's 'Car Wash' anti-graft task force quits with team's future in doubt


3 MIN READ

BRASILIA (Reuters) - The head of Brazil’s top corruption-busting team of federal prosecutors will quit the task force that dismantled the country’s biggest graft network and jailed a former president for taking bribes, the team announced on Tuesday.

Deltan Dallagnol’s departure comes at a time when the so-called “Car Wash” investigation, which began in 2014, has come under increasing pressure to be disbanded. The country’s prosecutor general must take a decision by Sept. 10.

Dallagnol, a 40-year-old lawyer, said in a video posted on social media that he was stepping down as coordinator of the task force for personal reasons, saying he would look after an ill daughter aged 22 months.

“This is a very difficult decision. But I am very sure that this is the right decision that I want to take as a parent,” he said.

Dallagnol, who has faced criticism from politicians for his aggressive methods in fighting pervasive corruption in Brazil, will be transferred to the federal prosecution office in the southern city of Curitiba, where the Car Wash operation is based.


The prosecutor called on Brazilians to continue supporting the task force. He said the fight against corruption is under risk by “decisions made in Brasilia,” an apparent reference to political interference.

Brazil’s top public prosecutor, Augusto Aras, must decide by next week whether to extend the task force’s mandate for another year, as skepticism grows about Bolsonaro’s commitment to a campaign in which he promises to tackle corruption.

The right-wing leader took office last year amid popular anger at corruption under the former governments of the leftist Workers Party, but has since railed at investigations of alleged graft involving members of his own family.

With a raft of investigations on alleged corruption in the purchase of medical equipment to combat COVID-19, there are abundant signs that graft is thriving despite the years of prosecutions.

A senior member of the task force, requesting anonymity, told Reuters last week that there were 400 ongoing probes by federal prosecutors and police stemming from the Car Wash investigation.

Among the cases still open are investigations on contracts signed by state-controlled company Petrobras with several multinational firms, as well as deals by financial institutions and new probes of ship leasings, the source said.

Still in the pipeline are investigations of money laundering through art galleries and of politicians who are no longer in office and have lost their legal prerogatives, he said.

Reporting by Lisandra Paraguassu and Ricardo Brito; Writing by Anthony Boadle; Editing by Dan Grebler
Our Standards:The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
 

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Venezuela's opposition sees a 'trap' in Maduro's pre-election pardons
Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro pardoned more than 100 political opponents ahead of December's parliamentary elections. Dissidents plan to boycott the vote so as not to give the ruling party the sheen of legitimacy.



Venezuela Nicolas Maduro (picture-alliance/TNS/Getty Images/Y. Cortez)

In an effort to promote "national reconciliation" and increase voter participation, Venezuela's government has pardoned more than 100 opposition politicians — including 20 National Assembly deputies who had been accused of plotting against President Nicolas Maduro — ahead of December's legislative elections. Fearing that the Socialist Party could rig the results and use the vote to give the government the sheen of legitimacy, 27 opposition groups have agreed to boycott the polls.

"If these elections take place, then President Nicolas Maduro will get the majority he wants in the National Assembly," Sabine Kurtenbach, from the German Institute for Global and Area Studies in Hamburg, told DW. "He has changed the rules to favor candidates and parties that are loyal to his regime," she said. "They are more likely to get seats. The opposition, which wants a change of government, doesn't have a chance of winning."

In 2018, a large part of the opposition boycotted the presidential election that gave Maduro a second term. Five million Venezuelans left the country as a result of the economic and political fallout. In January 2019, the newly appointed president of the National Assembly, Juan Guaido, proclaimed himself Venezuela's interim president until a free election could be held. Though he had not been elected to the post, his claim was recognized by the governments of about 60 countries, including those of the United States and most EU members; however, Venezuela's army continued to back Maduro — and Guaido's political influence has since dwindled.

Read more: US offers $5-million reward for arrest of Venezuela chief justice
"The opposition is not successful, because it faces a regime that is prepared to do anything to stay in power," said Detlef Nolte, a political scientist at the University of Hamburg. "Even if the regime is working with undemocratic methods, the opposition should not resort to these — however frustrated it might be."
Read more: Venezuela jails two US citizens for 'terrorist invasion'

'Legitimize a farce'
The mass pardon is an attempt to further divide the opposition and coax at least some politicians into taking part in the December elections. If voter turnout ends up being unusually high, Maduro's tactic could pay off. Guaido knows this and has said that the move was a "means of pressure" to "legitimize a farce." He tweeted that it was a "trap" that he would not fall into.

Maduro's strategy could be successful. If his party were to win the elections, he would have the legitimation that Venezuela needs to come out of international isolation — and access to loans to help pull the country out of its deep economic rut.
Read more: Venezuela backs off plan to expel EU envoy

"Apart from wanting to get rid of Maduro, the Venezuelan opposition does not have a common plan for a post-Maduro future," Kurtenbach said. She added that dissident factions were not even capable of agreeing on a plan to remove the president from office: "Some are cooperating, others want to stick to democratic methods, but others, such as the prominent opposition figure Maria Corina Machado, do not exclude the use of violence."
Read more: Documenting organized threats against environmental activists

Calling for invasion
Affectionately referred to by supporters as MCM, Machado has criticized Guaido for missing opportunities to oust Maduro and has argued that the National Assembly should act to legitimize foreign intervention. "Machado is currently doing Nicolas Maduro a big favor by speaking of the necessity of military intervention," Kurtenbach said. "It gives him the perfect excuse and reason to claim that the real threat to the country is from abroad, or from an opposition that is being manipulated from abroad."

That would be an empty threat, Nolte said. "It makes no sense to talk of military intervention, because no country is willing to make good on this," he said, adding that the regime would not fall as long as the army continues to back Maduro.

For now, the German observers said, it appears that unity and perseverance will be key. "As long as the opposition is unable to overcome its divisions," Kurtenbach said, "it is the best guarantee that Nicolas Maduro's regime will remain in power."


Watch video00:24
Venezuela pardons prisoners, including dissidents
Translated from German by ACT
 

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Hurricane Nana nears Belize as residents brace for landfall
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This satellite image released by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) shows Tropical Storm Nana approaching Belize, Wednesday, Sept. 2, 2020. The storm is expected to strengthen throughout the day and make landfall in Belize as a hurricane late Wednesday or early Thursday. (NOAA via AP)

PUNTA GORDA, Belize (AP) — Hurricane Nana brushed past Honduras and barreled toward Belize, where thousands of people were stocking up on food, water and construction materials ahead of its landfall expected early Thursday.

Long lines stretched through supermarkets and hardware store shelves were nearly bare as residents of Belize bought materials to board up windows and doors.

The U.S. National Hurricane Center reported Wednesday night that Nana was located about 60 miles (95 kilometers) southeast of Belize City with maximum sustained winds of 75 mph (120 kph), making it a hurricane. The storm was moving at 16 mph (26 kph).


Belize issued a hurricane warning for its coastline. Heavy rains were expected in Belize, as well as in northern Honduras. Forecasters said Nana would weaken rapidly as it moved inland Thursday, drenching Belize and Guatemala.

Local leaders in rural villages in Belize’s southernmost district of Toledo were awaiting word from the National Emergency Management Organization to open hurricane shelters.
As evening approached, dark clouds hung on the horizon as uneasy residents awaited the storm’s arrival.
 

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‘Mammoth central’ found at Mexico airport construction site
By GERARDO CARRILLOyesterday



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Paleontologists work to preserve the skeleton of a mammoth that was discovered at the construction site of Mexico City’s new airport in the Santa Lucia military base, Mexico, Thursday, Sept. 3, 2020. The paleontologists are busy digging up and preserving the skeletons of mammoths, camels, horses, and bison as machinery and workers are busy with the construction of the Felipe Angeles International Airport by order of President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador. (AP Photo/Marco Ugarte)

MEXICO CITY (AP) — The number of mammoth skeletons recovered at an airport construction site north of Mexico City has risen to at least 200, with a large number still to be excavated, experts said Thursday.

Archaeologists hope the site that has become “mammoth central” — the shores of an ancient lakebed that both attracted and trapped mammoths in its marshy soil — may help solve the riddle of their extinction.

Experts said that finds are still being made at the site, including signs that humans may have made tools from the bones of the lumbering animals that died somewhere between 10,000 and 20,000 years ago.

There are so many mammoths at the site of the new Santa Lucia airport that observers have to accompany each bulldozer that digs into the soil to make sure work is halted when mammoth bones are uncovered.

“We have about 200 mammoths, about 25 camels, five horses,” said archaeologist Rubén Manzanilla López of the National Institute of Anthropology and History, referring to animals that went extinct in the Americas. The site is only about 12 miles (20 kilometers) from artificial pits, essentially shallow mammoth traps, that were dug by early inhabitants to trap and kill dozens of mammoths.

Manzanilla López said evidence is beginning to emerge that suggests even if the mammoths at the airport possibly died natural deaths after becoming stuck in the mud of the ancient lake bed, their remains may have been carved up by humans, somewhat like those found at the mammoth-trap site in the hamlet of San Antonio Xahuento, in the nearby township of Tultepec.

While tests are still being carried out on the mammoth bones to try to find possible butchering marks, archaeologists have found dozens of mammoth-bone tools — usually shafts used to hold tools or cutting implements — like the ones in Tultepec.

“Here we have found evidence that we have the same kind of tools, but until we can do the laboratory studies to see marks of these tools or possible tools, we can’t say we have evidence that is well-founded,” Manzanilla López said.

Paleontologist Joaquin Arroyo Cabrales said the airport site “will be a very important site to test hypotheses” about the mass extinction of mammoths.

“What caused these animals extinction, everywhere there is a debate, whether its was climate change or the presence of humans,” Arroyo Cabrales said. “I think in the end the decision will be that there was a synergy effect between climate change and human presence.”

Ashley Leger, a paleontologist at the California-based Cogstone Resource Management company who was not involved in the dig, noted that such natural death groupings “are rare. A very specific set of conditions that allow for a collection of remains in an area but also be preserved as fossils must be met. There needs to be a means for them to be buried rapidly and experience low oxygen levels.”

The site near Mexico City now appears to have outstripped the Mammoth Site at Hot Springs South Dakota — which has about 61 sets of remains — as the world’s largest find of mammoth bones. Large concentrations have also been found in Siberia and at Los Angeles’ La Brea tar pits.

For now, the mammoths seem to be everywhere at the site and the finds may slow down, but not stop, work on the new airport.

Mexican Army Capt. Jesus Cantoral, who oversees efforts to preserve remains at the army-led constructio site, said “a large number of excavation sites” are still pending detailed study, and that observers have to accompany backhoes and buldozers every time they break ground at a new spot.

The project is so huge, he noted, that the machines can just go work somewhere else while archaeologists study an area.

The airport project is scheduled for completion in 2022, at which point the dig will end.



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Pandemic pushes Colombians to commute by bicycle
By MANUEL RUEDASeptember 4, 2020



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Commuters ride their bicycles, most of them to their jobs, in Bogota, Colombia, Friday, Aug. 28, 2020. The new coronavirus pandemic is now pushing more people to use bicycles for commuting in the South American country, where only one city has a subway system, and most people still go to work on buses or cars. (AP Photo/Fernando Vergara)

BOGOTA, Colombia (AP) — Luis Fernando Muete used to go to work on his city’s crowded bus system. But he’s been using his bicycle much more frequently since the pandemic began.
It saves the gardener long waits at a bus station in a poor neighborhood on the outskirts of the city. And it poses less of a risk to his health.

“With all that is happening, its better to avoid crowded places,” Muete said as he stopped at a traffic light on his way to the city center, wearing jeans and a checkered shirt. “Using a bike is fast and cheap.”

Cycling has long been a popular sport in Colombia, the home of defending Tour de France champion Egan Bernal. But the pandemic is now pushing more people to commute by bicycle in the South American country, where only one city has a subway system and most people still go to work on buses or cars.

In the capital of Bogota -- a city of 8 million, where more than 210,000 coronavirus infections have been reported -- the increased demand for new bicycles has left many shops struggling to import more stock.

Bike House, Colombia’s second largest bicycle importer, said that its sales increased by 150% in July. The company imported 16,400 bikes in the first semester of the year -- 4,000 more than last year -- but said it’s already out of some models and it awaits new shipments from China.
Most bicycles worldwide are made in China, where factories have struggled to keep up with growing demand from Europe and the United States, also spurred by the pandemic.

“We are probably one of the last places on their list,” said Martha Cecilia Sanchez, the general manager of Distrito Bike, a Bogota shop that specializes in selling the Cannondale brand. “It used to take four months for orders to arrive. Now it takes eight months” she said.

The small shop said it’s been selling around thirty bikes each weekend during the pandemic, while previously it sold 15 to 20. Sanchez said that recent sales have been “better than the Christmas season.”

Across the street, the Nissi bike store said it had experienced a similar boost. It sells road bikes, mountain bikes, hybrids and even state-of-the-art bikes for time trials that cost as much as a small car. It was selling about 15 bikes a day before the pandemic and now sells 25.
“People are buying them to go to work, but also for pleasure” said sales manager Juan Pablo Garces. “It’s an ecological form of transport and will help us to get cars off the streets.”

Local governments in Colombia are also encouraging bicycle use. Bogota Mayor Claudia Lopez turned traffic lanes over to bicycles as the pandemic broke out, adding 85 kilometers (53 miles) to the city’s network of bike paths.

Bogota was already a Latin American leader in bicycle use, registering about 880,000 trips each day before the pandemic.

In August, 13% of all journeys in the city were taken on bicycles according to municipal government data, up from 10% in February. It’s a modest increase, but officials expect the trend will pick up as restrictions on the economy are lifted and more people return to work in offices.

“Fifty-nine percent of people we have surveyed during the pandemic have said they would move around on bikes if it was safer and if infrastructure improved,” Bogota’s Mobility Secretary Nicolas Estupiñan said this week.

The city has mandated that public parking lots expand spaces for bicycles by 20% and refurbished paths that run along busy roads next to cars, but its growing crime rates discourage bicycle use.

Police say 1,022 bicycles were stolen in Bogota in July, almost twice as many as in the same month last year. Sometimes thieves knock riders off their bicycles when they slow down and attack victims with knives and guns.

To make biking safer, the city has boosted registration campaigns for bicycles, improved lighting in dangerous areas and increased police presence at spots where bicycle theft has occurred.

Cristian Gutierrez, a salesman at Class Bikes, said his customers are well aware of the security situation, with most seeking bicycles that sell from $150 to $250. “People don’t want to buy an expensive bike and have it stolen” Gutierrez said. “This city is still a bit dangerous.”
 
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