Herb Education Needed

I've been trying to plant as many herbs as possible in the last few years... figuring I could learn more about them later. Unfortunately some expand too much in the garden space and I've had to start transplanting to a different (permanent) location this year. In the process, I've been planting the like things together as I've been moving them.

I was wondering if we could get some experts to give us some tips on how to care for them, teach us about them and their uses, and give us tips on how to harvest them.

Anybody able to help us here? Sure would appreciate it!
 
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summerthyme

Administrator
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Herbs are SIMPLE! Sure, some won't grow in your zone (no matter what that is), but everyone can grow a wide variety of medicinal and culinary herbs.

Not sure what you need to know....

DO NOT plant mints in your regular beds unless you want an "all mint" bed in about 4 years! (If you do, plant them in a bottomless pail, or sink a gallon coffee can (remove both ends) in the ground and plant inside it. That prevents the mints from putting out underground runners.

Most herbs do better if harvested regularly- at least 2x a year, more often in warmer climates or with aggressively growing plants.

You want to cut them low enough to not leave stiff "stubble" but not so low that you kill them. (unlikely!). I usually cut about 2/3 to 3/4 of the stem height. Harvest in the morning as soon as the dew goes off for the highest concentrations of essential oils. Most culinary herbs are best harvested just before they bloom (if you start seeing small buds, harvest them). Some medicinal herbs have different rules- I harvest St. Johnswort at early full bloom.

If your herbs are clean (it hasn't been an extremely dusty summer and you didn't just get a heavy rain that splashed dirt on the leaves) don't even wash them. Just shake them off, handpick any insects (again, not likely!) and hang them in SMALL bunches, upside down, to dry. I use rubber bands, which work well for short term use (less than 1 year). They tend to disintegrate after a year, but I take down all my herb bunches once they're dry, strip off the leaves and store them in glass jars in a dark place. String can work for hanging them, but it doesn't tighten up if the stems shrink- which is why I prefer rubber bands.

You can leave bunches of herbs hanging for decoration- but put most of them away in glass jars (plastic "breathes" and loses potency over time, and can absorb the oils besides) in a DARK place. As cool as you can manage it. Move small amounts to your kitchen cupboards for everyday use, but store most of them away from the heat and humidity of the kitchen.

Some herbs- chives, for example- lose color and flavor if they aren't dried quickly. I chop them and dry them on fruit roll sheets on my dehydrator. Parsley does very well that way, too.

If you want to dry chive flowers, you can hang them upside down, but you need to cut them EARLY- otherwise, they'll continue to mature while hanging and go to seed! I dry mine in the dehydrator, too. (Gorgeous lavender onion flavored bits!)

If you live someplace cold, leave your herbs time to regenerate and store energy in their roots for the winter. That means not harvesting them just a week or two before you expect your first frost. Give them *at least* a month. You can cut them after the first hard freeze- they probably won't be as potent, but you won't hurt the plant. Obviously, this is perennials I'm talking about. Stuff like basil you harvest all summer long, and then take the whole plant right before a frost is forecast. Frozen basil is black and ugly.

One last warning- ALWAYS LABEL YOUR JARS! You think you'll know what is in them- and you probably will, mostly! But sometimes they don't smell as much different as you think, and after a few months, you can get confused!

If you've got any specific questions about various herbs, I'll see what I can do to answer them.

Summerthyme
 
I planted Cilantro this year for the first time and it it flowering, should I let it flower or cut off the flowers? Also my 2 pepper plants are not looking so healthy either. Corn is lookin sick(needs more water I think). The tomatoes, basil, mint(in pots), Catnip(for the kitties), oregano, majorm, garlic, carrots, brussel sprouts, and broccli are all doing great in 4'x4'x12" planter boxes filled with a load of bedding soil from the local nursery.

I have some kind of weed that grew from the ground up through 12" of soil, it's kinda like a crazy out of control mint plant lookin thing that laughs at me when I give it 2 doses of Round-up, I dig it up best I can and it is back in a couple days, I have pulled 13" of root and it came back with 10 times the shoots. Any ideas? Thanks
 

summerthyme

Administrator
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Sir- if you're growing your cilantro for "cilantro" (the leaves) rather than "coriander" (the seeds) you need to keep pruning it back to keep if from blooming and going to seed. Once it starts to set seeds, it's pretty well done.

This is one of those herbs that you really need to plant every few weeks if you want a continous supply. But clipping it back 2/3 or so (not just picking leaves off) will keep it in it's vegetative state longer.

I HATE the stuff!:lol:

Your weed... I'm wondering if it's purple loosestrife from your description. Is it very "brittle"- breaks off the roots, and the roots themselves are quite succulent and brittle? If it blooms and has pretty purple blossoms in a spike, it's loosestrife. I'm cussing out a patch of it in my vegetable garden right now- and calling down all sorts of vile curses on the moron who imported it from who-knows-where. It's one of those invasive non-natives which should never have been brought here.

If roundup doesn't kill it (I haven't tried yet, but it's on my list of things to do), then about the only thing you can do, short of penning up some hogs in the area, is to cover it with VERY heavy mulch- old carpeting, cardboard, or black plastic, and leaving it covered for a full season. Sooner or later that will starve the roots and they'll die. Yanking the plants *the minute* they come through the soil and produce leaves will eventually work- but you may die before it all does! How that works is by denying the roots the energy the leaves produce- but if you leave it go even a couple of days, the leaves will have done enough of their job that your previous efforts will be defeated. Fun, fun, fun!

Your corn- if it's curling on the edges, it's too dry. Corn is very good about showing drought in it's appearance. If it's yellow, it's either way too wet, or short of nitrogen. A phosphorus deficiency will show up as purple streaks and coloring on the leaves. Corn needs a LOT of nitrogen- it's a "heavy feeder".

Lots of people are complaining about their pepper plants this year. Not sure why- mine are doing fine. However, peppers like heat, and there has been a significant lack of that in many places in the east and north this summer. Although it hasn't hurt my plants any- but I"ve got them planted on a plastic mulch that does a wonderful job of warming the soil, and that is probably saving them. Trying a LITTLE "miracle gro" or other balanced plant food can't hurt. Not a lot- or you'll get great big lush plants, and no peppers!

good luck!

summerthyme
 
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