INTL Europe: Politics, Economics, Military- August 2021

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7 people at German university victims of apparent poisoning
38 minutes ago


A view of the building L201 on the Lichtwiese campus of the Technical University Darmstadt, in Darmstadt, Germand, Tuesday, Aug. 24, 2021. Authorities say seven people at a university in western Germany have received medical treatment after showing symptoms of poisoning, and prosecutors have opened an investigation into suspicions of attempted murder. The employees of the Technical University in Darmstadt, south of Frankfurt, experienced medical problems on Monday. (Frank Rumpenhorst/dpa via AP)
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A view of the building L201 on the Lichtwiese campus of the Technical University Darmstadt, in Darmstadt, Germand, Tuesday, Aug. 24, 2021. Authorities say seven people at a university in western Germany have received medical treatment after showing symptoms of poisoning, and prosecutors have opened an investigation into suspicions of attempted murder. The employees of the Technical University in Darmstadt, south of Frankfurt, experienced medical problems on Monday. (Frank Rumpenhorst/dpa via AP)

BERLIN (AP) — Seven people at a university in western Germany have received medical treatment after showing symptoms of poisoning, and prosecutors have opened an investigation into suspicions of attempted murder, authorities said Tuesday.

The employees and students at the Technical University in Darmstadt, south of Frankfurt, experienced medical problems on Monday. Police say that milk cartons and water containers in one of the buildings on the campus appear to have been contaminated with a harmful substance between Friday and Monday. The contaminated liquid was said to have a powerful smell.

Police and prosecutors said Tuesday that they had searched other university buildings as a precaution but found nothing else linked to the suspected poisoning. They also said no one else had come forward with symptoms.

They said in a statement that they are doing everything to “identify the culprit or culprit” and that, as far as they are aware, there is no longer any “acute danger.”

Prosecutor Robert Hartmann told reporters that, while authorities believe the contamination may have been deliberate, they currently have no information pointing to any specific person as a possible culprit. He said that the substance has been identified, but prosecutors won’t publicly name it for now in view of the ongoing investigation.

One person was affected “relatively severely” by the poisoning, but their life apparently is no longer in danger, Hartmann said.

“We are shocked by the apparent crime that took place at our university,” the university’s president, Tanja Bruehl, said in a statement.
 

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Spain's Supreme Court Rules Against Using Vaccine Passports To Restrict Access To Public Spaces
Tyler Durden's Photo

BY TYLER DURDEN
WEDNESDAY, AUG 25, 2021 - 02:00 AM
Authored by Nick Corbishley via NakedCapitalism.com,
It’s the first time a high court of a European Member State has challenged the use of vaccine passports domestically.


Spain’s Supreme Court made waves last week by becoming the first judicial authority in Europe to rule against the use of covid passports to restrict access to public spaces — specifically hospitality businesses (bars, restaurants and nightclubs). It is not the first Spanish court to come out against vaccine passports but it is the most important. So far, only five of Spain’s 17 autonomous regions – the Canary Islands, Ceuta and Melilla, Andalusia, Cantabria and Galicia – have proposed using vaccine passports to restrict access to public spaces. And all have been rejected by local judges.

The EU’s Green Pass is a one-piece QR-code document that can be issued to a traveller in both paper and digital format. It is intended to prove that the holder has either received one of the four vaccines authorised by the European Medicine Agency (BioNTech-Pfizer’s, Moderna’s, AztraZeneca’s and Johnson &Johnson’s), has tested negative for Covid-19 in the last 48 hours or has been infected with Covid in the last six months and therefore has natural immunity. However, some countries such as France have chosen only to allow entry to travellers that are fully vaccinated.

Many government are also using the documents to limit access for unvaccinated citizens to public spaces and services with their own countries. But so far Spanish judges have challenged this trend, on the grounds that it would infringe on certain constitutionally recognised individual rights, such as the right to physical integrity and privacy, while also having limited impact on public health. The Supreme Courts of Andalusia and Ceuta and Melilla said the measures were also discriminatory. When the Supreme Court of Andalusia sided with local hospitality businesses in their appeal against the region’s proposed vaccine passport measures, the regional authority took the case to the national Supreme Court. And lost.

Economic considerations may have also played a part in the courts’ decision. Spain’s hospitality sector generates a huge amount of money and a huge number of jobs, especially during the peak tourist season (i.e., right now). The sector has already been through the grinder of last year’s three-month national lockdown as well as sporadic regional lockdowns. Even with the introduction of vaccine passports, overseas visitors continue to arrive in dribs and drabs. As was the case last year, it’s domestic demand that is keeping many businesses alive. And limiting that demand is likely to create even more economic pain.

Constitutional Clashes
But this is not the first time that Spain’s government and regional authorities have clashed with the judiciary over the management of the public health crisis. Since Spain ended its state of alarm on May 9th, the high courts in the Valencia region, the Balearic islands, Catalonia, the Canary Islands and other parts of Spain have prevented regional authorities from applying a range of anti-Covid restrictions, including curfews and limits on social gatherings, on the grounds that it’s unconstitutional to breach fundamental rights when there’s no longer a state of alarm.

Then, on July 14, Spain’s top judicial body, the Constitutional Court, delivered another hammer blow, by ruling that Spain’s coronavirus state of alarm had been unconstitutional all along. The government, it said, should instead have called for a state of emergency – which requires prior parliamentary approval – to curtail fundamental rights for the nationwide lockdown.


In its August 18 ruling, against using the Digital Covid Certificate to grant or deny access to nightlife venues, the Supreme Court said there wasn’t enough “substantial justification” for the requirement of a health pass in bars and nightclubs across the entire region of Andalusia, seeing it more as a “preventative measure” rather than a necessary action. Instead, it said the measure “restrictively affects basic elements of freedom of movement and the right of assembly.”

Interestingly, the Supreme Court also said that using vaccine passports to control access to public spaces and services may not even help prevent infections. In fact, it may exacerbate them, given that recent research has shown that people who have been vaccinated or previously infected with Covid-19 can still catch and spread the virus. As such, implementing a vaccine passport system does not protect others from infection, including those who gain access to a public space by presenting a negative result of a PCR test. Such a document, the court said, “only proves that at the time of the test these people were not carrying the active virus”.

By now it is clear, as Yves laid out meticulously on Friday, that the vaccines are not what they were cracked up to be. Their efficacy fades quickly and is particularly depleted against the Delta variant. Research has also shown that the virus loads of the vaccinated and the unvaccinated are almost identical with regard to the Delta variant. As such, if a vaccinated person and an unvaccinated person have roughly the same capacity to carry, shed and transmit the virus, particularly in its Delta form, what difference does implementing a vaccination passport, certificate or ID actually make to the spread of the virus?

This is a question that many of the people who attended the Boardmasters’ Music Festival in the UK may now be asking themselves. To attend the event they needed to prove, with their NHS Pass, a recent negative test, full vaccination or Covid infection in the past 180 days — in other words, almost exactly the same conditions required by the EU’s Green Pass. The event’s organizers seem to have done everything by the book yet roughly one week after the festival, almost 5,000 Covid cases had been potentially linked to the event. The city where it was held, Newquay, became England’s “Covid capital”, registering up to 1,110 cases per 100,000 people in the week ending August 14 — nearly four times the average rate in the country.

Fierce Public Opposition

In the wake of the Spanish Supreme Court’s ruling there is probably little point in any of Spain’s 17 regional governments even trying to use Covid health passes in their territories for any purpose other than travel abroad. If such measures were introduced, they would only be in force for a brief period before a court shelved them.

It’s a very different story across the rest of the EU. Even as the evidence grows that the current crop of vaccines are not very effective at limiting the spread of the Delta variant and that so-called “breakthrough cases” are not nearly as rare as the term would suggest, most governments are accelerating and expanding their use of vaccine passports and mandates. Twenty-two out of 27 EU Member States already require hospitality green passes or similar health passports to enter restaurants, bars, museums, libraries and other public places.

In France those without a pass are banned from the outside terraces of cafes, bars and restaurants. They are not even allowed to enter hospitals, apart from for emergency procedures. By the end of August many private-sector workers who serve the public have to be vaccinated. The jab will also become mandatory for all French health workers by Sept. 15. The government insists the pass is necessary to encourage vaccination uptake and avoid a fourth national lockdown. But for many protesters the new legislation represents everything a constitutional republic like France should stand against: authoritarian control, discrimination, denial of access to basic freedoms and services, education and healthcare.

Opposition among the vaccine hesitant remains fierce. For a sixth straight Saturday, hundreds of thousands of people turned out in towns and cities across France to vent their fury at the government’s increasingly repressive vaccine laws. If anything, the demonstrations are likely to intensify in the coming weeks, as students — often a vital cog in French protest movements — return to university and vaccine-reluctant public workers begin to contemplate life without an income.

Large demonstrations have also taken place in Italy, Greece and Germany. In Latvia’s capital, Riga, 5,000 people took to the streets on Wednesday night to protest government plans to make vaccination mandatory for certain professions and allow employers to fire workers who refuse to get jabbed. It was reported to be the largest demonstration in Latvia since 2009.

A Kafkaesque Twist

In Spain, meanwhile, everything is rather quiet. There are few protests against the vaccine passports, since their impact on daily life has not been felt. Most people over the age of 30 are quite happy to get vaccinated — so much so that Spain, with 67% of its population fully vaccinated, places fourth on Oxford University’s Our World in Data’s ranking of the world’s most vaccinated countries. What’s more, Spain is yet to see its vaccine campaign stall, as has already happened in countries such as the US, Israel, Germany and France.

Given that Spanish residents are getting vaccinated in such large numbers, there’s arguably even less need to use vaccine passports domestically. Fernando García López, the president of the Research Ethics Committee at the Carlos III Health Institute in Madrid, argues that is better to “convince rather than coerce, something that can polarize,” adding that in Spain, “there is no major anti-vaccination group against which we need to fight, as is happening in other places.

But that hasn’t stopped the passports from already creating a Kafkaesque nightmare for thousands of Spanish residents. During the latest wave of the virus, the country’s primary care service became so swamped that doctors and nurses in many parts of the country began using the much faster (and much cheaper) antigen tests to check patients for infection. The only problem is that to qualify for the EU’s health certificate on the grounds of natural infection, you need to have had a positive PCR test; the results of antigen tests are not recognised.

And that means there are now thousands of people in Spain who are in limbo. They have all had a recent Covid infection, which means they should have natural immunity. And that means they should qualify for the EU’s Green Pass. But because Spain’s health authorities used the wrong test on them (presumably by mistake), they don’t. According to the EU these people never had Covid. Unless Brussels makes an exception for them, which is looking pretty unlikely, they will now have more difficulty travelling to other parts of Europe.

It’s just one example of how arbitrary life can become in the “new normality” taking shape around us. As governments exert greater power and authority over our lives, all it takes is a simple administrative mistake for members of the public to suddenly find themselves unable to enter other European countries or even access public places and basic services in their home town. And as we’ve repeatedly seen since this pandemic began, governments and public authorities are prone to making mistakes pretty regularly.
 

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EU Court calls on Poland, Latvia to aid migrants stuck on Belarus border
Dozens of Iraqi Kurds and Afghans have sought the help of the European Court of Human Rights over asylum claims. The EU has blamed Belarus for the recent build up of migrants on its border.



Armed Polish soldiers keep an eye on Afghan refugees, near Usnarz Gorny in eastern Poland, on the border to Belarus
The European Court of Human Rights says both Latvia and Poland must provide care for the migrants

The European Court of Human Rights (EHCR) on Wednesday requested that Poland and Latvia provide aid for dozens of Afghan and Iraqi migrants stranded on the EU border with Belarus.
A group of migrants has been stuck on the borders of the two EU countries for around 14 days, with security forces preventing them from entering and making asylum claims.

According to the court, 41 Iraqi Kurds and 32 Afghans have sought the court's help to enter either Latvia or Poland and ask for protection.

What did the EHCR say?
On Wednesday, the court responded to that claim, ordering the two EU countries to offer "food, water, clothing, adequate medical care and, if possible, temporary shelter," a statement said.
"The measure will apply for a period of three weeks from today until 15 September 2021 inclusive."

The judges cited the European Convention on Human Rights when coming to their conclusion.

The court did iterate, however, that neither Poland nor Latvia was being ordered to let the migrants in.

Dozens of migrants have set up a camp just inside the Belarusian border between lines of Belarusian and Polish military personnel. near the Polish village of Usnarz Gorny.

Watch video02:49
Migrants stuck in limbo at Belarus-EU border
Belarus blamed for migrant surge

Thousands of migrants — mostly from the Middle East — have crossed the border from Belarus into the eastern EU states of Latvia, Lithuania and Poland in recent months.

The EU claims Belarus has deliberately engineered the influx in retaliation over EU sanctions — an accusation Minsk has vehemently denied.

Poland has called it a "hybrid attack" on the bloc and said the migrants must not be allowed to enter, arguing they are still in Belarus and that Minsk should deal with the issue.
 

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Polish art show defies ‘cancel culture’ but some see racism
By VANESSA GERA26 minutes ago


Danish conceptual artist Kristian von Hornsleth poses next to a sculpture he made being shown in a new exhibition at the Ujazdowski Castle Center for Contemporary Art in Warsaw, Poland, Wednesday Aug. 25, 2021. The exhibition which opens Friday at the Polish state museum features the works of provocative artists in what organizers describe as a celebration of free speech, and a challenge to political correctness and cancel culture on the political left. Some critics, however, accuse the organizers of the show titled Political Art of giving a platform to anti-Semitic, racist and Islamophobic messages. (AP Photo/Czarek Sokolowski)
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Danish conceptual artist Kristian von Hornsleth poses next to a sculpture he made being shown in a new exhibition at the Ujazdowski Castle Center for Contemporary Art in Warsaw, Poland, Wednesday Aug. 25, 2021. The exhibition which opens Friday at the Polish state museum features the works of provocative artists in what organizers describe as a celebration of free speech, and a challenge to political correctness and "cancel culture" on the political left. Some critics, however, accuse the organizers of the show titled "Political Art" of giving a platform to anti-Semitic, racist and Islamophobic messages. (AP Photo/Czarek Sokolowski)

WARSAW, Poland (AP) — An exhibition at a Polish state museum opening Friday features the works of provocative artists in what organizers describe as a celebration of free speech, and a challenge to political correctness and “cancel culture” on the political left.

Some critics, however, accuse organizers of giving a platform to antisemitic, racist and Islamophobic messages under the pretense of defending freedom of expression.

“Political Art,” which features the works of nearly 30 artists, is the second exhibition at the Ujazdowski Castle Center for Contemporary Art under director Piotr Bernatowicz. He was appointed by Poland’s populist conservative ruling party in 2019.

Since it came to power in 2015, the Law and Justice party has harnessed the country’s cultural institutions in a mission to promote conservative and patriotic values — including the art center housed in a reconstructed castle that has showcased experimental and avant-garde art in Warsaw for 30 years.

The museum says the “Political Art” show provides a space for rebellious artists sometimes shunned elsewhere.

The most controversial is Dan Park, a Swedish provocateur who has been jailed on hate crimes in Sweden. In 2009, Park placed swastikas and boxes labeled “Zyklon B” — the gas used in the mass murder of Jews and others during the Holocaust — in front of a Jewish community center in Malmo.

A spokesman for Malmo’s Jewish community, Fredrik Sieradzki, recalled the artist’s actions 12 years ago as “disgusting and deeply offensive,” telling The Associated Press that they “targeted a community that was already threatened by different groups.”
The Jewish community in Poland has strongly protested the museum’s decision to include Park in the new exhibit. In an open letter to the museum director, rabbis and other Jewish representatives argued that promoting such artists offends all people in a country where 6 million Polish citizens — half of whom were Jews and half Christian Poles — were killed during World War II.

Poland’s chief rabbi, Michael Schudrich, argued that “having such art displayed is evil.”

“Free expression is essential to a democratic society, but free expression still has limits. That limit is when you try to inspire someone to hurt others. This art conspires to hurt others,” Schudrich told the AP on Friday.

Among the works by Park being shown in Warsaw is a poster that presents Anders Behring Breivik, the right-wing extremist who killed 77 people in twin attacks in Norway, as a model for the clothing brand Lacoste.

Another provocateur is Uwe Max Jensen, a Danish artist with right-wing views. His performances have included urinating and defecating on objects and running around naked. He has several vandalism convictions.


Jensen brought to Warsaw a large flag made up of four smaller LGBT pride flags angled to create a swastika. He said it’s his way of protesting the taboo around criticizing the gay rights movement. Jensen told the AP on Wednesday that the flag was apparently so controversial that Facebook removed an image of it and he still didn’t know if his creation would be included in the Castle Center show.

The new exhibit also features the work of Lars Vilks, a Swedish artist who lives under police protection for making a drawing of a dog with the head of the Prophet Muhammed. The drawing upset many Muslims in 2007 and brought Vilks death threats from extremists.
Also included in “Political Art” is a wall of photos of Ugandan villagers holding up IDs. It is part of a project by Danish conceptual artist Kristian von Hornsleth, who persuaded 340 Ugandan villagers in 2006 to legally change their names to Hornsleth in exchange for pigs and goats.

The Ugandan government at the time condemned the project as demeaning and racist.

An anti-fascist network in Poland has criticized “Political Art,” accusing the curators of using democratic principles like freedom of speech “to convey and justify right-wing hate speech.” In a statement, the Anti-Fascist Year argued that including the more problematic artists would serve “to strengthen the electoral prospects of authoritarian parties everywhere.”

Co-curator Jon Eirik Lundberg, a Norwegian who runs the Laesoe Kunsthal gallery in Denmark, denied the show promotes racism, and said its aim is to fight for freedom of speech in defense of democracy.

“If you don’t have free speech, you don’t have political freedom. If you don’t have political freedom, you don’t have any protection,” he told the AP. “So the best way to protect any minority is to make sure there is freedom of speech.”

Lundberg said he also strongly objects to the featured art being described as “right-wing,” a term he says negates the possibility of dialogue.

Added Hornsleth, the artist who photographed Ugandan villages: “Even if this show was right-wing and crazy, it should be allowed because it’s art. But it’s not — it’s really about creating a space in which anybody can disagree about anything.”
“Political Art” runs through January 16.
 

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Denmark To Scrap All Covid-19 Restrictions
Tyler Durden's Photo

BY TYLER DURDEN
FRIDAY, AUG 27, 2021 - 01:34 PM
Denmark will on September 10th stop classifying Covid-19 as an "illness which is a critical threat to society", meaning all remaining special pandemic restrictions will expire, The Local reported. In a press release issued on Friday morning, the country’s health minister Magnus Heunicke said that the high level of vaccination in Denmark, particularly among the vulnerable, had radically altered the risks posed by the virus.
“The epidemic is under control, we have record high vaccination rates,” he said in a statement. “As a result, on September 10th, we can drop some of the special rules we have had to introduce in the fight against Covid-19.”


September 10th marks the expiry date for that the executive order classifying Covid-19 as a “socially critical illness”, which was passed by the Danish parliament’s Epidemic Committee on March 10th last year.

The parties in the centre-right blue bloc, led by the Liberal Party, have already said that they believe that Covid-19 should no longer be classed as a serious threat to society, and the health ministry’s announcement came less than an hour before the ruling Social Democrats were due to discuss the issue with the other parties in the Epidemic Committee.

“When it sinks in for the Social Democrat government that they are in a minority, they then come up with better ideas just 45 minutes before the meeting in the Epidemic Committee is starting,” said Sophie Løhde, a member of the committee for the Liberal Party.


A number of restrictions are set to lapse on September 1st, notably the requirement to show a valid coronapas to sit in restaurants and bars, and the ban on discos and nightclubs.

Friday’s announcement means that just ten days after nightclubs reopen on September 1st, visitors will no longer have to show a coronapas, and it also means that from September 10th, those going to watch a Superliga football match or attend an outdoor event with more than 2,000 people, will no longer need a coronapas.

The change in the classification of Covid-19 will not, however, affect rules on travel into Denmark, which are governed by a separate inter-party agreement which is due to expire in October, a spokesperson for the health ministry said.
 

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German election: Far-right AfD outperforms competitors on social media
Germany’s far-right populists have far fewer party supporters than their big-tent competitors. But they still manage to dominate the discourse on social media — especially in election campaigns. Why is that?



Alice Weidel
The AfD's Alice Weidel outdoes her political competitors on German social media platforms
Click, like, share: Social media have been at the heart of the Alternative for Germany's (AfD) campaign strategy since the party was founded in 2013. And it has stepped up its game ever since.

Ahead of the European Parliament elections in 2019, Der Spiegel news magazine published extensive research on how the AfD populists dominate election campaigning on Facebook.
This year, just one month before the federal election on September 26, the AfD lingers at 11% in opinion polls.

But on platforms such as Facebook, Instagram and YouTube, it still dwarfs much bigger parties like the center-left Social Democrats (SPD) and outgoing Chancellor Angela Merkel's center-right Christian Democratic Union (CDU).

In the context of a pandemic, that makes online campaigning more important than ever. Why can't the bigger parties catch up?


Watch video01:35
Germany's AfD picks duo to lead party into election
Measuring the digital success of the AfD

Analyzing the parties' posts across social media from June 12 to August 15, DW found that one of the lead candidates for the AfD, Alice Weidel, was by far the most successful politician online.

Even though she has no hope of becoming the next German chancellor, her videos were viewed around 4.9 million times across the different platforms during that time period. And the number of comments, likes and shares outnumbered those of other politicians. Such engagement is considered hard currency in the world of social networks because they imply that users identify with the post to such an extent that they want to spread it further.

While the AfD has only 32,000 members, the ruling CDU still has almost 430,000 with an average age of 59, the same as that of the conservatives' top candidate Armin Laschet, who hopes to succeed Merkel as chancellor.

On social media, however, his performance is weak. His message "Smart climate protection is a cross-sectional task" mobilized only a few users on social platforms, getting no more than a few hundred likes, shares and (often unfavorable) comments on Twitter and Facebook.


Watch video05:02
#BeBoldGermany: Bringing AfD voters out of the closet
Facebook: The main platform for the AfD

In an interview with DW, Marcus Schmidt, the press officer for the AfD parliamentary group, admits that: "Without Facebook, I don't believe that the AfD could have become successful so quickly."

Using Facebook as a channel to its supporters allows the AfD to bypass established media outlets and spread its messages directly — many of which are openly racist, nationalist and factually false.
Each political party runs several pages on the social networks, including those of the federal party, the state associations and regional groups. Then there are also the personal accounts of individual politicians.
Facebook remains the AfD's most important platform for engagement. A total of 84% of Weidel's user interactions on social media take place on that platform.

It seems to have paid off that the AfD's social media team got support directly from Facebook during their initial training, as confirmed by an employee of the AfD parliamentary group in an interview with DW.

Although the Green Party and especially the pro-free market Free Democrats and their charismatic and media-savvy chairman Christian Lindner have stepped up their social media game, Weidel is still head and shoulders above her competitors in terms of total shares and comments across all platforms.

Watch video03:32
Ex-AfD spokesman said migrants could be 'gassed': Journalist Thilo Mischke speaks to DW
Incendiary Facebook messages

Successful posts by the AfD seek to trigger emotion: stoking fear of immigrants, crime and downward social mobility, while playing upon anger with Merkel and the country's "elites." Vivid, provocative messages and emotional catchphrases are key to the populists' social media strategy.

Weidel was successful with the catchphrase "banana republic," for example. Speaking of the handling of the recent dramatic flooding in Germany, she claimed: "Those in power let Germany degenerate into a banana republic, where citizens cannot be warned and protected against disasters despite precise knowledge of what is coming."

There were several similar posts — and they all went viral.

The snowball effect of planned provocations
The way social media networks function ensures that the party gets maximum attention, according to Felix Kartte, a Senior Advisor at Reset Tech, a non-profit organization promoting regulation for social media.

Emotional, bold, radical, and pithy — such posts attract comments and are shared, which again pays off in the algorithms, Kartte explains.

Watch video04:06
AfD's Alice Weidel talks to DW (2017)
"Platforms give more extreme comments a systemic advantage because their algorithms and recommendation systems are set to privilege this kind of content because it's more engaging," he says. This leads to controversial views being overrepresented on social media, and populist parties can use this to their advantage even if they have little voter backing at the polls.

An internal AfD party strategy paper for the 2017 general election campaign explicitly encouraged members not to shy away from "carefully planned provocations" as a means of generating headlines and getting voters' attention.

Juan Carlos Medina Serrano, a political scientist at the University of Munich who has been studying the AfD's social media strategy for several years, says the party is adept at designing polarizing content to go viral: "Other parties don't make this kind of very aggressive content. So it's less shareable."
 

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Germany: Thousands march in Berlin against COVID rules
Marchers rallied through the streets of the German capital, with thousands of police officers on standby in case of violence. A court had allowed only one rally to go ahead.



German protesters march through Berlin with German flags and other slogans
A demonstration of only 500 people was given the green light by a court

Thousands of demonstrators gathered in Berlin on Saturday to protest the German government's coronavirus policies.

Riot police walked alongside protesters, most of whom were unmasked, as helicopters watched from the air.

Large but scattered crowds of protesters across Berlin waved German flags and anti-lockdown slogans of the Querdenker group — a movement which includes coronavirus skeptics, far-right activists and anti-vaxxers.

What did the authorities do?
Berlin authorities banned nine planned demonstrations, including a rally by the Querdenker group.
However, one of the demonstrations successfully challenged the police ban in court and gained permission for a gathering of an expected 500 people on Saturday and Sunday.

A total of 4,200 police officers were on standby, including officers from Baden-Württemberg, Lower Saxony, Bavaria and Saxony who were deployed to the city to support their Berlin colleagues.
Riot police talk to protesters in a Berlin unhappy about coronavirus rules,
Thousands of police from regions around Germany came to Berlin to tackle protests.

"Experience has shown that a large number of people do come to the city and do not follow the ban," said a police spokesperson before the demonstrations.

"The police will enforce the assembly bans, be present accordingly and protect the government quarter in particular," the spokesperson added.

Why were the police concerned?
Last year, around 10,000 protesters against coronavirus restrictions took to the streets on August 29. The marches, which included far-right elements, tried to break into the Reichstag building that houses the German parliament after overpowering guards at its entrance.

This year, the authorities were taking no chances, keeping the Querdenker and anti-vaxxer groups well away from the government area of Mitte.
Protesters wave a German flag saying Merkel must go at a Berlin protest.
Far right parties have made overturning coronavirus rules central to their election bids.
Protesters waved German national flags and displayed slogans about freedom in their marches. They were generally of an older demographic.
Meanwhile, Berlin's more left-wing population kept well away from the protests, with none of their traditional insignia present at the demonstrations.

Another march was due to take place on Saturday afternoon under the motto "Train of Love."
The DPA news agency contributed to this report.
 

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German election: Chancellor candidates face off over COVID, climate change and Afghanistan
Four weeks before Germany's general election, the three candidates for chancellor faced each other in a live TV debate. Which of the three candidates to replace Angela Merkel scored points with the audience?



Armin Laschet, Annalena Baerbock, Olaf Scholz facing interviewers in a blue studio
The three candidates faced questions from two interviewers

This showdown had been eagerly awaited. On September 26, Germans will go to the polls to elect a new government, which will not be headed by Angela Merkel, who is not standing for reelection after 16 years in office. Now the three candidates to replace her had to face live questions on prime time TV.

Recent opinion polls indicate that Merkel's center-right Christian Democratic Union (CDU/CSU), and its junior coalition partner, the center-left Social Democrats (SPD), are running neck and neck at 21% and 24%, with the Green Party not far behind. So three parties will likely need to join forces to get the necessary majority to form the next government.
Armin Laschet during the debate
CDU/CSU candidate Armin Laschet has been struggling in the polls following several gaffes

Therefore the three candidates for chancellor badly needed to score points: CDU/CSU candidate Armin Laschet is the Premier of Germany's most populous state of North-Rhine Westphalia and has been struggling in the polls.

Olaf Scholz (SPD), current finance minister and vice-chancellor, meanwhile has seen his popularity ratings rise.

And Annalena Baerbock, co-chair of the Green Party, has been trying to overcome the various hitches that she encountered in the early days of her campaign.

Afghanistan
Barely five minutes into the TV debate, the three politicians clashed on the topic of Afghanistan. The controversy centered on the situation of the German armed forces, the Bundeswehr, which all three candidates see as underfunded and lacking adequate equipment.
Laschet was quick to rail against Scholz, accusing his SPD of having blocked the introduction of armed drones as a vital way of modernizing Germany's army.

Scholz retaliated by blaming the previous government of CDU and the pro-free market Free Democrats (FDP) that was in power until 2013, for cutting the budget of the armed forces and failing to invest in equipment.

During his time as Federal Finance Minister, Scholz claimed, he had pushed through the "biggest increase" in the Bundeswehr budget to now over €50 billion ($59 billion).
Olaf Scholz during the tv debate
Olaf Scholz remained calm and unemotional throughout the debate

The Greens' Annalena Baerbock, however, who has never held government office,x was keen to point out what she sees as the current coalition's failings on Afghanistan.

In June, her party's motion to evacuate more local helpers of the Bundeswehr had been voted down by the ruling coalition, she pointed out. "It was a disaster that could have been seen coming."
COVID pandemic
On the issue of combatting the coronavirus pandemic, all three candidates stressed the importance of vaccination. They differed, however, on the topic of introducing compulsory vaccination, which only Baerbock did not rule out.
The three candidates were asked about COVID-19 restrictions on public transport: Should only people who have a negative COVID-19 test, or who have recovered from COVID-19 no more than six months ago, or those who have been fully vaccinated for two weeks or more be allowed on trains? Scholz and Baerbock were in favor of introducing this rule. Laschet refused to commit himself, arguing that the introduction of such a requirement might not be easy to implement.

Laschet regularly rejected accusations of mishandling the coronavirus pandemic in his state, where infections are especially high as the fourth wave of the pandemic sweeps the country. He had responded appropriately in the different infection situations, he insisted.
Annalena Baerbock during the tv debate
Annalena Baerbock criticized her opponents for being inefficient and dishonest in combatting climate change

Combatting climate change
All three candidates vowed to push ahead with the expansion of renewable energy and climate protection — but their ideas differed on pace and methods.

Laschet and Scholz categorically rejected the idea of bans and restrictions.
Scholz spoke of making Germany "CO2-neutral in 2045."

"The path to a climate-neutral economy takes time," he argued. "What we have to understand is that this can't be done overnight."

"We have to get started now, pick up the pace, reduce bureaucracy, speed up procedures," Laschet said. In doing so, he argued, the government must rely less on bans and prohibition but rather rely on innovation.

Laschet accused the Greens of an anti-industry approach, warning that stricter regulations would push industry out of Germany. "The steel industry will migrate to India and to China," he warned.

Green Party candidate Baerbock criticized her opponents for being inefficient and dishonest. "To me, it really sounds frightening," Baerbock said. "You just don't want to ban anything because that might not go over so well in the election campaign."

Baerbock suggested significantly expanding renewable energies, proposed a ban on internal combustion engines from 2030, and an obligation to install solar panels on roofs of all new buildings.

"If we don't manage to commit the next federal government to climate neutrality, then we have a big, fat problem," she concluded.

Taxes
The business-friendly conservative, Laschet, accused his center-left SPD and Green opponents of planning tax hikes that would be detrimental at a time when the country is seeking to recover from the coronavirus pandemic.

Scholz, however, insisted that for particularly high-income earners, a tax increase of 3% was absolutely conceivable. Baerbock agreed, stressing that, above all, taxes must be cut for low-income earners and single parents.

Who scored points?
Baerbock accused Laschet of reading out pre-prepared notes, while Laschet accused Baerbock of trying to score points with populist phrases. Scholz, however, remained aloof and did not let himself be drawn into any heated exchange.

In a flash poll conducted by the pollster Forsa, 36% of the 2,500 respondents said Scholz had come out on top, 30% saw Baerbock in the lead and only 25% said the same for Laschet.

Live TV debates between the top candidates have become a fixture on German TV over the past two decades. They usually pit an incumbent head of government against his or her challenger. This year is different because, for the first time in German post-war history, there is no incumbent chancellor campaigning for reelection.

While these high-profile debates have come to been known as "duels," this year for the first time there are three candidates, so the term "triel" has been coined (it's not even in the dictionary).

There will be two more installments: On September 12 and then on September 19, the three will meet again for parts two and three of the showdown.
 

jward

passin' thru




Florence Villeminot
@FloVilleminot

2h
What's left of France's revolutionary spirit?
View: https://twitter.com/FloVilleminot/status/1431174490298404870?s=20



___________________________________________

In the latest French Connections Plus, @GenieGodula and I take a look at the legacy of the Revolution of 1789. The bloody violence of the 10 year revolutionary period almost overshadowed its advances. And nothing is more symbolic of that than the #guillotine. #F24
View: https://twitter.com/FloVilleminot/status/1432291506279301120?s=20
 

northern watch

TB Fanatic
Austria's Kurz reelected to lead conservative People's Party
Austria’s conservative People’s Party has voted overwhelmingly to reelect Chancellor Sebastian Kurz as its leader at a party gathering
By Associated Press
28 August 2021, 09:08

In this handout photo released by Russian Foreign Ministry Press Service, Austria's Chancellor Sebastian Kurz listens to Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov during their talks in Vienna, Austria, Wednesday, Aug. 25, 2021. (Russian Foreign Ministry

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The Associated Press
In this handout photo released by Russian Foreign Ministry Press Service, Austria's Chancellor Se...Read More

BERLIN -- Austria’s conservative People’s Party, or OVP, voted overwhelmingly Saturday to reelect Chancellor Sebastian Kurz as its leader at a party gathering.

Kurz, 35, received the backing of 533 of 536 delegates, or 99.4%. He has led the party since 2017, and became the country’s youngest-ever chancellor later that year.

Addressing colleagues before the vote in St. Polten, Kurz spoke about a range of topics and policy priorities. He stressed the need to continue the country’s coronavirus vaccination campaign, and with regard to refugees from Afghanistan, said that Austria “shouldn't take in more people than we can integrate.”


Saturday's vote was a sign of the OVP’s confidence in Kurz, who has had a few difficult months politically. In May, he was put under investigation by anti-corruption authorities on suspicion that he made false statements to a parliamentary commission.

The hearings in question were to investigate the Ibiza affair, a scandal involving the far-right Freedom Party (FPO) leader Heinz-Christian Strache that triggered the collapse of Kurz’s previous governing coalition in 2019. Kurz has denied the allegations and resisted calls for his resignation.

He alluded to the situation in his speech, saying it had shown him the “dark side” of politics and admitting that there were days where he “questioned everything.” Still, he added, he has grown in response.

“The experience has actually made me even more resilient,” he said Saturday. “It has made me stronger, and it has made me more determined.”

Austria's Kurz reelected to lead conservative People's Party - ABC News (go.com)
 

northern watch

TB Fanatic
The fiction that Turkey is a candidate to join the EU is unravelling
Many European voters don’t want a big Muslim nation in their club, even if it becomes more democratic

The Economist
August 28 2021

Austria’s chancellor, Sebastian Kurz, may have been speaking for a few other European governments earlier this summer when he suggested that Turkey would be the most appropriate refuge for Afghans escaping the Taliban. But he was not speaking for Turkey, or for the Afghans themselves. Recep Tayyip Erdogan, the Turkish president, declared last week that Turkey would not be “Europe’s refugee warehouse”. Most Turks agree. In a country home to well over 4m migrants and refugees, including an estimated 200,000-600,000 Afghans, resentment towards the newcomers is mounting. But so is frustration that Turkey, formally a candidate for membership in the eu, has become its buffer state.

For years, policy wonks used to reach for a variation of an old Soviet joke to describe the membership talks between Turkey and the eu: we pretend to negotiate, and they pretend to reform. Today, there is no use pretending. The accession process is dead. In its place, a deal the eu struck with Mr Erdogan to keep migrants and refugees out of Europe has taken centre stage in the relationship. That agreement, too, is starting to come under strain.

The eu’s reports on Turkey’s progress towards accession once made the front pages of the country’s newspapers. In today’s Turkey, the eu is a spent political force. In theory, all it needs to do to remedy this is to say that a democratic Turkey, as opposed to the police state Mr Erdogan has been assembling, can expect to have a place in the eu once it cleans up its act. Turkey’s beleaguered democrats would like to hear nothing more. Mr Erdogan would probably like to hear nothing less.

Yet this is the one thing eu officials cannot say. Turkey is bigger than any eu country and its people are mostly Muslim. Many European voters regard the prospect of such a nation joining the club with horror. So the chances are that the eu will not accept Turkey whatever its democratic credentials. Signs of this were present from the start of the membership talks in 2005, when European leaders insisted on an “open-ended process”, the outcome of which they would not guarantee.

In Mr Erdogan and his government they have found a terrific excuse to kick the can down the road. Turkey’s leader has locked up the Kurdish opposition, harassed the mainstream one, neutered the press and the courts, and clashed with Greece, Cyprus and France in the Eastern Mediterranean. As a German foreign minister remarked a few years ago, the eu will keep Turkey out of the club as long as Mr Erdogan is in power. The truth is that it will probably do so no matter who is in charge.

For now, both the eu and Turkey have decided that the best thing to do is nothing. Neither wants to break off negotiations, and both have something to gain from the impasse. Europe does not have to push forward a process it does not believe in, and Mr Erdogan does not have to sign up to reforms that would weaken his control over parts of Turkey’s economy and its institutions.

As a result, it is the deal the two sides made in 2016, after nearly a million migrants and refugees reached Greece, that now drives the relationship. In exchange for $6bn in assistance to Syrian refugees and a vague promise of visa-free travel to Europe for Turks, Mr Erdogan’s government has reined in smuggling networks and taken back migrants attempting to cross the Aegean. The eu has reason to be pleased. The number of crossings dipped to less than 10,000 last year, compared with 850,000 in 2015. Some in Europe now propose extending the agreement’s provisions to Afghans. Turkey has so far balked at that idea.

The deal has also changed the way the eu and Turkey do business. European governments, especially Germany’s, are now extremely wary of rocking Mr Erdogan’s boat, says Michael Leigh, a former eu official. The leverage the eu once had over Turkey’s leader has gone. The bloc occasionally makes noises about human rights, democracy and the need for a solution in Cyprus. Mr Erdogan blithely ignores them.

The migration deal helped contain a populist backlash in Europe. But it has helped spark one in Turkey. Resentment of refugees, made worse by an economic crisis, has occasionally turned violent. Earlier this month a mob in Ankara, Turkey’s capital, destroyed homes and shops belonging to Syrians after a Turkish teenager died in a fight between locals and refugees. Such incidents remain rare, a remarkable thing given the size of the refugee population. But tensions are bound to mount as tens of thousands of newcomers start to reach Turkey, this time from Afghanistan, by way of Iran.

Getting nasty

Until recently, immigration had not been a big issue in Turkish politics. But this too is changing. The opposition has tapped into anti-refugee sentiment. Kemal Kilicdaroglu, head of the chp, the largest opposition party, recently pledged to send all Syrian refugees home if his party takes power. (Most Turks, including a majority of government supporters, would support this, polls say.) Mr Erdogan, already criticised for keeping the border with Syria open for years, is facing heat for doing too little to protect the one with Iran. Work on a border wall is continuing. The debate is poised to become nastier ahead of elections scheduled for 2023. The deal with the eu is sure to come under fire.

Some Turkish diplomats suggest fixing the relationship with the eu through seemingly technocratic manoeuvres, including an upgrade to the bloc’s customs union with Turkey, visa liberalisation and co-operation on foreign policy. But even this seems impossible. Turkey does not want to make the necessary concessions, including an overhaul of its draconian terrorism laws, and the eu does not want to be seen as offering Mr Erdogan rewards. A breakthrough may happen, but not before voters give Mr Erdogan and his coalition the boot. Even then, eu membership will not be on the table. Perhaps it was never there to begin with.

This article appeared in the Europe section of the print edition under the headline "Nowhere fast"

The fiction that Turkey is a candidate to join the EU is unravelling | The Economist
 

Plain Jane

Just Plain Jane



Ukraine’s leader to talk with Biden on security, Russian gas
By YURAS KARMANAU42 minutes ago


FILE - In this Thursday, Feb. 11, 2021 file photo, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy talks with servicemen as he visits the war-hit Donetsk region, eastern Ukraine. Ukraine's leader is traveling to the United States in hopes of bolstering security ties with Washington and persuading the Biden administration to ramp up sanctions against a new Russian gas pipeline that bypasses his country. (Ukrainian Presidential Press Office via AP, File)
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FILE - In this Thursday, Feb. 11, 2021 file photo, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy talks with servicemen as he visits the war-hit Donetsk region, eastern Ukraine. Ukraine's leader is traveling to the United States in hopes of bolstering security ties with Washington and persuading the Biden administration to ramp up sanctions against a new Russian gas pipeline that bypasses his country. (Ukrainian Presidential Press Office via AP, File)

KYIV, Ukraine (AP) — Ukraine’s leader is traveling to the United States this week in hopes of bolstering security ties with Washington and persuading the administration to ramp up sanctions against a new Russian natural gas pipeline that bypasses his country.

President Volodymyr Zelenskyy has called Washington’s failure to block the construction of the Nord Stream 2 pipeline to Germany a grave political error, and he is expected to again raise the issue during his talks Wednesday with U.S. President Joe Biden.

Zelenskyy has described the new pipeline as a powerful geopolitical weapon for Russia, which annexed Ukraine’s Crimean Peninsula in 2014 after the ouster of the former Kremlin-friendly president and has thrown its weight behind a separatist insurgency in eastern Ukraine.

Washington has strongly opposed the construction of Nord Stream 2, but the Biden administration has opted not to punish the German company overseeing the project while announcing new sanctions against Russian companies and ships.


Zelenskyy has warned that Nord Stream 2 would mark a major victory for Moscow and a “personal loss” for Biden. The undiplomatic comments reflect Ukrainian fears that the new pipeline will deprive it of $3 billion in annual transit fees for pumping Russian gas to Europe, erode its strategic importance and make it more vulnerable to Kremlin pressure.
Yuriy Vitrenko, the head of Ukraine’s state-controlled Naftogaz oil and gas company, told The Associated Press that Ukraine would urge the U.S. to slap Nord Stream 2 with tougher sanctions.
“We’ll be very, very loud, because it’s a matter of national security for Ukraine, for the region, and we believe for the U.S. as well,” Vitrenko said.
Ukraine has urged the U.S. and Germany to help pressure Moscow to prolong the current contract for transit of Russian gas via Ukraine that expires in 2024. Russian President Vladimir Putin has held the door open for an extension, but noted that it would hinge on the European demand for Russian gas.

Ukrainian officials have argued that a U.S.-German agreement that offers some compensation for Ukraine isn’t enough.

“We continue underlining that Nord Stream 2 is not a matter of some kind of compensation program,” Vitrenko said. “It’s a security threat for Ukraine, because if there is no physical transit of gas through Ukraine, it increases the chance of a full-scale war between Russia and Ukraine and it’s not in the interests of Ukraine, and it’s not in the interests of Europe, not in the interest of the U.S.”
The Biden-Zelenskyy meeting, initially set for Tuesday, was pushed back a day due to developments in Afghanistan.
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Ukrainian Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba voiced hope that the talks will help “bring the strategic partnership between Ukraine and the United States to the next level.” He told The Associated Press that Ukraine’s push for a stronger U.S. security assistance “will be absolutely crucial and absolutely central to all discussions.”

A 2015 peace deal brokered by France and Germany helped end large-scale battles in eastern Ukraine, but regular skirmishes have continued and political settlement efforts have stalled. More than 14,000 people have been killed in the fighting since 2014.

Earlier this year, increasing cease-fire violations in eastern Ukraine and a major Russian troop buildup near the border fueled fears by Kyiv and Western powers of renewed hostilities. Next month’s massive Russia-Belarus war games in western Russia, which are to involve 200,000 troops, will likely trigger new concerns.
Amid the tug-of-war with Moscow, Ukraine has pushed strongly to be allowed to join NATO.
“Ukraine has a very clear strategic goal of becoming a member of NATO,” Kuleba told the AP.
Observers are skeptical, however, about Ukraine’s ability to secure a road map for NATO membership amid the spiraling conflict in the east and its continuing tensions with Russia.
“The U.S. understands that its European partners are against granting Ukraine a membership action plan because they fear a conflict with Russia,” said Volodymyr Fesenko, head of the Penta Center think tank. “The U.S. wants to strengthen its partnership with Europe, and Germany in particular, so it has to take the position of its European partners into account.”
The U.S. and its Western allies have warned Ukraine that the pace of its integration into the Euro-Atlantic structures will hinge on its efforts to combat endemic corruption and conduct reforms. When Biden visited Ukraine as vice president in 2015, he urged Ukrainian authorities to step up the fight against graft.
“The demand to fight corruption has become a familiar issue in Ukraine-U.S. talks during the past decades,” said Vadim Karasev, an independent Kyiv-based political analyst. “Many in Kyiv accuse the U.S. of turning the fight against corruption into a screen to hide its reluctance to intensify relations with Ukraine.”

Before Biden’s election, Zelenskyy became an involuntary actor on the U.S. political scene amid the inquiry against U.S. President Donald Trump that led to his impeachment in 2019. The motion was triggered by a phone call in which Trump pushed Zelenskyy to investigate Biden and his son, Hunter, who at the time was on the board of a Ukrainian energy company.

Karasev noted that after Zelenskyy and two of his predecessors all figured in U.S. political scandals, “the toxic nature of the Ukrainian issue makes any U.S. leader act with extreme caution.”

Fesenko said Zelenskyy’s visit to Washington is part of Ukraine’s long-term strategic diplomacy.
“There will be no sensations or breakthroughs, but putting our military-technical cooperation with the U.S. on a systemic legal basis would undoubtedly be a significant result,” Fesenko said. “The U.S. is a major geopolitical partner and ally for Ukraine and a very important factor in confronting Russia.”
___
Vladimir Isachenkov in Moscow contributed to this report.
 

northern watch

TB Fanatic
Is the fall of Kabul the kick European defense needs?

DW
September 2 2021


Laments and lessons learned: Afghanistan has provided another stark assessment of EU military autonomy. Teri Schultz looks at how Brussels is trying to build (itself) back better.

"Afghanistan has shown that the deficiencies in our strategic autonomy comes with a price," European Union foreign policy chief Josep Borrell said after an informal meeting of defense ministers on Thursday. "And that the only way forward is to combine our forces and strengthen not only our capacity, but also our will to act."

A day earlier, Borrell used sharper words in an editorial in The New York Times, calling the recent developments in Afghanistan a "debacle" which should serve as "wake-up call" for Europe and "catalyze history."

EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell speaks after a defense ministers meeting
Borrell is due to deliver an updated EU military strategy in the coming months

In particular among the most recent developments, US President Joe Biden's rejection of a European call to keep Kabul's airport open past August 31 to enable more evacuations has left a bitter taste in European mouths.

European Council President Charles Michel has weighed in as well, speaking Wednesday at the Bled Strategic Forum in Slovenia. "As a global economic and democratic power, can Europe be content with a situation where we are unable to ensure unassisted the evacuation of our citizens and those under threat because they have helped us?"

New force, same as the old force?

Until now, EU governments' differences have outweighed their discontent about this status quo, but the feeling of shame and frustration over Afghanistan has reignited the desire for more self-sufficiency. The idea getting the most attention is what's being called an "initial entry force" of approximately 5,000 personnel, not an entirely new concept for Europe but one leaders now can see would have been extremely useful in recent days.

"This would have helped us to provide a security perimeter for the evacuation of EU citizens in Kabul" after the US departure, Borrell noted at the press conference on Thursday.


Standing alongside Borrell, Slovenian Defense Minister Matej Tonin, whose country currently holds the EU's rotating presidency, acknowledged that the lack of a new rapid response force isn't the only hurdle to being what he called a "credible peace provider."

"We have to speed up our political decision making," he said, noting that the bloc already established battle groups of 1,500 people each in 2007 but had never deployed them. Tonin admitted that this was due to "problems related to the political decision making of how to use them." He added that ministers were actively discussing how to avoid such political paralysis "so as to end up with final decisions in our hands as soon as possible and to deploy our units in the regions where it is necessary and protect our interests."

Analysts call for EU to take responsibility for defense

Ulrike Franke, a senior policy fellow with the European Council on Foreign Relations, isn't convinced. "I find it fascinating that we now focus so much on the capabilities that were lacking in Afghanistan," she told DW, noting the existence of the standing battle groups. "I absolutely do not believe that the Europeans did want to do more, even if they had the capabilities."

Earlier Thursday, Franke launched a poll on Twitter to ask her thousands of followers if they agreed.

With more than a thousand respondents to Franke's poll, only a quarter of those who answered believed having another 5,000-person military unit would have changed the EU's behavior in Afghanistan.
Franke said that allowing Washington to dictate the terms of the EU's withdrawal from Afghanistan had illustrated a lack of political will and political interest. That's something, she noted, that would also hinder the use of any new force unless it's worked out.

Franke suggested the EU would have to decide that some joint defense decisions can be taken without unanimity of member states, perhaps by the European Commission or European Parliament.

German EU lawmaker Hannah Neumann seconded that idea. "As long as member states are not willing to really transfer sovereignty and decision-making authority to the EU level, also in defense, we will only move ahead in baby steps, if at all," warned Neumann, who serves on the European Parliament's subcommittee on security and defense.

In addition to never making use of the battle groups, Neumann said the EU had a joint strategy for evacuating staff from embassies in Kabul which it didn't activate. "Member states were flying out their own local staff, if at all, and only at a later stage started to cooperate," she told DW. "Even now, in crisis diplomacy, embassies and foreign ministers are traveling to the region, each one with their own agenda. This is not a European approach!"

German Defense Minister Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer
Kramp-Karrenbauer said Germany would recommend 'coalitions of the willing' when swift action is needed from the EU

Germany pushing for 'coalitions of the willing'

Germany is pushing an option which advocates acting with less consensus, not more. Following Thursday's meeting, German Defense Minister Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer said Berlin will be proposing a way the EU could create "coalitions of the willing" when swift action is needed. After an EU decision of all 27 governments to deploy forces, the recommendation would allow those who wish to join such a mission.

Tweeting in German, Kramp-Karrenbauer said the Taliban takeover was indeed a "severe blow." But, she emphasized, "whether it is really a permanent defeat" will be determined by whether the EU uses the lessons to build itself up to be on equal footing with the US and strengthen the trans-Atlantic alliance. "Then we win," she said.

Is the fall of Kabul the kick European defense needs? | Europe | News and current affairs from around the continent | DW | 02.09.2021
 

northern watch

TB Fanatic
Pope asks for prayers for pilgrimage to 'heart of Europe'
Pope Francis says he'll be traveling to the “heart of Europe" when he makes a pilgrimage to Hungary and Slovakia later this month
By The Associated Press
5 September 2021, 06:27

Pope Francis delivers his blessing as he recites the Angelus noon prayer from the window of his studio overlooking St.Peter's Square, at the Vatican, Sunday, Sept. 5, 2021. (AP Photo/Andrew Medichini)

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The Associated Press
Pope Francis delivers his blessing as he recites the Angelus noon prayer from the window of his studio overlooking St.Peter's Square, at the Vatican, Sunday, Sept. 5, 2021. (AP Photo/Andrew Medichini)

ROME -- Pope Francis on Sunday asked for prayers for his visit later this month to “the heart of Europe,” a four-day pilgrimage to Hungary and Slovakia, which will be his first travels since surgery earlier this summer.

Francis spoke of his trip that begins in Hungary on Sept. 12, then takes him to Slovakia, before returning to the Vatican on Sept. 15.

The pontiff had surgery on July 4 to remove a portion of his large intestine. The trip will be a test of stamina for the 84-year-old leader of the Roman Catholic Church.

Speaking to the public in St. Peter's Square, Francis asked the faithful to “accompany" him with prayer during the pilgrimage.

He'll begin the trip in Budapest to mark the end of a gathering aimed at stressing the importance of the Eucharist for Catholics and conclude it in Slovakia with a ceremony to honor the Virgin Mary, that country's religious patron.

He said the pilgrimage will be marked by prayer “in the heart of Europe."

Francis thanked all those who prepared the trip and affectionately greeted “all those awaiting me and whom I wish from my heart to meet."

In his remarks, he paid tribute to “so many heroic” faithful, who persevered despite “hostilities and persecutions.” Francis didn't elaborate. But it appeared to be a reference to conflicts that bloodied Europe and decades of rule in the 20th century by officially atheist Communist authorities in much of Central and Eastern Europe.

May those heroic examples “help Europe to bear witness, even today, not so much in words, but above all in deeds, with works of mercy and welcome" to the faith, the pope said.

Pope asks for prayers for pilgrimage to 'heart of Europe' - ABC News (go.com)
 

northern watch

TB Fanatic
Polish lawmakers uphold state of emergency at Belarus border
Poland’s parliament has upheld the state of emergency along the border with Belarus that was declared last week amid migration pressure

By VANESSA GERA Associated Press
6 September 2021, 11:07

WireAP_d6ef0a77623545bab295448ccc26771c_16x9_992.jpg


WARSAW, Poland -- Poland’s parliament voted Monday to uphold the state of emergency along the border with Belarus that was declared last week amid migration pressure.

The vote came after Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki told lawmakers that the country faces a threat from Russia and Belarus as he sought support for the state of emergency, which was declared last week by President Andrzej Duda — a step unprecedented in the country's post-communist history.

Morawiecki told the parliament that the defense of the Polish borders is the responsibility of the state, and that "in Moscow and Minsk scenarios are being written" that threaten Poland's security and sovereignty.

Poland, Lithuania and Latvia — the three European Union nations that border Belarus — accuse Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko of pushing migrants from Iraq, Afghanistan, Syria and elsewhere into their countries illegally. They call it an act of “hybrid war” against their countries in revenge for EU sanctions.

Morawiecki and other officials have defended the state of emergency also by noting that Moscow will begin large military exercises in Russia and Belarus later this month
.

The state of emergency allows the authorities to prevent journalists and other civilians from operating within 3 kilometers (nearly 2 miles) from the border with Belarus. Some lawmakers accused the government of using it to limit the rights of journalists to work, and citizens the right to obtain information, from the border.

Tomasz Siemoniak, deputy leader of the main opposition party, Civic Platform, said there was no doubt that Poland has external opponents seeking to weaken it, a threat he said should never be taken lightly. But the former defense minister argued there was no justification for the state of emergency now. He accused the ruling authorities of using it to distract from rising prices, scandals and problems in the health system.

Morawiecki said at an earlier news conference that migrants trying to enter into Poland illegally from Belarus are being provided with food and money by the Belarusian security services.

While thousands of migrants have been pushed back or put in closed centers for immigrants, the main focus for weeks has been around 30 people stranded on the Poland-Belarus border.

The International Organization for Migration in Geneva said it is deeply concerned about the “dire conditions” they are in, saying they are facing “extremely harsh conditions, with limited access to drinking water and food, medical assistance, sanitation facilities and shelter.”

“Prolonging this unacceptable situation poses a grievous threat to the migrants’ lives and health,” the IOM said.

Polish officials pushed back strongly against the view that the migrants are victims deprived of humanitarian aid. In Warsaw, the Polish authorities released images which they said showed Belarusian security forces providing the migrants with food, clothes and transport by car. Some appeared to show officials from the Belarus Red Cross, which visited them last week.

Blazej Pobozy, a deputy interior minister, said it was a “false narrative” to view the people at the border as “poor, hungry refugees who do not get help from anywhere.”

Interior Minister Mariusz Kaminski said most who crossed into Poland illegally are Iraqis who traveled by plane from Baghdad to Minsk. He said there was also a group of Afghans who have lived for years in Russia and were now offered access to the EU.

The fate of the group has raised concerns among some in Poland who accuse the government of being inhumane. Poland has deployed soldiers to the border, reinforced it with razor wire and refused to let the group apply for asylum.

With Russia beginning military exercises this month, Morawiecki said “we have not had such a tense situation for 30 years.”

———

Follow AP’s global migration coverage at Migration

Polish lawmakers uphold state of emergency at Belarus border - ABC News (go.com)
 

northern watch

TB Fanatic
Go West
Russia holds the largest military exercise in Europe for 40 years

The Zapad-21 drills point to deepening ties between Russia and Belarus

20210918_EUP501.jpg


The Economist
September 13th 2021

The zapad (“west”) military exercise of 1981 was the largest and grandest exercise ever conducted by the Soviet Union, mustering as many as 150,000 troops from across the ussr and its alliance of satellite states, the Warsaw Pact. Cold-war nostalgics may be pleased to learn that this year’s iteration, which began on September 10th, might be larger still. Zapad-21 could involve up to 200,000 troops from Russia, Belarus and several other countries, if Russia’s defence ministry is to be believed, outnumbering even the very largest nato exercises of recent times. That reflects both the frostiness of Russia’s ties with the West, and the strengthening of those with Belarus.

Whether Zapad-21 will in fact match the spectacle of 1981 is not entirely clear. In part, that is because Russia is caught between playing down the scale of its exercises, for diplomatic reasons, and embellishing them, to awe its enemies. The Vienna Document, a confidence-building measure agreed between Russia and the West in 1990, says that exercises with more than 13,000 troops must be reported and open to foreign observers. In recent years, Russia has simply insisted that what appear to be huge drills are in fact a series of distinct, smaller ones, and thus exempt.

The same chicanery is being used for Zapad-21. Belarus says that it will host 12,800 troops, conveniently short of the threshold. Russia has said that no more than 6,400 personnel will train on Russian soil. In the same breath, it repeated the figure of 200,000 troops. America has asked Russia to explain “the apparent discrepancy”, notes a spokesman for the State Department. The true figure is probably somewhere in between, though closer to the upper end. “Russian military leaders likely hope Western media will report exaggerated figures,” says Michael Kofman, an expert on the Russian armed forces at cna, a think-tank, “which help validate the scale and success of the exercise.” Although the exercise formally runs from September 10th to 16th, troops and equipment have been flooding into exercise areas for months and some may almost certainly stay behind afterwards, as they did after a big build-up of troops around Ukraine in the spring.

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It is not only the size of Zapad-21 that worries the West, though. The exercise spans Russia and Belarus, with thousands of Russian troops in the latter (see map). And much as Zapad-81 occurred amid a political crisis in Poland, with growing protests against its then-communist government, the backdrop today is also turbulent. After losing an election in August 2020, Alexander Lukashenko, Belarus’s dictator, cracked down violently on protests—and moved steadily closer to the Kremlin. On September 9th in Moscow Mr Lukashenko met Vladimir Putin, Russia’s president, for the sixth time in the past year, and declared himself ready for “even closer military, political or...economic integration”. Mr Putin noted that Russian loans to Belarus between September and the end of 2022 would exceed $600m.

Zapad-21 reflects this bonhomie. Its premise is that Western aggressors—the fictional states of Njaris (mostly Lithuania), Pomorie and the Polar Republic (both Poland)—foment “illegal armed bands, separatist and international terrorist organisations” inside Belarus, and ultimately invade it. Russia and Belarus launch a daring counter-offensive to liberate the country. All of that echoes long-standing Russian fears of Western-backed “colour revolutions” in former Soviet territories; the upheaval in Belarus lends the war games contemporary resonance.

The early signs from the exercise are that Russian troops will be much farther west, and thus closer to Belarus’s border with Poland, than during past Zapad exercises, notes Mr Kofman. Some manoeuvres will take place around Brest, right on that border and just 200km from Warsaw. As the exercise began, Russia also sent an air-defence system to Grodno, where it had established a joint air-defence centre with Belarus in the spring. Grodno is close to the point where Belarus, Poland and Lithuania meet. This Zapad will also be the first to include Belarus’s reserve forces.

All of this has made Poland jittery. On September 6th Mateusz Morawiecki, Poland’s prime minister, explained why the government wanted to extend a state of emergency declared on the country’s border with Belarus the previous week. It was largely in response to a surge in refugees, encouraged by Belarus to put pressure on Poland and other neighbouring countries, but the looming drills played a role too, suggested Mr Morawiecki.

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That Zapad-21 should provoke such a response may please the Kremlin. Although Russia’s military spending is dwarfed by America’s, and lags well behind China’s (see chart), its armed forces have undergone a dramatic transformation over the past 15 years. They have gone from a ragged and resource-starved post-Soviet outfit that performed poorly in a war against Georgia in 2008 to a leaner, nimbler and more lethal organisation with years of combat experience in Ukraine and Syria. The point of exercises like Zapad is not just to refine Russia’s readiness for a big war, and its ability to wage it alongside Belarus, but also to show off that progress to would-be opponents. Zapad-21 will include not just the traditional land, air and naval offensives—as far north as the Arctic—but also the Uran-9 ground combat robot and the largest-ever electronic warfare drills.

The exercise is an opportunity for military diplomacy, too, underscoring that Russia may be a pariah in the West but has friends elsewhere. Several hundred troops from Armenia, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Pakistan and Sri Lanka are taking part, some borrowing Russian tanks. China is not attending, but held a large drill with Russia in its north-western Ningxia region last month.

Belarus has become the closest friend of all. Mr Lukashenko used to be wary of allowing too domineering a Russian presence in his country, but has been forced to rely on Russia’s help to quell the democracy movement. In the past, it was Belarus that presented itself as a staunch protector of Russia’s western flank. Now, says Anna Maria Dyner of the Polish Institute of International Affairs, “we have a situation in which it's rather Russia that is trying to defend Belarus...the emphasis on who defends whom is different from 2017”, the year the last Zapad was held.

Useful as Mr Lukashenko’s insecurity has been to Mr Putin, however, it could become a liability. Russia, although keen on muscle-flexing, does not want to be dragged into a conflict. “For the first time, there is a real risk of unintended armed incidents on the Belarusian border,” warns Artyom Shraibman of the Carnegie Moscow Centre, a think-tank, “not because either side plans to attack the other, but because of expectations of mutual provocations, and tendencies to interpret each other’s actions in the most hostile light possible.” Mr Lukashenko is so twitchy, and so angry with his European neighbours, that it is not hard to imagine an accidental flare-up.

Russia holds the largest military exercise in Europe for 40 years | The Economist
 

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Putin observes war games with Belarus that worry neighbors
Russian President Vladimir Putin has observed military exercises in coordination with Belarus that have raised concerns in bordering countries

By The Associated Press
13 September 2021, 13:11

Vladimir Putin

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The Associated Press
Russian President Vladimir Putin, center, watches through binoculars as Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu sits near during the joint strategic exercise of the armed forces of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus Zapad-2021 at the Mulino training ground in the Nizhny Novgorod region, Russia, Monday, Sept. 13, 2021. The military drills attend by servicemen of military units and divisions of the Western Military District, representatives of the leadership headquarters and personnel of military contingents of the armed forces of Armenia, Belarus, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Mongolia. (Sergei Savostyanov, Sputnik, Kremlin Pool Photo via AP)

MOSCOW -- Russian President Vladimir Putin has observed military exercises being conducted in coordination with Belarus that have raised concerns in bordering countries.

Putin on Monday attended exercises at a training ground in the Nizhny Novgorod region, 450 kilometers (275 miles) east of Moscow. The exercises included what the Defense Ministry said was the first use in a combat environment of two new robotic fighting vehicles that are equipped with machine guns and grenade launchers.

The Zapad (West)-2021 exercises being conducted at several sites in Russia and Belarus involve about 200,000 soldiers in total, including troops from Armenia, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Mongolia.

The foreign ministers of Poland, Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia on Monday expressed concerns about the maneuvers, saying Russia has not been transparent about them and noting they come amid heightened Western tensions with Belarus.

Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov brushed off those concerns, saying that “joint military exercises are a regular process.”

The exercises opened last week on the same day that Putin and Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko met and announced new moves to integrate their countries' economies.

Russian support for Belarus worries neighboring countries, who claim that Belarus is trying to destabilize them by encourage migrants from the Mideast and Africa to come and then allegedly shepherding them to its borders with the European Union nations of Lithuania, Latvia and Poland.

The migrants problem arose after Western countries imposed sanctions on Belarus for its harsh repression of opposition and its crackdown on independent news media in the wake of enormous protests against Lukashenko last year.


The protests began when Lukashenko was awarded a sixth term in office after a presidential election that the West and opposition members said was a sham.

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Follow all AP stories about developments in Belarus at Belarus.

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