Solar Grand Solar Minimum part deux

northern watch

TB Fanatic
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ExnBVh0U4AIA0Bf
 

TxGal

Day by day
The Oppenheimer Ranch Project has a new podcast out:

Scientists Observe First-Ever ‘Plasma Space Hurricane’ Above North Pole - Plasma Cosmology Confirmed - YouTube

Scientists Observe First-Ever ‘Plasma Space Hurricane’ Above North Pole - Plasma Cosmology Confirmed
2,074 views • Premiered 8 hours ago

View: https://youtu.be/EZIuoWRK8JM
Run time is 7:48

Synopsis provided:

Space hurricane observed for the first time - Hurricane resembling those in lower atmosphere observed over Earth's polar ionosphere https://bit.ly/3m2ltb8
Scientists observe first-ever ‘space hurricane’ swirling above the North Pole https://bit.ly/31t8F43
Magnetosphere simulation (VIDEO) https://bit.ly/3szwqDF
 

TxGal

Day by day
Another from Oppenheimer:

April Fools' Snow in Interior Northeast Followed By Blast of Colder Arctic Air - Iceland Lava Update - YouTube

April Fools' Snow in Interior Northeast Followed By Blast of Colder Arctic Air - Iceland Lava Update
3,429 views • Premiered 7 hours ago

View: https://youtu.be/3AbiQschyoU
Run time is 12:36

Synopsis provided:

Scientists Observe First-Ever ‘Plasma Space Hurricane’ Above North Pole - Plasma Cosmology ConfirmedApril Fools' Snow in Interior Northeast Followed By Blast of Colder Air in East https://bit.ly/3u6KNje
70s to snow? Roller coaster forecast possible for Mountain State https://bit.ly/39tGOVQ
Nashville, Tennessee Valley to get ‘heavy rain’ this week following deadly flooding, forecasters say https://fxn.ws/3szuQl3
TEMA reports 4 deaths related to overnight flooding, severe weather in Tennessee https://bit.ly/3cwSetR
Severe Weather Causes Downed Trees, Power Lines In Mount Laurel, New Jersey https://cbsloc.al/3w8wJYd
Flood waters cause massive devastation in Tennessee https://bit.ly/3m7JhdJ
Northwest and Northeast favored this week https://bit.ly/2PKApPm
GFS Model Total Snow US https://bit.ly/31sDzK0
High Winds and Critical Fire Weather in the Plains https://www.weather.gov/
GFS Model Total Snow Europe https://bit.ly/332e83w
“INSANE DEPTH OF COLD” TO BLAST BRITAIN [IN APRIL], AS SEA ICE AT BOTH POLES CONTINUES TO GROW EXPONENTIALLY https://bit.ly/3u5tajQ
Worldwide Volcano News http://bit.ly/2v9JJhO
Live from Geldingadalir volcano, Iceland https://bit.ly/3tV8URH
Lightning struck within kilometers of the North Pole https://bit.ly/3rDHGgW
and more
 

TxGal

Day by day
Heavy Snow Buries House in Romania: "You can't even see the Roof," as Indianapolis braces for its Coldest start to April in almost 3 Decades - Electroverse

house-snow-romania-e1617098356711.png


HEAVY SNOW BURIES HOUSE IN ROMANIA: “YOU CAN’T EVEN SEE THE ROOF,” AS INDIANAPOLIS BRACES FOR ITS COLDEST START TO APRIL IN ALMOST 3 DECADES
MARCH 30, 2021 ADMIN

Even according to those UHI-ignoring, agenda-driving frauds at NOAA, the year 2021 (to March 21) has seen TWICE as many new low temperature records set across the U.S. than it has record highs. The agency’s hokey data set also reveals that across the globe, record cold is outstripping record warmth this year.

Natural solar-driven global warming has ended.

The next cooling epoch is upon us.

Prepare accordingly.

HEAVY SNOW BURIES HOUSE IN ROMANIA: “YOU CAN’T EVEN SEE THE ROOF”

As reported by digi24.ro, snow totals of 10 feet (3 meters) pounded the mountain resort Vârful lui Roman, in Vâlcea County during the past 7 days.

The below footage was captured by the owner of a holiday home in the area, who was dumbfounded by the monster accumulations on and around his property:

(there's a video here that I can't bring over, please go to the link to watch it)

In Vârful lui Roman, which sits at an elevation of 1,700 meters (5,500 feet), it snowed daily for an entire week.

The result was pow-pow so deep that it has been estimated it could take 6 months to fully melt–which would actually see it survive into the next snow season.

“You can’t see the roof, the fence,” says a voice on the video.

“How can we open another gate? We jump over it … The door is no longer visible, to enter … I’ll have work to do!”

Furthermore, out-of-season snow wasn’t just confined to the higher elevations of Romania — the country’s capital city of Bucharest, at an altitude of around 73 meters (250 feet), also witnessed rare late-March flurries:

View: https://twitter.com/cum_cam_asa/status/1374817239258513413

Run time is 0:08

INDIANAPOLIS BRACES FOR ITS COLDEST START TO APRIL IN ALMOST 3 DECADES

The eastern half of North America will feel a blast of polar cold this week.

Beginning Tuesday, a mass of Arctic air will drop down from Canada and whip from west to east across the US.

By Thursday, the mass will have driven the mercury in central and eastern parts down by as much as 16C below the seasonal average, while northern and eastern Canada can expect temp departures of 20C below the norm, and beyond:

gfs_T2ma_namer_11-April-1.png

GFS 2m Temp Anomalies for April 1 [tropicaltidbits.com].

As reported by fox59.com/weather, with regards to Indianapolis: “temperatures are set to fall into the low-to-mid 20s Thursday morning and not recover much by afternoon. We are forecasting a high Thursday of only 42-degrees marking the coldest open to an April in 29 years and among the coldest 12% of April 1st’s on record.”


GFS 2m Temp Anomalies for April 1 [tropicaltidbits.com].

As visualized above, it won’t just be Indiana starting the month of April with substantial, potentially record-breaking cold; as it stands, the entire western half of the CONUS will see historic benchmarks threatened this week, from Georgia and Alabama, all the way up the eastern seaboard, and well into Canada, too.

The cold will intensify in the southeast on Friday, April 2:


GFS 2m Temp Anomalies for April 2 [tropicaltidbits.com].

With southern Texas (and northern Mexico) also siffering exceptionally low temps for the time of year:


GFS 2m Temp Anomalies for April 2 [tropicaltidbits.com].

I can’t put this any clearer: natural solar-driven global warming has ended.

The next cooling epoch is upon us.

Prepare accordingly — return to the earth, to a simpler way of life; and regain your freedoms while you’re at it.

The COLD TIMES are returning, the mid-latitudes are REFREEZING in line with the great conjunction, historically low solar activity, cloud-nucleating Cosmic Rays, and a meridional jet stream flow (among other forcings).

Both NOAA and NASA appear to agree, if you read between the lines, with NOAA saying we’re entering a ‘full-blown’ Grand Solar Minimum in the late-2020s, and NASA seeing this upcoming solar cycle (25) as “the weakest of the past 200 years”, with the agency correlating previous solar shutdowns to prolonged periods of global cooling here.

Furthermore, we can’t ignore the slew of new scientific papers stating the immense impact The Beaufort Gyre could have on the Gulf Stream, and therefore the climate overall.





Prepare accordinglylearn the facts, relocate if need be, and grow your own.
 

TxGal

Day by day
Adapt 2030 has a new podcast out:

Magnetic Anomalies Across the Solar System - YouTube

Magnetic Anomalies Across the Solar System
11,193 views • Mar 31, 2021

View: https://youtu.be/AfnfspLvCgE
Run time is 10:21

Synopsis provided:

Saturn's poles and equator glow brighter with changes and space hurricanes and Arctic lightning intensify. Rare EF4 tornadoes in Georgia, record cold thunderstorm tops and jet fuel freezing in engines as low as 25,000 ft all point to a changing atmosphere brought about by a stepdown in solar activity.
 

TxGal

Day by day
Heavy April Snow to Pummel Multiple Continents Simultaneously, as the Sun [once again] Fades to Blank - Electroverse

spotless-sun-e1572264451275.jpg


HEAVY APRIL SNOW TO PUMMEL MULTIPLE CONTINENTS SIMULTANEOUSLY, AS THE SUN [ONCE AGAIN] FADES TO BLANK
MARCH 31, 2021 CAP ALLON

From CANADA to HAWAII, and from SWEDEN to SPAIN, the month of March is exiting like a “snowy lion” as rare accumulations continue to build — and things are forecast to turn even snowier as April rolls in.

The spring snowstorm that recently left a trail of wreckage in Saskatchewan and Alberta before cutting through central Manitoba has mostly moved into NW Ontario, according to Environment Canada; but it is not exiting quietly, reports cbc.ca: “howling winds are rattling, clanging and banging street lights, flag poles and anything else trying to resist the strong gusts.”

The highest amounts of snow fell around Flin Flon, which will likely top 30 cm (a foot) once the final count is in.

View: https://twitter.com/manitobahydro/status/1376895690165608453


Winter is also taking its time departing the island of Hawaii.

With accumulating snow and ice, the National Weather Service (NWS) in Honolulu is extending a Winter Weather Advisory for the Big Island summits of Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa, reports weatherboy.com.

“Snow showers and fog will significantly reduce visibility at times, with periods of zero visibility,” the NWS warns.


Mauna Kea [Image: WeatherBoy].

HEAVY APRIL SNOW TO PUMMEL MULTIPLE CONTINENTS SIMULTANEOUSLY

“Potent cold front crashes east across U.S., with plunging temperatures, wind and snow for some,” reads the headline of king of the warm-mongers the washingtonpost.com, who go on to alert their readers that the “strong cold front” is “packing a punch in the form of strong winds and fire weather concerns.”

The WP article largely sidesteps the intensifying cold and snow, and instead –and utterly predictably– lends its paragraphs to hyping the small wildfire threat.

Conversely, the headline syracuse.com opted for is much more on point: “Significant snow headed for Upstate NY,” opens the article, with a recent update reading: “A winter storm watch has been issued for parts of Upstate New York for up to 10 inches of snow on Thursday” — the watch will be in effect from late Wed through Thur.

“Greater than 4 inches of snow is looking more likely for much of the Finger Lakes region into the New York Thruway corridor, with isolated amounts of 6+ inches where the heaviest snow band sets up,” said the weather service office in Binghamton, which forecasts for the Finger Lakes and Central New York.

The heavy, wet snow will likely make driving treacherous, and weigh down trees and power lines enough to cause power outages. The initial ratio of snow-to-water will be about 4 to 1, meaning that 4 inches of snow contain the equivalent of an inch of rain. That’s extremely wet snow; but as temperatures plunge that ratio will drop to a something like 12 or 14 to 1, the weather service said, more typical of a winter snow.

“February-like blast to send temps crashing in Northeast,” reads a recent aol.com headline.

“A blast of cold air is projected to slash temperatures by 30-50 degrees Fahrenheit in much of the Northeast by April 1,” says senior Accuweather meteorologist Alex Sosnowski (that name is too perfect), who goes on to warn that the conditions will be “no joke,” with snow forecast to fall and accumulate as cold winds add to the winterlike feel later this week.

“It’s a roller coaster ride here in the Northeast,” said AccuWeather On-Air Meteorologist Brittany Boyer.

“You could actually call it weather whiplash,” continues Boyer.

“It’s going to go from feeling like spring to feeling like winter.”


The majority of Canada will also cop a blast of out-of-season cold and snow:


GFS Total Snowfall (inches) April 1 to April 16 [tropicaltidbits.com].

And in Europe, much of the continent can expect a rare April burial as the month progresses:


GFS Total Snowfall (cm) April 1 to April 16 [tropicaltidbits.com].

Asia won’t be spared either.

The mammoth mass of Arctic cold that has lingered in northern parts since mid-December, 2020 looks set to power into its fifth month:



THE SUN IS ONCE AGAIN SPOTLESS

Solar and geomagnetic activity are very low — the Sun is once again spotless.

Yesterday, a solitary spot was spotted on the northwestern limb.

The prominence, though weak, was photographed raining plasma onto the surface of the Sun:


Prominence raining plasma onto the Sun [Image: Philippe Tosi].

Prominences are clouds of plasma held above the surface of the sun by magnetic fields, explains Dr Tony Phillips at spaceweather.com — a closer look at Tosi’s photo reveals state-sized “raindrops” falling back to the surface.

Magnetic forces holding the prominence up are clearly leaky.


A closer look [Image: Philippe Tosi].

Today, March 31, the Sun is once again blank, the above prominence has faded, and the quiet conditions are further prolonging the already historically-weak ramp-up to Solar Cycle 25.

A spotless Sun is expected to continue for at least another 2 to 3 days, before a possible farside sunspot rotates Earthside, bringing with it a chance of renewed activity:


Farside sunspot [spaceweather.com].

Today’s uneventful solar disc is a far cry from events on this day 20 years ago, continues Dr. Phillips.

The solar disk of March 31, 2001 (during the peak of SC23) was dominated a monstrous sunspot called AR9393 — the biggest sunspot of all of Solar Cycle 23:


AR9393

AR9393 hurled a pair of CMEs toward Earth.

The first one struck on March 31, 2001, sparking a severe (G5-class) geomagnetic storm: sky watchers as far south as Texas and Mexico saw bright Northern Lights after the impact, while in Bishop, CA, home of spaceweather.com, Dr. Phillips observed “red and green auroras dancing for hours” over the Sierra Nevada mountains at latitude +37 degrees.

What a difference 20 years makes:

  • 9393_big.gif
  • Active Sun, March 31, 2001

  • hmi1898-4.gif
  • Blank Sun, March 31, 2021

The COLD TIMES are returning, the mid-latitudes are REFREEZING in line with the great conjunction, historically low solar activity, cloud-nucleating Cosmic Rays, and a meridional jet stream flow (among other forcings).

Both NOAA and NASA appear to agree, if you read between the lines, with NOAA saying we’re entering a ‘full-blown’ Grand Solar Minimum in the late-2020s, and NASA seeing this upcoming solar cycle (25) as “the weakest of the past 200 years”, with the agency correlating previous solar shutdowns to prolonged periods of global cooling here.

Furthermore, we can’t ignore the slew of new scientific papers stating the immense impact The Beaufort Gyre could have on the Gulf Stream, and therefore the climate overall.





Prepare accordinglylearn the facts, relocate if need be, and grow your own.
 

TxGal

Day by day
While this is not directly related to GSM, the below article concerns energy for heating in winter and cooling in summer. Since Texas just went through a heating disaster of epic proportion this winter, it's an article to read for staying warm in the GSM going forward:

It takes big energy to back up little wind and solar - Ice Age Now

It takes big energy to back up little wind and solar
March 31, 2021 by Robert

What happens if wind and solar can’t meet peak demand? The plan is to buy all the MBR juice from the neighbors! But if everyone is going wind and solar, no one will have juice to sell. In fact they will all be trying to buy power – which cannot possibly work.

– David Wojick
_________

“You’ve probably never heard of “minimum backup requirement” for wind and solar,” writes Paul Driessen. “Neither have most people – including Joe Biden and the other politicians who are constantly demanding that we get rid of fossil fuel electricity generation … and replace it with wind and solar. But it’s a vitally important concept – one that these politicians don’t want us to discuss.”

“It’s the amount of generating capacity a local, state or regional power system must have if it is to reliably produce the electricity we need when wind and solar don’t produce enough (or any). In this article Dave Wojick explains what it is – and why all of us better get a good handle on the subject … before our political classes condemn us to repeated blackouts, in the name of saving people and planet from “dangerous manmade global warming and climate change.”
_________

It takes big energy to back up little wind and solar

Depending on weather-dependent energy for jobs and living standards takes money, resources

David Wojick

Power system design can be extremely complex, but one simple number is painfully obvious. At least it’s painful (and terribly inconvenient) to advocates of wind and solar power – which may be why we never hear about it, why it too often gets deliberately hidden from view. It is a big, bad number.

To my knowledge, this big number has no name, but it should. Let’s call it the “minimum backup requirement” for wind and solar, or MBR. The minimum backup requirement is how much generating capacity a system must have if it is to reliably produce the electricity we need when wind and solar don’t.

For most places, the magnitude of MBR is very simple. It is all the juice needed on the hottest or coldest low wind nights. It is night, so there is no solar. Sustained wind is less than eight miles per hour, so there is no wind power. It is very hot or very cold, so the need for power is very high.

In many places, MBR will be close to the maximum power the system ever needs, because heat waves and cold spells are often low wind events, as well. Both heat and cold are often caused by large high pressure systems that have very little wind in them.

Think Texas

During heat waves, it may be a bit hotter during the day but not that much. During cold spells, it is often coldest at night, when people need power the most, so they don’t freeze to death in the dark. Think Texas.

Thus what is called “peak demand” is a good approximation for the maximum backup requirement. In other words, there has to be enough reliable generating capacity to provide all the maximum power the system will ever need. For any public power system, that is a very big number; as big as it gets, in fact.

Actually, it’s even a bit bigger, because there also has to be margin of safety, or what is called “reserve capacity.” This is to account for something not working as and when it should. Fifteen percent is a typical reserve in American systems. This makes the minimum backup requirement something like 115% of peak demand.

We’re often told wind and solar are cheaper than coal, gas and nuclear power. But that does not include the MBR for wind and solar. What is relatively cheap for wind and solar is the cost to produce a unit of electricity under optimal conditions. This is often called LCOE or the “levelized cost of energy.”

The total cost makes wind and solar very expensive

What we really need to be talking about has to reflect the need to add reliable backup energy to give people the power they need, when they need it. This total cost makes wind and solar very expensive.

In short, the true cost of wind and solar is LCOE + MBR. This is the huge cost you never hear about. But if every state goes to wind and solar, then each one will need to have MBR for roughly its entire peak demand. That is an enormous amount of generating capacity.

It means more than doubling the normally needed generating capacity … the raw materials to build that dual capacity … and the real costs of having insufficient, widely dispersed, land-intensive, weather dependent, unreliable wind and solar, plus that minimum backup requirement. Simply put, it takes big energy to back up what is often too little wind and solar power.

Of course, the cost of MBR depends on the generating technology. Battery storage is out, because the cost is astronomical for the billions of half-ton battery modules that would be needed to store enough power for a city, state, region or country during multiple days of low wind and low sun.

Gas fired generation might be best, but it is fossil fueled, as is coal. If one insists on zero fossil fuel, then nuclear is probably the only option. Operating nuclear plants as intermittent backup is stupid and expensive, but so is no fossil fuel generation – or no electricity generation. And getting new nuclear plants built almost anywhere on Planet Earth is all but impossible in today’s political climate.

What is clearly ruled out is 100% renewables, because there would frequently be no electricity at all. That is unless geothermal could be made to work on an enormous scale, which would take many decades to develop. (And many of the best traditional geothermal sites are in or near national parks, and other scenic or natural areas, like Yellowstone, making environmentalist opposition a foregone conclusion.)

It is clear that the Biden Administration’s goal of zero fossil fuel electricity by 2035 (without nuclear) is economically impossible because of the minimum backup requirements for wind and solar. You can’t get there from here.

We shouldn’t have to wonder why we almost never hear about this obviously enormous cost for wind and solar. Bringing it into the open would seriously undermine the case for “affordable, clean, green, renewable, sustainable” energy. So the utility companies I’ve looked at avoid it with a clever trick.

Dominion Energy, which supplies most of Virginia’s juice, is a good example. The Virginia Legislature passed a law (the 2020 Virginia Clean Energy Act) saying Dominion’s power generation had to be zero fossil-fueled by 2045. Dominion developed a Plan explaining how they would supposedly do this.

Tucked away in passing on page 119, the company says it will expand its capacity for importing power purchased from other utilities. This increase happens to be to an amount equal to their peak demand.

Buy the needed power from the neighbors

The plan is to buy all the MBR juice from the neighbors! But if everyone is going wind and solar, no one will have juice to sell. In fact they will all be trying to buy power – which cannot possibly work.

Don’t forget, the high pressure systems that cause low wind can be huge, covering a dozen or more states. They can last for days. For that matter, no one has that kind of excess generating capacity today, when we still have abundant coal, gas and nuclear power for primary electricity generation and backup.

Most utilities are barely covering their own needs as it is. Once every utility, in every state, is required to go 100% zero fossil fuel, it will be a guaranteed debacle, over and over.

Big cities like New York won’t be able to buy their way out of repeated blackouts.

To summarize, for every utility there will be times when there is zero wind and solar power, combined with near peak demand. Meeting this huge need is the minimum backup requirement. The huge cost of meeting this requirement is part of the cost of wind and solar power – the part nobody wants to talk about, especially politicians, environmentalists and utilities. MBR makes wind and solar extremely expensive.

The simple question to ask the Biden Administration, the states and their power utilities is this: How will you provide power on hot or cold low-wind nights?

When you ask that question, stay by the microphone, so that you can demand more than the doubletalk, phony assurances and outright lies you will assuredly get when they first respond to this vitally important, inconvenient, anti-woke question.

David Wojick is an independent analyst specializing in science, logic and human rights in public policy, and author of numerous articles on these topics.
 

TxGal

Day by day
The Oppenheimer Ranch Project has a new podcast out:

Constraining Earth’s Dynamical Ellipticity - Glacial Periods in Earth’s History - Cosmic Catastrophe - YouTube

Constraining Earth’s Dynamical Ellipticity - Glacial Periods in Earth’s History - Cosmic Catastrophe
2,240 views • Premiered 9 hours ago

View: https://youtu.be/E1m3uoCdQvw
Run time is 12:09

Synopsis provided:

Constraining the Earth's Dynamical Ellipticity from Ice Age Dynamics https://bit.ly/2Ph4bLK
Geomagnetic dipole moment variations for the last glacial period inferred from cosmogenic radionuclides in Greenland ice cores via disentangling the climate and production signals https://bit.ly/3fuqSGT
Glacial Periods in Earth’s History https://bit.ly/3rJDtbA
Known Recent Magnetic Excursions https://bit.ly/3uftdt9
Ice Age Temperature Change by Proxy
https://bit.ly/39vwTPR
 

TxGal

Day by day
Grand Solar Minimums and the Fall of Empires: A Great Crash Looms - Electroverse

crash-looms.jpg


GRAND SOLAR MINIMUMS AND THE FALL OF EMPIRES: A GREAT CRASH LOOMS
APRIL 1, 2021 CAP ALLON

Earth is gradually sliding into its next Ice Age, and has been doing so for the past 10,000 years. Today, modern civilization is on the cusp of a stratospheric fall, and it’s all to do with the Sun.

Societies flourish during times of warmth and high solar activity, the periods of Minoan, Roman and Medieval Warming are evidence of this.

Successful civilizations are built on the presumed constant and predictable climate that comes with solar maximums, and a civilizations reliance on its fragile infrastructure only grows as the decades of reliable climate pass.

But when the constant is broken, it’s broken fast, and the system can’t adapt quickly enough to cope with the descending cold — overlaying the peak of past civilizations atop the GISP2 Ice Core data clearly illustrates the pattern:


Civilizations flourish during times of warmth, and crumble soon after the cold sets in.

RISE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE

If we look at the Roman Empire, it’s apparent the sun was at the heart of everything.

The period from 200 BC to 150 AD — when the Roman project was at its most healthy — also coincided with what is often referred to as the ‘Roman Climate Optimum’, when the weather warmed up due to high solar activity.

Pliny the Elder, writing in the first century AD, described how beech trees, which used to grow only in the lowlands, started climbing up mountains as the temperature rose. Olives and vines were grown further and further north. The Empire became a giant greenhouse.

But the weather drastically deteriorated in 150–400 AD when solar output dropped — the ‘Roman Transitional Period’ — and hit temperature lows in the ‘Late Antique Little Ice Age’ from 450–700 AD.

Growing seasons were shortened, food shortages ensued, disease became rampant, millions died and the Empire fell apart.

MEDIEVAL WARMING

The Medieval Warm Period — from about 900 AD to 1300 AD — was a time when global temperatures were as much as 1.4C above present levels.

Oxygen isotope studies in Greenland, Ireland, Germany, Switzerland, Tibet, China, New Zealand, and elsewhere, plus tree-ring data from many sites around the world all confirm the presence of a global Medieval Warm period.

The period coincided with a Grand Solar Maximum, a time of prolonged high solar output, and humans were once again prospering.

Don J. Easterbrook writes in Evidence-Based Climate Science:

Its effects were evident in Europe where grain crops flourished, alpine tree lines rose, many new cities arose, and the population more than doubled.

The Vikings took advantage of the climatic amelioration to colonize Greenland, and wine grapes were grown as far north as England where growing grapes is now not feasible and about 500 km north of present vineyards in France and Germany.

Grapes are presently grown in Germany up to elevations of about 560 m, but from about 1100 A.D. to 1300 A.D., vineyards extended up to 780 m, implying temperatures warmer by about 1.0–1.4 °C (Oliver, 1973).

Wheat and oats were grown around Trondheim, Norway, suggesting climates about 1 °C warmer than present (Fagan, 2000).


THE LITTLE ICE AGE

At the end of the Medieval Warm Period, ∼1300 AD, temperatures dropped dramatically and the cold period that followed is known as the Little Ice Age.

The population of Europe had become dependent on cereal grains as a food supply during the Medieval Warm Period, and the colder climate, early snows, violent storms, and recurrent flooding resulted in massive crop failure, widespread famine and disease (Fagan, 2000; Grove, 2004).

Don J. Easterbrook continues:

The Little Ice Age was not a time of continuous cold climate, but rather repeated periods of cooling and warming, each of which occurred during times of solar minima, characterized by low sunspot numbers, low total solar irradiance (TSI), decreased solar magnetism, increased cosmic ray intensity, and increased production of radiocarbon and beryllium in the upper atmosphere.

Centuries of observations of the sun have shown that sunspots, solar irradiance, and solar magnetism vary over time, and these phenomena correlate very well with global climate changes on Earth.


A number of solar Grand Minima, periods of reduced solar output, have been recognized:

The Wolf Minimum was a period of low sunspot numbers and TSI between about 1300 AD and 1320 AD.

It occurred during the cold period that marked the end of the Medieval Warm Period and the beginning of the Little Ice Age about 1300 AD.

The change from the warmth of the Medieval Warm Period to the cold of the Little Ice Age was abrupt and devastating, leading to the Great Famine from 1310 to 1322.

The winter of 1309–1310 AD was exceptionally cold. The Thames River froze over and poor people were especially affected.

The Sporer Minimum occurred from about 1410 to 1540 and like the Wolf Minimum, the Sporer coincided with a period of brutal cold.

During Maunder Minimum temperatures plummeted in Europe, the growing season became shorter by more than a month, the number of snowy days increased from a few to 20–30, the ground froze to several feet, alpine glaciers advanced all over the world, glaciers in the Swiss Alps encroached on farms and buried villages, tree-lines in the Alps dropped, sea ports were blocked by sea ice that surrounded Iceland and Holland for about 20 miles, wine grape harvests diminished, and cereal grain harvests failed, leading to mass famines (Fagan, 2007).

The Thames River and canals and rivers of the Netherlands froze over during the winter.

The population of Iceland decreased by about half.

In parts of China, warm-weather crops that had been grown for centuries were abandoned.

And in North America, early European settlers experienced exceptionally severe winters.


MODERN MAXIMUM AND LOOMING GRAND SOLAR MINIMUM

All signs point to same pattern unfolding, potentially within the next few years.

We’ve had our Grand Solar Maximum, our period of sustained warmth and predictable climate, and we humans have flourished as a result.

But all good things come to an end, and solar activity is now falling off a cliff (relatively), and the implications look dire.

Sunspots –a great barometer for solar activity– have been absent for the past few years, and now, even as Solar Cycle 25 begins its ramp-up, spots are still proving hard to come by. And while the peak of SC25 is predicted, by most, to be similar to that of the historically weak SC24, it is SC26 where things get interesting. According to many solar physicist, including those at NOAA, there is no Solar Cycle 26 on the horizon, nor is there a Solar Cycle 27; instead, the Sun is forecast to remain in a state of “solar minimum” through the 2030s and 2040s–a phenomenon that would spell disaster for our modern monocropping ways and cause immense suffering for our “babied” society with its zero real-world skills.

Analysis by Professor Valentina Zharkova states that the next Grand Solar Minimum has already begun, as all four of the sun’s magnetic fields go out of phase:


And among the long list or scientific papers suggesting that a solar-driven spell of global cooling is on the cards, Dr Theodor Landscheidt’s ‘New Little ICE Age Instead of Global Warming?‘ probably has the claim of priority:


While NASA has recently warned that this upcoming Solar Cycle (25) will be “the weakest of the past 200 years,” with the agency also correlating previous solar shutdowns to prolonged periods of global cooling here.

Solar-Cycle-25-NASA-full.png


GSM-and-Sunspots.png


The resulting COLD will throw society into chaos, just as it did during every preceding GSM.

Growing seasons will be drastically shortened.

Harvests will fail.

Millions will perish through starvation/disease.

And the Empire will crumble.

A GREAT CRASH LOOMS
An immense bubble is blowing in the Stock Markets

Several noted economists and investors are warning of 60%-90% stock market crash in the very near future.

Harry Dent, Founder of HS Dent Investment Management, recently told Sky News Australia that he sees the crash beginning as soon as July, 2021:

“Real estate, stocks, everything but the most conservative government, Australian and US Treasury Bonds, are going to go down to reality and it’s going to hurt more than anybody thinks it ever could,” said Dent.

“Once you get bubbles of this extent, there’s no way to stop it, they have to come down to reality … I’m telling you, it’s 30 to 50 per cent for real estate in most countries and it’s 60 to 90 per cent in stocks in most countries … This is going to kill most people’s retirement portfolios. And there’s nothing they can do about it … I’m telling you it’s coming in the next two-to-three-years. And I think it’s about to start in the next month or two.”

Watch Dent interview by Sky News Host Chris Smith below:

View: https://youtu.be/5eejvZx8HRY
Run time is 8:48

The Modern Maximum is over, in every regard.

Great plays of the cosmos contribute to the rise and fall of empires.

In the end, man is eternally fallible and no empire lasts forever.

The COLD TIMES are returning, the mid-latitudes are REFREEZING in line with the great conjunction, historically low solar activity, cloud-nucleating Cosmic Rays, and a meridional jet stream flow (among other forcings).

Both NOAA and NASA appear to agree, if you read between the lines, with NOAA saying we’re entering a ‘full-blown’ Grand Solar Minimum in the late-2020s, and NASA seeing this upcoming solar cycle (25) as “the weakest of the past 200 years”, with the agency correlating previous solar shutdowns to prolonged periods of global cooling here.

Furthermore, we can’t ignore the slew of new scientific papers stating the immense impact The Beaufort Gyre could have on the Gulf Stream, and therefore the climate overall.





Prepare accordinglylearn the facts, relocate if need be, and grow your own.
 

TxGal

Day by day
Cascades snow depth running 109% to 167% of normal - Ice Age Now

Cascades snow depth running 109% to 167% of normal
April 1, 2021 by Robert

SNOQUALMIE PASS, Wash — Skiers and snowboarders arrived Monday to fresh snow at Snoqualmie Summit.

“During different times this season it has been the number one snow pack in the county – currently it’s over 600 inches (50 feet)at the top of Alpental,” said Guy Lawrence, general manager at Summit at Snoqualmie. Fifty feet! That’s the height of a 5-story building!

And that will continue growing, because more spring snow is expected.

“Next week we’re probably going to get a couple of systems that will bring snow to the higher elevations in the Cascades,” said Nick Bond, a professor at the University of Washington and a state climatologist.

The snowpack in the Cascades is enormous. On the west side of the Cascades, the water content in the snow is running from 128-169% above the median amount as of Thursday, forecasters said. Snow depth amounts were 109 to 167% of normal. Snoqualmie Pass is about 4 feet above normal while it’s over 5 feet above normal at Mt. Rainier’s Paradise Ranger Station.

Healthy snowpack at Snoqualmie Pass draws in delighted skiers, snowboarders

Spring runoff flooding risk very low despite huge mountain snowpack
 

TxGal

Day by day
A new one from Adapt 2030:

The Swarm : There Will Be Signs - YouTube

The Swarm : There Will Be Signs
15,192 views • Apr 2, 2021

View: https://youtu.be/oPvHJu34YVw
Run time is 10:36

Synopsis provided:

One of the most telling cycles in nature is the 1200 year Cherry Blossom early arrival that hasn't been since 812AD, this signals another Grand Solar Minimum intensification change. Wormnado, swarming spiders and April Hawaii snows should make us take a look at what is changing in the reset. These overlaps confirm each other. Society begins a reset, Earth begins a reset.
 

TxGal

Day by day
And a new one from The Oppenheimer Ranch Project:

Not an April Fools Joke — Snow and Cold Wind Chills Returning To The Forecast - Freeze Warnings - YouTube

Not an April Fools Joke — Snow and Cold Wind Chills Returning To The Forecast - Freeze Warnings
4,730 views • Premiered 17 hours ago

View: https://youtu.be/YJnRDF3Wf1U
Run time is 8:16

Synopsis provided:

Not an April Fools joke — snow and cold wind chills returning to the forecast https://bit.ly/31FuHAE
Near record cold to start our Easter weekend! https://bit.ly/39zurYv
Record cold in the forecast the next two nights https://bit.ly/3sIYsN4
Here comes the cold! Pets, plants will need extra care next two morning https://bit.ly/3weHGHX
Windy, cold, and winter-like to ring in April https://bit.ly/2Pj1Ekd
Cold snap, AKA “dogwood winter,” won’t last long but likely not last cold snap of spring https://bit.ly/3rJ78BC
GFS Model Temps US https://bit.ly/3ma8pkh
GFS Model Total Snow US https://bit.ly/3wjqRLT
GFS Model Total Snow Europe https://bit.ly/332e83w
Mauna Loa volcano (Big Island, Hawaii): ongoing seismic swarm https://bit.ly/39wFmC5
Worldwide Volcano News http://bit.ly/2v9JJhO
Live from Geldingadalir volcano, Iceland https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BA-9Q...
US man returns from swift shopping trip to find 15,000 bees in his car https://bit.ly/31AoqXc
Carter Holt Harvey cuts timber supplies to Mitre 10, Bunnings, ITM https://bit.ly/31B2Guc
 

TxGal

Day by day
Cascades Snow Depth 109% to 167% of normal, as Total Snow Mass for the Northern Hemisphere leaps 500 Gigatons above 1982-2012 average - Electroverse

fmi_swe_tracker-35-1-e1617354987805.jpg


CASCADES SNOW DEPTH 109% TO 167% OF NORMAL, AS TOTAL SNOW MASS FOR THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE LEAPS 500 GIGATONS ABOVE 1982-2012 AVERAGE
APRIL 2, 2021 ADMIN

The Cascades is currently carrying more snow than normal — the snowpack is “enormous” this year, reports komonews.com.

As of mid-March (with the latest data currently “missing”), the water content in the snow was running from 128-169% above the median amount on the west side of the Cascades, according to the NWS, with the snow depth running between 109-167% of normal. The pack was over 5 feet above average at Mt. Rainier’s Paradise Ranger Station, while Snoqualmie Pass stood at 4 feet above the norm.

“Currently it’s over 600 inches (50 feet) at the top of Alpental,” said Guy Lawrence, general manager at Summit at Snoqualmie on Tuesday of this week.

View: https://twitter.com/Jennmombomb/status/1377049663728091138

And those totals will continue growing as yet more spring snow is on the way.

“Next week we’re probably going to get a couple of systems that will bring snow to the higher elevations in the Cascades,” said Nick Bond, a professor at the University of Washington and a state climatologist.

Latest GFS runs confirm this:


GFS Total Snowfall (inches) April 2 to April 18 (majority of that Washington State snow will fall this weekend) [tropicaltidbits.com].

“We count on that snow for hydro power forest health, the freshwater ecosystem health, salmon runs, trout and so forth,” said Bond. “Having a healthy mountain snowpack — that’s good news.”

TOTAL SNOW MASS FOR THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE CLIMBS 500 GIGATONS ABOVE 1982-2012 AVERAGE

As per the GFS run shown above, we see that further heavy snow is also forecast for Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, and Colorado — wintry totals that will add to the already impressive Total Snow Mass for the Northern Hemisphere chart (shown below), which, according to the latest data point from the FMI, just witnessed a staggering and unprecedented late-March leap to approx. 500 Gigatons above the 1982-2012 average:


[Finnish Meteorological Institute]

Our global snowpack is building, glaciers are growing, and temperatures are dropping: Earth is on the cusp of its next cooling epoch–not that you’d have a clue if all you consume is MSM propaganda.

Reject the lies, and prepareoh, and try the Wim Hoff breathing technique this weekend — it could help with the coming cold, as well as with boosting your immune system and easing the negative impacts of anxiety and stress.

The COLD TIMES are returning, the mid-latitudes are REFREEZING in line with the great conjunction, historically low solar activity, cloud-nucleating Cosmic Rays, and a meridional jet stream flow (among other forcings).

Both NOAA and NASA appear to agree, if you read between the lines, with NOAA saying we’re entering a ‘full-blown’ Grand Solar Minimum in the late-2020s, and NASA seeing this upcoming solar cycle (25) as “the weakest of the past 200 years”, with the agency correlating previous solar shutdowns to prolonged periods of global cooling here.

Furthermore, we can’t ignore the slew of new scientific papers stating the immense impact The Beaufort Gyre could have on the Gulf Stream, and therefore the climate overall.





Prepare accordinglylearn the facts, relocate if need be, and grow your own.
 

northern watch

TB Fanatic
A new one from Adapt 2030:

The Swarm : There Will Be Signs - YouTube

The Swarm : There Will Be Signs
15,192 views • Apr 2, 2021

View: https://youtu.be/oPvHJu34YVw
Run time is 10:36

Synopsis provided:

One of the most telling cycles in nature is the 1200 year Cherry Blossom early arrival that hasn't been since 812AD, this signals another Grand Solar Minimum intensification change. Wormnado, swarming spiders and April Hawaii snows should make us take a look at what is changing in the reset. These overlaps confirm each other. Society begins a reset, Earth begins a reset.

Japan's famous cherry blossoms bloom early as climate warms
Japan’s famous cherry blossoms have reached their flowery peak in many places earlier this year than at any time since formal records started being kept nearly 70 years ago, with experts saying climate change is the likely cause

By MARI YAMAGUCHI Associated Press
30 March 2021, 17:17

On Location: April 1, 2021


TOKYO -- Japan's famous cherry blossoms have reached their flowery peak in many places earlier this year than at any time since formal records started being kept nearly 70 years ago, with experts saying climate change is the likely cause.

Japan’s favorite flower, called “sakura," used to reach their peak bloom in April, just as the country celebrates the start of its new school and business year. Yet that date has been creeping earlier and now most years the blossoms are largely gone before the first day of school.

This year peak bloom was reached on March 26 in the ancient capital of Kyoto, the earliest since the Japan Meteorological Agency started collecting the data in 1953 and 10 days ahead of the 30-year average. Similar records were set this year in more than a dozen cities across Japan.

Some say it is the earliest peak bloom ever based on records from historic documents, diaries and poetry books from Kyoto. Osaka Prefecture University environmental scientist Yasuyuki Aono, who tracks such documents, said the earliest blooms he has found before this year were March 27 in the years 1612, 1409 and 1236, though there are not records for some years.

“We can say it’s most likely because of the impact of the global warming,” said Shunji Anbe, an official at the observations division at the Japan Meteorological Agency.

The agency tracks 58 “benchmark” cherry trees across the country, and this year 40 of those already have reached their peak bloom and 14 have done so in record time. The trees normally bloom for about two weeks each year from first bud to all the blossoms falling off.

Cherry trees are sensitive to temperature changes and the timing of their blooming can provide valuable data for climate change studies, Anbe said.

According to the agency data, the average temperature for March in Kyoto has climbed to 10.6 degrees Celsius (51.1 F) in 2020 from 8.6 C (47.5 F) in 1953. So far this year's average March temperature in Japan has been 12.4 C (54.3 F).

Sakura have deeply influenced Japanese culture for centuries and regularly been used in poetry and literature with their fragility seen as a symbol of life, death and rebirth.

Japan's famous cherry blossoms bloom early as climate warms - ABC News (go.com)
 

TheSearcher

Are you sure about that?
Japan's famous cherry blossoms bloom early as climate warms
Japan’s famous cherry blossoms have reached their flowery peak in many places earlier this year than at any time since formal records started being kept nearly 70 years ago, with experts saying climate change is the likely cause

By MARI YAMAGUCHI Associated Press
30 March 2021, 17:17

On Location: April 1, 2021


TOKYO -- Japan's famous cherry blossoms have reached their flowery peak in many places earlier this year than at any time since formal records started being kept nearly 70 years ago, with experts saying climate change is the likely cause.

Japan’s favorite flower, called “sakura," used to reach their peak bloom in April, just as the country celebrates the start of its new school and business year. Yet that date has been creeping earlier and now most years the blossoms are largely gone before the first day of school.

This year peak bloom was reached on March 26 in the ancient capital of Kyoto, the earliest since the Japan Meteorological Agency started collecting the data in 1953 and 10 days ahead of the 30-year average. Similar records were set this year in more than a dozen cities across Japan.

Some say it is the earliest peak bloom ever based on records from historic documents, diaries and poetry books from Kyoto. Osaka Prefecture University environmental scientist Yasuyuki Aono, who tracks such documents, said the earliest blooms he has found before this year were March 27 in the years 1612, 1409 and 1236, though there are not records for some years.

“We can say it’s most likely because of the impact of the global warming,” said Shunji Anbe, an official at the observations division at the Japan Meteorological Agency.

The agency tracks 58 “benchmark” cherry trees across the country, and this year 40 of those already have reached their peak bloom and 14 have done so in record time. The trees normally bloom for about two weeks each year from first bud to all the blossoms falling off.

Cherry trees are sensitive to temperature changes and the timing of their blooming can provide valuable data for climate change studies, Anbe said.

According to the agency data, the average temperature for March in Kyoto has climbed to 10.6 degrees Celsius (51.1 F) in 2020 from 8.6 C (47.5 F) in 1953. So far this year's average March temperature in Japan has been 12.4 C (54.3 F).

Sakura have deeply influenced Japanese culture for centuries and regularly been used in poetry and literature with their fragility seen as a symbol of life, death and rebirth.

Japan's famous cherry blossoms bloom early as climate warms - ABC News (go.com)

Global Warming? Holy shit, these people aren't whistling past the graveyard, they're standing there screaming death metal at it like Christmas carols! :mad:
 

jed turtle

a brother in the Lord
Global Warming? Holy shit, these people aren't whistling past the graveyard, they're standing there screaming death metal at it like Christmas carols! :mad:
Sitting on the edge of the Ring of Fire, I wonder if the trees aren’t responding to the magma activity increasing (thus warming the earth and soil above it) due to changes in increased cosmic ray penetration of the Earth .
 

TxGal

Day by day
"Insane Depth of Cold" to Blast Britain - Ice Age Now

“Insane Depth of Cold” to Blast Britain
April 2, 2021 by Robert

“Most of the daily benchmarks between early-to-mid April are under threat, including some that have stood for more than a century.”
____________

An “insane depth of cold” is set to strike the UK over the Easter weekend, warns the Weather Outlook’s Brian Gaze.

Freezing temperatures and frosts will arrive in Scotland on Thursday, April 1, with “polar spring” conditions engulfing the majority of the country by Good Friday.

The mercury is expected to sink even lower during the following week, as a violent kink in the jet stream (associated with the historically low solar activity we continue to experience) delivers Arctic air to the lower-latitudes.

Thermometers could sink to -10C (14F) in northern parts, which would topple all-time daily cold records.

The UK’s lowest-ever recorded temperature for April 5, for example, is the -9C (15.8F) set in 1990, while 1935’s -8.9C (16F) for April 7 could also tumble. In fact, most of the daily benchmarks between early-to-mid April are under threat, including some that have stood for more than a century.

What’s about the hit the UK (as well as western/northern Europe) looks unprecedented, and it’s arriving during a key time of the growing season, too — expect significant crop losses moving forward.

The freezing conditions aren’t fleeting either; no, the Arctic looks set to park itself anomalously-far south for at least the first-half of April, with latest GFS runs revealing temps will only drop further as the month progresses.
 

TxGal

Day by day
Adapt 2030 has 2 new podcasts out, not sure if they're a two-parter as I post them, but here they are::

Affecting Society to the Core - YouTube

Affecting Society to the Core
13,036 views • Apr 2, 2021

View: https://youtu.be/8M3BNJMiBxw

Run time is 20:17

Synopsis provided:

The Republic of Texas Radio’s Steve Obrien and co-host Alan talked with David DuByne of ADAPT 2030 for a casual Sunday morning of space hurricanes, rising food prices and planets atmospheres across the solar system compressing, reversing and flaring.


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Transportation after Global Liquefaction 2024 - YouTube

Transportation after Global Liquefaction 2024
9,247 views • Apr 3, 2021

View: https://youtu.be/WsvWBtgxAhQ

Run time is 18:03

Synopsis provided:

The Republic of Texas Radio’s Steve Obrien and co-host Alan talked with David DuByne of ADAPT 2030 for a casual Sunday morning of space hurricanes, rising food prices and planets atmospheres across the solar system compressing, reversing and flaring.

•Electrogravitics
•Pole Flip
•Magnetic Motors for power generation
•Global liquefaction
 

TxGal

Day by day
Europe's drought-induced crop losses tripled in 50 years, threatening future global food supply chain -- Earth Changes -- Sott.net

Europe's drought-induced crop losses tripled in 50 years, threatening future global food supply chain

RT
Fri, 02 Apr 2021 16:54 UTC

1617460772880.png

New research has found that EU crop losses driven by heat waves and drought, as well as other extreme weather events, have tripled in 50 years, a startling figure which could upend food-chain supply dynamics around the globe.

The study examined agricultural production in 28 European countries (including the UK) from 1961 to 2018 and compared it with the prevalence of extreme weather events such as floods, droughts, heat waves and cold snaps alike, all four of which increased in frequency over the study period.

The researchers found crop losses of 2.2% of total crop yield between 1964 and 1990, which surged to some 7.3% in the period between 1991 and 2015.

To make matters worse, droughts were found to be intensifying and occurring more frequently, a phenomenon which previous studies have identified as a result of shifts in the jet stream.

While study authors acknowledge that European crop yields increased by some 150% in the periods between 1964 and 1990 and between 1991 and 2015 respectively, they found that certain more essential crops like cereal crops were hit harder than others, with potential disastrous knock-on effects.

Cereals, which make up roughly 65% of the EU's agricultural land and are used to feed the bloc's livestock, were the most severely affected by recurring and intensifying droughts, with losses increasing by over 3% in each drought year.

The authors warned of the potential "ripple effects" from drought and heatwave-induced crop losses which could endanger food systems in Europe and the wider world, possibly triggering global price spikes.

Comment: Since 2015 Europe suffering worst droughts in two thousand years

Crop and cattle losses are on the rise everywhere, whether it is due to extensive drought, massive hail, epic flooding, huge dust storms, unexpected frosts, and even epidemics. See also:
 

TxGal

Day by day
Sott.net just posted this article from 24 March:

Severe frosts damage fruit in Lleida and Huesca, Spain -- Earth Changes -- Sott.net

Severe frosts damage fruit in Lleida and Huesca, Spain

Fresh Plaza
Wed, 24 Mar 2021 18:04 UTC

frost

Last weekend, severe frosts were recorded in the stone fruit producing areas of Lleida and Huesca, in Spain. While temperatures fell below 0ºC during the nights of Friday, Saturday and Sunday, the most severe and longest frost was the one on the night of Saturday. The sector's prospects for the campaign had been great, given the excellent flowering of the fruit trees, but this first adverse weather event in the months prior to the harvest may change everything.

The damage caused by these frosts is severe, according to producers and agricultural organizations, not only because of the flowers that have been lost, but also because of the impact they could have on the quality of the fruit. Although there is still a long way to go before the harvest and more unforeseen weather events could be recorded, the volumes expected after this event could come close to last year's -when they were down by about 30%-, or fall even more.

"Although frosts have affected most of the province of Lleida, the northern areas seem to be the most severely hit, as they are closer to the Pyrenees and farther from the Ebro River. In the south of Lleida there is more disparity; some plots there have been heavily affected, while others have simply had a kind of extra thinning," says Francesc Pena, manager of Sat Bepa, a producing and exporting company based in the municipality of Seròs, in the Baix Segre region of Lleida.

"Temperatures have dropped as low as -5ºC in some of our producing areas. It has been very cold for too many hours, so it is difficult to save the fruit," says Pere Magrí, manager of the nursery Viversa and the production and marketing company Tros Nou, of Almenar, in the north of Lleida. "Between 80 and 90% of our production has been directly hit by these frosts, which have been especially strong in the early hours of Saturday to Sunday. We have lost practically all the apricot production and much of the peaches, nectarines and flat peaches," says the producer and exporter. I estimate that, in general, Lleida's next apricot production may have already been reduced by about 50%, since it is in a more advanced phenological stage than other species."

"I have many years of experience in stone fruit growing," said the 61-year-old grower. "After these frosts, part of the flowers that have survived could have problems later, during the fruit setting, and this would be reflected in the quality of the fruit. Normally, fruit continues to fall until the beginning of the harvest," said Pere Magrí.

The frosts in Huesca and Lleida have coincided with the week of frosts that hit Italy, both in apple and pear and in stone fruit producing areas, such as Emilia Romagna, whose production calendar is similar to that of Lleida.

"This weekend, Lleida producers have remained on guard, given the forecast of frosts, which have turned out to be quite intense. Many producers have effective anti-freeze sprinkler systems and I hope this has helped reduce the extent of the damage," says Manel Simón, director of L'associació Empressarial de Fruita de Catalunya, AFRUCAT.

"We have received calls from producers reporting damage from every producing area of Lleida, so it has been one of the most widespread frosts that we remember in the province. In the next two weeks, we will know more details and we will be able to estimate how severe these frosts have been on those flowers that had already closed and set, and also how the fruit development is going. We know, however, that the harvest will be reduced," says the representative of AFRUCAT. The stone fruit harvest kicks off in mid-June in Lleida and lasts until September.

In the Bajo Cinca region, in the province of Huesca, producers have dealt with the frost with sprinklers and fans in order to minimize damage. In certain areas of the municipalities of Belver de Cinca and Fraga, the temperatures dropped to -4 °C. The most affected crops are cherries and apricots, according to Oscar Moret, head of the fruit department of the Union of Farmers and Ranchers of Aragon (Uaga).

Antifreeze systems have also been used in the fruit growing areas of the Zaragoza region of Calatayud, including kerosene candles. The temperatures there have also fallen below zero degrees, dropping as low as -3.5 °C.
 

TxGal

Day by day
Magnetic Reversals Far More Deadly Than Anyone Believed - Ice Age Now

Magnetic Reversals Far More Deadly Than Anyone Believed
April 3, 2021 by Robert

Finally! Mainstream science is beginning to catch up with me.
_________

New Study Warns: Magnetic Catastrophe that Wiped Out the Neanderthals is Due to Hit Again
Robert W. Felix

Finally! Mainstream science is beginning to catch up with me. A new study just published in Science magazine makes it appear that the very thought of a magnetic reversal causing an extinction is a brand new idea. But if you’ve read either of my books; Not by Fire but by Ice or Magnetic Reversals and Evolutionary Leaps, you know that I’ve been speaking and writing about just such a scenario for more than 20 years.

“New research suggests a polar flip could be catastrophic,” reads the headline on msm.com.

“A global environmental crisis 42,000 years ago,” declares Science magazine.

“Ancient relic points to a turning point in Earth’s story 42,000 years ago,” echoes the University of New South Wales (UNSW).

“Magnetic Madness: Magnetic catastrophe ‘that wiped out Neanderthals’ is due to happen AGAIN, scientists warn,” shouts The Sun.

“Flipping of Poles and Collapse of Earth’s Magnetic Field Led to Neanderthals’ Extinction, Study Says,” enthuses Sputnik News.

And finally, from NPR: “Ancient Trees Show When The Earth’s Magnetic Field Last Flipped Out.”

Whatever the title, each of these articles speaks of the crisis that ensued the last time the Earth’s magnetic poles exchanged places. New research suggests that a magnetic reversal roughly 42,000 years ago caused dramatic changes on Earth and “possibly changed the course of human history.”

The study focused on an extremely old tree found in New Zealand, a kauri tree. Giant kauri trees can live for thousands of years and can end up well preserved in bogs. “The trees themselves are quite unique,” says co-lead author Professor Alan Cooper. “They’re a time capsule in a way that you don’t really get anywhere else in the world.”

“For the first time ever, we have been able to precisely date the timing and environmental impacts of the last magnetic pole switch,” said co-lead author Chris Turney, an earth scientist at the University of New South Wales, in a UNSW statement. “Using the ancient trees we could measure, and date, the spike in atmospheric radiocarbon levels caused by the collapse of Earth’s magnetic field.”

Inside the old kauri tree, which was still growing when “the most recent magnetic pole flip occurred some 42,000 years ago,” the researchers looked for a form of radioactive carbon (carbon-14) created when cosmic rays hit the upper atmosphere. More cosmic rays rain onto our planet when its magnetic field is weak, so carbon-14 levels shoot up. (I don’t agree that it was “the most recent magnetic pole flip.” See more toward the end of this article.)

The tree, with its calendar-like set of rings, took in this carbon-14 (14C) and preserved it. By studying the rings of the long-dead but well-preserved tree, the scientists obtained a detailed record of approximately 1,700 years. They could see exactly when 14C levels rose, when they peaked, and when they fell again.

By creating a precise timeline, the team was able to compare the magnetic field’s weakening to other well-established timelines in archaeological and climate records.

An analysis of the rings suggested that it was a challenging time for all living things on Earth and “hints at dramatic and possibly catastrophic changes that took place in the atmosphere and on the surface of our planet.”

“This record reveals a substantial increase in the carbon-14 content of the atmosphere culminating during the period of weakening magnetic field strength preceding the polarity switch,” the article in Science explains. “The authors modeled the consequences of this event and concluded that the geomagnetic field minimum caused substantial changes in atmospheric ozone concentration that drove synchronous global climate and environmental shifts.”

If the sun went through one of its periodic conniptions (Grand Solar Minimums) when the strength of the Earth’s magnetic field was turned way down, says Cooper, a solar flare or storm would have sent a burst of radiation that could have had massive consequences for people living back then. (It looks like we may be headed into such a Grand Solar Minimum right now.)

With the Earth’s cosmic shield essentially disappearing, it would have driven life on Earth into caves to protect themselves. “We think that the sharp increases in UV levels, particularly during solar flares, would suddenly make caves very valuable shelters,” says Cooper. “This is what we think actually drove them (the Neanderthals) into caves.” Red skies. Possibly lots of lightning. “You would not want to be outside during daylight hours.”

Into the caves

Dazzling light shows would have been frequent in the sky, says the UNSW statement.

Aurora borealis and aurora australis – the northern and southern lights – are caused by solar winds hitting the Earth’s atmosphere.

Usually confined to the northern and southern parts of the globe, such sights would have become more widespread as the Earth’s magnetic field weakened.

“Early humans around the world would have seen amazing auroras, shimmering veils and sheets across the sky,” says Prof. Cooper.

Ionised air – which is a great conductor for electricity – would have also increased the frequency of electrical storms.

“It must have seemed like the end of days,” Cooper said.

Earth’s magnetic field is vital to all life on the planet because it protects the ozone layer from solar winds, cosmic rays, and harmful radiation. When the field weakens the Earth becomes bathed in ultraviolet radiation and this in turn damages the ozone layer. The scientists believe the magnetic excursion may have even altered the climate and triggered the extinction of many species. (As you know if you’ve ever read ” Magnetic Reversals and Evolutionary Leaps,” I think the radiation would have also lead to rapid mutations [most of which would have been abject failures]).

“We really think actually there’s quite considerable impacts going on here,” says Cooper. “If you damage the ozone layer, as we’ve found out, you change the way in which the sun’s heat actually impacts the Earth. And as soon as you start doing that, you change weather patterns because wind directions and heating goes AWOL, goes all over the place.”

Until now, scientists have mostly assumed that magnetic field reversals didn’t matter much for life on Earth — although some geologists have noted that die-offs of large mammals seemed to occur in periods when the Earth’s magnetic field was weak.

“From what we know about field strength through time, over the last hundred thousand years,” agrees James Channell, a geologist at the University of Florida, “there does appear to be a linkage between extinctions and low geomagnetic field strength.”

This particular magnetic reversal, known as the Laschamp excursion, is named after lava flows in France. Those lava flows contain bits of iron that basically point the wrong way. Volcanic activity during the Laschamp excursion produced this distinctive iron signature because as the lava cooled through the Curie temperature it locked the bits of iron in place. Iron molecules embedded in sediments around the world also captured a record of this excursion.

“The Laschamps Excursion was the last time the magnetic poles flipped,” explained Professor Turney. “They swapped places for about 800 years before changing their minds and swapping back again.” (Again, I don’t agree that it was “the last time the magnetic poles flipped.”)

“Even though it (the excursion) was short, the North Pole did wander across North America, right out towards New York, actually, and then back again across to Oregon,” says Alan Cooper, an evolutionary biologist with Blue Sky Genetics and the South Australian Museum. Cooper explains that the North Pole “then zoomed down through the Pacific really fast to Antarctica and hung out there for about 400 years and then shot back up through the Indian Ocean to the North Pole again.”

During that time, the Earth’s magnetic-field strength weakened to as low as about 6% of its strength today, says Cooper.

“We essentially had no magnetic field at all – our cosmic radiation shield was totally gone,” agreed Professor Turney

During the magnetic-field breakdown, the Sun experienced several ‘Grand Solar Minima’ (GSM), which are long-term periods of quiet solar activity.

Even though a GSM means less activity on the Sun’s surface, the weakening of its magnetic field can mean more space weather – like solar flares and galactic cosmic rays – could head Earth’s way.

“Unfiltered radiation from space ripped apart air particles in Earth’s atmosphere, separating electrons and emitting light – a process called ionisation,” Prof. Turney added.

“The ionised air ‘fried’ the Ozone layer, triggering a ripple of climate change across the globe.”

Although it’s difficult to draw clear links among all these various events at this stage, said Cooper, “I think that’s always true when you’re putting forward such a radical new theory.” (No, it’s not a radical “new” theory. I proposed this same theory in both “Not by Fire but by Ice” and “Magnetic Reversals and Evolutionary Leaps.”

EARTH-MAGNETIC-POLE-FLIP-Credit-The-Sun.jpg


Earth Magnetic Pole Shift – Image Credit: The Sun

How does this all of this apply to today?

Because we may well be headed for a magnetic reversal right now.

The Earth’s magnetic poles are known to wander often, but some scientists are concerned about how rapidly the north magnetic pole is now moving across the Northern Hemisphere.

“This speed – alongside the weakening of Earth’s magnetic field by around nine per cent in the past 170 years – could indicate an upcoming reversal,” says Cooper.

“If a similar event happened today,” says Cooper,” the consequences would be huge for modern society. Incoming cosmic radiation would destroy our electric power grids and satellite networks.”

“We urgently need to get carbon emissions down before such a random event happens again,” Cooper warned. (What a silly statement. Carbon emissions have nothing to do with carbon-14.)

And some scientists with the British Geological Survey also believe that a magnetic reversal could be due.

Just for the record

Just for the record, both Not by Fire but by Ice and Magnetic Reversals and Evolutionary Leaps describe spikes in radioactive 14C at magnetic reversals. Both books also link those spikes, not only to extinctions, but to evolutionary leaps.

MagneticReversals-andGlaciation.jpg


Both books also document three other well-known magnetic excursions that have attacked our planet since the Laschamp event. Most notably the Gothenburg excursion of 12,500 years ago, the Mono Lake excursion of 23,000 years ago, and the Lake Mungo excursion of 34,000 years ago. Each of those excursions corresponded with huge extinctions, spikes in radioactivity bathing the planet, Noah’s-deluge-type floods, sharp increases in volcanic and earthquake activity, and an rapid and severe ice build-up. (An incredible 72% of large mammal species went extinct at the Gothenburg magnetic excursion.)

Both books also suggest that our planet is headed for another magnetic reversal right now, and even explain my theory as to why they occur in the first place: equinoctial precession.

Note:

I have previously posted a few not-so-pleasant articles about Professor Turney. I really resent that he and the other academicians are trying to take credit for “a radical new theory.”

Professor trapped in ice trying to ‘hide/disguise’ his involvement with Carbonscape?
According to reader Jeremy Poynton, Prof Turney decided to ‘hide/disguise’ his direct involvement
Professor trapped in ice trying to ‘hide/disguise’ his involvement with Carbonscape?
……….
Professor trapped in Antarctic ice “trying to get rich off AGW hysteria”?
“Turney has a carbon something or other company trying to get rich off the AGW hysteria – Carbonscape.com,” says reader
Professor trapped in Antarctic ice "trying to get rich off AGW hysteria"?
………….
Icebreaker now also stuck in the ice – Video
“Chris Turney, the leader of the expedition, is a professor of climate change at the University of New South Wales,” says CFact. “He rounded up a few dozen pals, chartered a Russian ship, and set off on a taxpayer funded junket to Antarctica.”
Icebreaker now also stuck in the ice - Video
………..
Ship stuck in Antarctic ice arrives in New Zealand
Research ship that expected to help prove global warming but instead became stranded in heavy ice in Antarctica on Christmas Eve – The Akademik Shokalskiy – finally sailed into a New Zealand harbor on Tuesday morning.
Ship stuck in Antarctic ice arrives in New Zealand
 

TxGal

Day by day
The Oppenheimer Ranch Project has a new podcast out:

Coldest Open To April In 3 Decades! UAH Global Temps Fall Below 30 Year Baseline - Volcano's Boomin! - YouTube

Coldest Open To April In 3 Decades! UAH Global Temps Fall Below 30 Year Baseline - Volcano's Boomin!
3,755 views • Premiered 8 hours ago

View: https://youtu.be/WIhIWcYSKjY
Run time is 24:22

Synopsis provided:

Coldest open to April in 3 decades! Early snow chances ending https://bit.ly/3cPTAQS
Snow clearing on State Route 20 in North Cascades begins Monday https://bit.ly/3ungW6m
Much needed rain and snow coming Monday to Bozeman https://bit.ly/3wAg7sK
How much snow fell in April 1 storm in Upstate NY? https://bit.ly/39F2ChE
SNOWFALL ANALYSIS FROM THE LAST 48 https://www.weather.gov/crh/snowfall
Multiple-day thunderstorm event next week, severe weather possible https://bit.ly/31NYYNK
Record Temps US Last 24 hrs http://bit.ly/2q7qHcT
A Warm Easter Sunday With Some Fire Weather Concerns https://www.weather.gov/
Millions of gallons of toxic wastewater is being dumped into Tampa Bay https://bit.ly/3wrpcnl
UAH Global Temperature Update for March 2021 https://www.drroyspencer.com/
Drought Conditions Continue in Spring 2021 https://go.nasa.gov/3wsnYbs
Past megadroughts in central Europe were longer, more severe and less warm than modern droughts https://go.nature.com/2PqM4TE
Icelandic volcano could erupt for years, creating 'perfect tourist' attraction https://reut.rs/3mguZYm
Reykjanes peninsula - earthquakes https://bit.ly/3rprWPn
Update on the eruption in Geldingadalir valley (former) on 2-April-2021 https://icelandgeology.net/
Fagradalsfjall volcano update: Eruption goes on, filling Geldingadalir valley https://bit.ly/2PpVJKc
Stronger Quakes Rock World’s Largest Volcano Today https://bit.ly/3unic9A
Mauna Loa Activity Update https://bit.ly/3ujRrCH
Lava lake continues to rise in Kilauea’s Halemaumau Crater https://bit.ly/3fDNN2m
Pacaya volcano (Guatemala): lava flow continues to reach inhabited areas https://bit.ly/3dAZft9
Asama volcano (Honshu, Japan): Volcanic Alert Level raised to Level 2 https://bit.ly/3fGEWNE
What if all the world's supervolcanoes erupted at once https://yhoo.it/2PXoYDH
Controversial test flight aimed at cooling the planet cancelled https://bit.ly/2R8IpKJ
and more
 

TxGal

Day by day
The accelerating nature of magnetic field collapses - Ice Age Now

The accelerating nature of magnetic field collapses
April 4, 2021 by Robert

Could indicate that a magnetic reversal is imminent.

________

The accelerating nature of magnetic field collapses
Lloyd Robbins

It concerns me that in every discussion I read on the subject of magnetic reversals, one aspect is consistently either unacknowledged or ignored, that being the accelerating nature of magnetic field collapses. Even studies that do talk about accelerating magnetic field declines skirt around the issue of imminent field collapse as if it is still some time off. We hear of the accelerating decline of the Earth’s magnetic field, but it’s usually stated almost rhetorically. The truth is that it’s not rhetorical at all.

The production of the Earth’s magnetic field is theorised to be via the circulation of the liquid iron core. Due to induced electrical currents, this circulation supports and amplifies the existing field, so it’s a positive feedback mechanism. When the field begins to decline, this means that the positive feedback mechanism has already started to fail, dating back to when the field initially started to decline. A fair analogy is a spinning top which has already started to wobble and fall.

Once in decline, this can only accelerate, unless there is some other mechanism which kicks in that we don’t know about. As the theory has no concept of this secondary mechanism and geomagnetic signs in the crust do not suggest it, it should therefore be assumed that no such mechanism exists. Given this, the decline of the magnetic field should be considered to be exponential in nature – the decline accelerates the decline – ie a collapse.

It has been stated by Robert in his books that ice ages can establish themselves in the space of one season. My feeling is, that as alluded to by Robert, this could be linked to magnetic field collapse which could happen in a similar very short time frame. Once the magnetic field drops to a certain critical level, it will simply collapse from there because it can’t continue to fight its own decline.

Unlike when the magnetic field re-establishes itself, building the new field from that of the Sun, the old one having completely disappeared, the collapse of the old field is irreversible and unavoidable. My guess is that there are scientists who actually do fear this if not actually know it, but that they are either not speaking up or being ignored or silenced because the truth is being hidden.

People like to believe they have time, that cataclysmic events are not going to happen while they are alive. But if what I’m writing about is true, it could be about to happen very shortly, in the space of perhaps only a few years. Looking at the graphs of magnetic field declines, it’s obvious to at least me that this is an accelerating process which is already targeting a zero magnetic field in the space of only a few years.
 

TxGal

Day by day
UAH Global Temperature Drops Below 30-Year Baseline - Earth is Cooling - Electroverse

UAH_LT_1979_thru_March_2021_v6-1.jpg


UAH GLOBAL TEMPERATURE DROPS BELOW 30-YEAR BASELINE — EARTH IS COOLING
APRIL 5, 2021 CAP ALLON

The Version 6.0 global average lower tropospheric temperature (LT) anomaly for March, 2021 has come in at -0.01 deg. C below the 30-year baseline, down from the February, 2021 value of +0.20 deg. C, and down substantially (approx. 0.6C deg. C) from where we were around a year ago.

A continuation of this downward plunge is highly probable over the coming months (with the odd bump along the way–climate is cyclic after all) as low solar activity and La Nina conditions persist.

According to the 15x NASA/NOAA AMSU satellites that measure every square inch of the lower troposphere (where us humans reside), planet Earth was actually warmer back in 1983:


REMINDER: We have changed the 30-year averaging period from which we compute anomalies to 1991-2020, from the old period 1981-2010. This change does not affect the temperature trends.
[www.drroyspencer.com]

In addition, the global average oceanic tropospheric temperature anomaly is -0.07 deg. C–the lowest since November 2013. Also, the tropical (20N-20S) departure from average is -0.29 deg. C–the coolest since June of 2012. While Australia, at -0.79 deg. C, is the coolest reading since August 2014.

Bottom line, the Grand Solar Minimum is intensifying — and fast.

Sunspots (a great barometer for solar activity) have remained sparse in 2021, even at a time when the next the next solar cycle (25) should be firing-up.

The Solar Minimum of cycle 24 began bottoming-out way back in late-2017, and went on to develop into the deepest minimum of the past 100+ years — and it is still proving reluctant to release its grip:



Solar cycle 24 –-as a whole-– was also the weakest of the past 100+ years:



The next Solar Cycle (25) will fire-up soon enough; however, it is forecast to be the weakest of the past 200 years (by NASA), which would take us back to Dalton Minimum levels.

Furthermore, SC25 is also seen as being a mere stop-off on the Sun’s descent into its next full-blown Grand Solar Minimum–a multidecadal period of cripplingly low solar activity that further reduces global temperatures (research Maunder Minimum, 1645-1715 — and while you’re at it, see that NASA correlates past solar shutdowns with prolonged periods of global cooling here).



The lower latitudes are refreezing in line with historically low solar activity, cloud-nucleating Cosmic Rays, and a meridional jet stream flow.

The MSM needs to wake to these facts and warn the population of what’s really coming.

There is no man-made heat-induced catastrophe on the horizon, quite the opposite is occurring — the COLD TIMES are returning, and the crop loss, civil unrest and famines these periods bring are all-but upon us.

Prepare accordinglylearn the facts, relocate if need be, and grow your own.

 

TxGal

Day by day
6.0-magnitude earthquake hits New Zealand's Gisborne

6.0-magnitude earthquake hits New Zealand's Gisborne -- Earth Changes -- Sott.net

The Siasat Daily
Mon, 05 Apr 2021 11:19 UTC

quake
An earthquake of magnitude 6.0 on the Richter scale jolted Gisborne city of New Zeland on Monday, the United States Geological Survey said.

The epicentre, with a depth of 10.0 km, was initially determined to be at 37.5205 degrees south latitude and 179.6745 degrees east longitude.

No casualties have been reported yet. On March 4, a powerful earthquake of magnitude 6.9 on the Richter Scale jolted Gisborne, New Zealand.

In 2011, a magnitude 6.3 quake hit the city of Christchurch, killing 185 people and destroying much of its downtown.6.0-magnitude quake hits New Zealand's GisborneIn 2011, a magnitude 6.3 quake hit the city of Christchurch, killing 185 people and destroying much of its downtown.
 
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