FOOD Food Lessons from the Great Depression

Deena in GA

Administrator
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I found this article and the link on another forum. It's from Dec. 10 and the link no longer works for the article. Sorry! It's worth reading and discussing though.

Food lessons from the Great Depression

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SOURCE: http://www.latimes.com/features/food...0.story?page=1

Today, learning how to cook on a budget is becoming important to more families. In the 1930s, making do was a kitchen art, honed by necessity. Sour grass soup, anyone?



By Mary MacVean
December 10, 2008
When she was a kid, for a treat Pat Box and her seven siblings got "water cocoa," which is pretty much what it sounds like and nothing special today. But that was in the 1930s, when her father's business was reselling bakers' barrels to coopers, and the family would get first crack at them, scraping the wood for any traces of sugar or cocoa left behind.

With luck, they'd also have rye bread and fresh butter they'd buy on Brooklyn Avenue.

"It was wonderful," said Box, 87, one afternoon while she gathered with friends at the Claude Pepper Senior Center on La Cienega Boulevard, just north of the 10 Freeway.

At a time when Americans face frightening and disorienting economic uncertainty, the Great Depression provides valuable lessons. For many people, putting a meal on the table without turning to processed or takeout foods is no longer something just for a weekend dinner party but a skill they must learn. People who remember what it was like to eat during the Depression talk about thrift, growing their own, sharing with neighbors and learning to cope with what they had.

Box grew up in Boyle Heights in a time of desperate need, but no one went hungry at her family's house, though it took work and ingenuity.

Her mother baked bread and made kreplach. Her father turned flour sacks into towels to sell, and her aunt sold chickens. "You'd stick your hand in, feel for fat around the stomach" and make your choice. Her mother made pillows with the feathers.

It was a time when leftovers were planned. A roast chicken -- for Jewish Shabbat or Sunday dinner -- lasted for days, as chicken with rice, chicken and dumplings, pot pie, stew or soup or salad. Women used the wrappers on margarine to butter baking pans. People ate what they could grow or kill or find.

Be honest, now: Can anybody in your house skin a rabbit?

Know what to do with milkweed pods? (Boil them and top with grated cheese.) Get your kids to eat sour grass soup? Those recipes, from "Dining During the Depression," a collection of recipes edited by Karen Thibodeau, are unlikely to find their way into kitchens today, despite the state of the economy.

But in the 1930s, making do was a kitchen art, honed by necessity.

"In the times when the economy is really bad, it becomes an even more important question of how you're going to put food on the table for your family," says Kelly Alexander, co-author of "Hometown Appetites," a biography of the pioneering newspaper food columnist Clementine Paddleford.

"If you want to save money, you're going to have to learn to cook," Alexander says.

She says she recently saw a pot pie recipe that called for precooked pieces of chicken, a premade crust and vegetables from a salad bar -- essentially directions for assembling, not cooking. So by appealing to people who are too busy to cook or unwilling to learn, a modern version of a dish invented to make leftovers appealing becomes a collection of expensive ingredients.

Many Americans never learned to cook as they grew up, and they rely on takeout or packaged food, but dinner was a very different experience during the Depression.

Mix 'n' match soup

"We ate a lot of mashed potatoes, and I'm still hung up on mashed potatoes," says Rosalyn Weinstein, 79, pointing to an uneaten scoop on her plate. Though she does not cook much these days, she says she still makes "mix 'n' match" soup from whatever is on hand.

"Cooking is becoming a lost art," she says. "I've never been a takeout person. And I've never been a fast food person.

Joe Bagley, 81, who moved to Los Angeles during World War II, was born in Texas and raised for a time on a farm. "We were never wanting for food, but you had to raise your own," he says, adding that his family saw plenty of hungry people wandering in search of work. They'd stop at the farm, and Bagley recalls that he'd be sent inside to get whatever was there to feed them.

Though the country is not in a depression today, signs of tough times are all around.

The market is in shreds, food is pricier. A spokesman for Ralphs and Food 4 Less says more people are turning to house brands, and Albertsons has seen more sales of "stretcher" products such as Hamburger Helper, a spokeswoman says...........................
 

meezy

Veteran Member
The point about "cooking" vs. "assembling" is very valid. I'm often disgusted with what passes for cookbooks these days because they list so many pre-prepared ingredients. I am quite comfy cooking from scratch, so those directions are useless to me.

The only thing I don't do from "scratch" is butchering. We even get our eggs straight from the backyard chickens.
 

Tundra Gypsy

Veteran Member
I must have learned to use the butter wrappers to grease my cookie sheets from my mother, cause I've been doing it for 50 years and never thought about how I learned it. I guess some things carry over from the Depression.
 

Wombatcat

Bibliophile
The point about "cooking" vs. "assembling" is very valid. I'm often disgusted with what passes for cookbooks these days because they list so many pre-prepared ingredients. I am quite comfy cooking from scratch, so those directions are useless to me.

I couldn't agree more!!! Our local grocery store, in the meat department sells--get this--a ready to cook pot roast kit!! It's got the roast, some baby carrots, some little potatoes, some chunks of onion, a spice packet, and it costs about three times what it would cost to put the stuff together yourself--I honestly can't believe that people don't even have the time to stop by the produce aisle and buy their own veggies, that is just amazing!!! :shr:
 

Deena in GA

Administrator
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The article made me think of my grandfather who ate potatoes every single day. It makes me wonder if it was something left over from the Depression.

One thing I've wondered about is some of the things that were cheap then are no longer a cheap meal. Potatoes for instance... it would cost me what I consider a fortune to make potatoes every day for my family. They can easily put away 5 lbs. or more of mashed potatoes at a meal. It is MUCH cheaper for me to serve rice. And it seems that from one season or year to the next such things change. I guess the point is to learn to adapt and use what you have or can afford.
 

Tennessee gal

Veteran Member
One of my family members grew up during the Depression. His family struggled to have enough to eat. They ate potatoe soup so much that as an adult he refused to ever eat it again.

One of the things I learned from my folks growing up was to never waste food. We could have what we wanted, but we had to eat what we put on our plates. We didn't throw out food. What ever was left over from supper would be reinvented into another dish. Waste not want not!
 

lectrickitty

Great Great Grandma!
Both of my parents lived thru the depression and kept some habits the rest of their lives.

Mom used the butter wrappers, and I guess I picked it up from her. She saved everything imaginable, every tiny bit of leftover veggies went into a jar to make veggie soup later. She kept the string off feed sacks and had a ball of string in a kitchen drawer. She did lots of frugal things.

I remember when we had a steer butchered we always got lots of packages of soup bones. Today we don't get soup bones when we have a steer butchered. The butcher sells them.

We always had bread with every meal. Bread helped fill us up so we didn't eat as much meat and other foods.

There are so many methods of conserving. I wish I knew more of them.
 

Kritter

The one and only...
My Grandmother lived through the depression and one of the habits I picked up from her was washing and reusing tinfoil. :)

She had a tenement type apartment in Brooklyn, and even though she was considered well off, I remember her kitchen had nothing more in it than a small two seater dinette set, a tiny ice box, a potato bin and a single double shelf cabinet, and all the apartments were like that. (and they yelled out the windows to each other to communicate instead of using phones, heh)

I dont know where people in the city got their meat from each day but she bought ice, dairy products and fruit / veggies from the horse carts and trucks that made the rounds each day..and I remember them having bells to let people know they were stopped nearby..and that was probably my earliest memory as a child..so that was already the mid 1960s.

So like, even though we can be as bad off with the coming depression, we still have so much more right now. We can stock up in preparation where the depression era city dwellers really couldn't.
 

Amazed

Does too have a life!
Waste not want not!

That should be engraved on my Grams head stone. I don't think a week went by when I was growing up that she didn't say that.

Although reading about the Depression is helpful, I've found that you really have to look around your own world now and make your thrifty decisions based on todays reality. Things have changed. I have to convert everything to dollars and cents to know if it's really a bargain today.
 

garnetgirl

Veteran Member
My Grandmother lived through the depression and one of the habits I picked up from her was washing and reusing tinfoil. :)

That's one of the things that sticks in my memory about my grandmother. I used to clean her house for her and I would find little bits of used folded aluminum foil and used plastic wrap rolled up in little balls stuck into little crannies around her kitchen. She never threw that stuff away.

garnetgirl
 

Sligo

Inactive
My grandmother, born in 1904, made "Thanksgiving Soup" and kept the recipe a secret for years. Here's why: She was one of 12 kids and they always gather for a large Thanksgiving at her home. She alone would take the plates to the kitchen and scrape all the plates into a big pot. She would only take off bread and throw that away. Once all the scrapings were in the pot, she would cover with water and boil it for 30 minutes or so, then strain. She threw away all the solids, but kept the flavorful broth, to which she added the carcass of the turkey and the dark meat only. The she would add left over veggies. My mom said it was the best soup she ever had. So I asked my Grandma how to make it. She whispered it to me one day. I cleared the table at the next Thanksgiving at my Mom's, and made the soup for her, and she said it was just like her Mother's. Being a young poor Mom myself at the time, I've made that soup many times over the years - I just don't tell people the recipe. ;). All that stuff would have been thrown away! And it boiled for over 1/2 hour - all germs were killed. Waste not, want not.
 

breezyhill

Veteran Member
My grandmother, born in 1904, made "Thanksgiving Soup" and kept the recipe a secret for years. Here's why: She was one of 12 kids and they always gather for a large Thanksgiving at her home. She alone would take the plates to the kitchen and scrape all the plates into a big pot. She would only take off bread and throw that away. Once all the scrapings were in the pot, she would cover with water and boil it for 30 minutes or so, then strain. She threw away all the solids, but kept the flavorful broth, to which she added the carcass of the turkey and the dark meat only. The she would add left over veggies. My mom said it was the best soup she ever had. So I asked my Grandma how to make it. She whispered it to me one day. I cleared the table at the next Thanksgiving at my Mom's, and made the soup for her, and she said it was just like her Mother's. Being a young poor Mom myself at the time, I've made that soup many times over the years - I just don't tell people the recipe. ;). All that stuff would have been thrown away! And it boiled for over 1/2 hour - all germs were killed. Waste not, want not.

I could stomach this from my own family. but I PRAY TO GOD they don't do it in restaurants!
Breezyhill
 

blueberry

Inactive
I couldn't agree more!!! Our local grocery store, in the meat department sells--get this--a ready to cook pot roast kit!! It's got the roast, some baby carrots, some little potatoes, some chunks of onion, a spice packet, and it costs about three times what it would cost to put the stuff together yourself--I honestly can't believe that people don't even have the time to stop by the produce aisle and buy their own veggies, that is just amazing!!! :shr:

My local grocery stores have the same thing. They also have a stew kit, with a a few chunks of meat and some vegetables, at about three times the cost. Yes, it is amazing that people would pay so much for those kits. :shk: Even sadder, they probably think they are saving money, since they are 'cooking' that night.
 

3-L's

Membership Revoked
The point about "cooking" vs. "assembling" is very valid. I'm often disgusted with what passes for cookbooks these days because they list so many pre-prepared ingredients. I am quite comfy cooking from scratch, so those directions are useless to me.

The only thing I don't do from "scratch" is butchering. We even get our eggs straight from the backyard chickens.


I know how to cook from scratch and that is my basic everyday method of cooking but as part of my preps I went to yard sales, thrift stores and the like hunting for "old cookbooks".........you know the ones that don't mention microwaves or going to the store and buying something prepackaged as part of the recipe.

Today.......the food companies are repackaging their products into smaller sizes and still charging more. The point here is that the measurements for ingredients may change. For instance if the recipe calls for a 15 oz. can of something you all know already that no such animal exists. So as part of knowing how to cook from scratch one must also know measurements and how to compensate for the changes in sizes/contents.

Some women are going to be so very lost in the kitchen. There is going to be a big need for a lot of crying towels.
 

breezyhill

Veteran Member
before the housing bubble burst, it always cracked me up when folks spent $50,000 for their kitchens in their new mcmansions, but they never really cooked in the dang thing. all for show. stupid is as stupid does.

Breezyhill
 

CelticRose

Inactive
before the housing bubble burst, it always cracked me up when folks spent $50,000 for their kitchens in their new mcmansions, but they never really cooked in the dang thing. all for show. stupid is as stupid does.

Breezyhill

So true!!!

We have a friend who always had inredible houses...... And also went through wives / girlfriends / semi-significant others, with great speed.......

He always had the most incredible kitchens in his places. In his last one, he had 3 kitchens!!!!... The 'main one' in the house...... An elaborate outdoor kitchen with Sub-zero appliances and a the third kitchen in his 'entertainment building (imagine a smallish reception hall with state of the art everything:shr:) Oh! and another kitchen in the guest quarters that was just as state of the art, but on a smaller scale ........

The thing is, that not one of his women cooked. We stopped over one afternoon and one of his girlfriends had a cookbook out and was trying to figure out how to make a simple tossed salad .......:lol:

She eventually gave up and decided that it was easier to just call a local place and order a meal to be delivered ............

They always had all these fancy kitchen gadgets ...... That they never used ..... And basically were just 'decor' ..........

And then there's a niece of ours who visted us in MN and was amazed when we saw me making pasta .......... She said that she'd always wondered where pasta came from :shkr: Of course she and her husband both thought a 'home cooked meal' was her making instant mashed potatoes, stove top stuffing and putting store bought, precooked friend chicken in the oven ....... And that was for a holiday meal .......
 

Gingergirl

Veteran Member
Both of my parents lived thru the depression and kept some habits the rest of their lives.

Mom used the butter wrappers, and I guess I picked it up from her. She saved everything imaginable, every tiny bit of leftover veggies went into a jar to make veggie soup later. She kept the string off feed sacks and had a ball of string in a kitchen drawer. She did lots of frugal things.

I remember when we had a steer butchered we always got lots of packages of soup bones. Today we don't get soup bones when we have a steer butchered. The butcher sells them.

We always had bread with every meal. Bread helped fill us up so we didn't eat as much meat and other foods.

There are so many methods of conserving. I wish I knew more of them.


I ask the butcher for my bones (unfrozen), then make them up into broth and can the broth. I've not been charged extra for the bones.
 

FlyLadyFan

Inactive
Actually, with the cost of tin foil these days, I've started using mine alot more than once too !!!

Dog food can covers at my house.

Another post mentioned leftovers becoming soup. We keep a large plastic container in the FREEZER and add what's about to expire or go bad to the container. When it's full, boil it up. The recipe is never the same twice, and it's called "Must Go Soup".

I like the scraped-plate soup idea too. Will try it this Christmas. Shhh. Don't tell anyone!

FLF

.
 

RiJoRi

Inactive
Every Christmas, "Nanny" (my maternal grandmother) who lived with us would insist we carefully open our gifts. She would collect the wrapping paper, fold it neatly, and put it in her closet. It never got re-used. She also had pencils that were a LOT older than I was.

As to tin foil, in case you do not know, crumple it before using. Makes it a lot stronger.

I knew someone whose mother would make Day-After-Thanksgiving Soup. He hated it because she would throw everything in there -- including cranberry sauce and pie left-overs. :kk2:

I don't use "tin foil" much, but I do keep bread wrappers, and odd-size tin cans.

--Rich
 

AnnCats

Inactive
"Today.......the food companies are repackaging their products into smaller sizes and still charging more. The point here is that the measurements for ingredients may change. For instance if the recipe calls for a 15 oz. can of something you all know already that no such animal exists. So as part of knowing how to cook from scratch one must also know measurements and how to compensate for the changes in sizes/contents."

Umm - I believe what you are talking about is "assembling" because there are very few basic recipes that use a 15 ounce can of anything. When i bake the fave minute artisan bread, it takes plain old flour, salt, water and yeast. For chicken pot pie there is left over chicken, some carrots and potatoes and onions that I peel and cut up and a sauce made from white flour, water, butter and some spices. There are no 15 ounce cans of anything so the changes don't mean much one way or another.

On the other hand, I purely think it's cheating and mean to cut the size of a jar of peanut butter by putting a dimple in the bottom of the jar so it looks like its the same amount when it's really two ounces lighter - and you are still paying the same!

ANyone else have things that they've noticed that the depression era family member still do or did, before they died?
 

Norma

Veteran Member
I must have learned to use the butter wrappers to grease my cookie sheets from my mother, cause I've been doing it for 50 years and never thought about how I learned it. I guess some things carry over from the Depression.

That goes for me to. I have never skinned a rabbit but I can butcher and cut up a chicken; now does that count? I think it is gonna be a rued awakening for a lot of folks.

Norma
 

meezy

Veteran Member
Lots of comments.

RE the potatoes not being "cheap food": True, but not necessarily. Back in my "dirt poor" days I had to keep a list of foods that was always cheap - potatoes was on it basically because they are satisfying. Others were eggs, ramen noodles, egg noodles, rice, dry beans, and store-brand canned veggies and tuna stocked up on sales.

You could also GROW potatoes yourself, in most areas - that makes them much cheaper. It's not a difficult crop; all you need is a pile of dirt. Maybe that's one of the reasons potatoes were considered cheap food then, but not now, people grew them.

I grew onions last year and was amazed at how financially efficient they are! I estimate that I got at least $50 of onions from a $4 investment of onion sets, and I still have about 5# left.

RE the pre-assembled meals in grocery stores: it actually IS a savings of money from dining in restaurants, by at least half, maybe more, even if the store does most of the prep work. For people who work all day and come home exhausted with kids to take care of, etc., you've got to consider the value of time and labor vs. money. I know there are evenings when I just cannot stand the idea of doing anything more intensive than making a sandwich.

I still think most of us would be better served with planning ahead, maybe cooking two meals at once and freezing one instead of buying pre-prepared stuff, and that many people just don't realize how easy it is to peel a potato...

Which reminds me...

I saw a TV ad a short while back advertising these pre-prepped potatoes for making mashed potatoes; all you had to do was microwave the bag the mash the potatoes with butter and milk. It showed this totally *exhausted* looking woman *struggling* with a potato peeler like it was the most difficult chore in the world. I don't get it. I can peel a whole 5# bag of potatoes in about 10 minutes, hardly breaking a sweat. Hm.

RE the 15# cans of yesteryear vs. sizes now...I think many standard sizes are the same - well, 15# cans might now be 14.5? And a stick of butter is still 1/2 cup. But you're right about many things.

Now, whether or not that's cooking vs. assembling? Yeah, there's a fine line. Sometimes it is cheaper and more efficient to buy canned veggies - if you open a can of corn to toss into your soup, is that cheating? I could certainly use dry beans instead of canned ones, I could (and do, usually) grow my own tomatoes and make them into sauce, then put them up in jars in the pantry, but I don't consider opening cans for basic ingredients "assembling" instead of cooking. I don't make my own pasta, I don't grind my own peanut butter.

The difference is, I CAN do these things if I need to.

Back to the standard size and "scratch" issue...it's fun trying to do the mental math, substituting pint jars for 15 oz. cans, or figuring out how much of a fresh food equals one unit of the pre-prepared stuff a recipe calls for.

Fortunately, it doesn't really matter in most recipes. I'm a "dash and dab" cook. :)
 

Deena in GA

Administrator
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Very true that it's cheaper if you grow the potatoes yourself. We do, but in the heat and humidity down here we certainly can't keep them year round. Still, they are very easy to grow - and the deer don't eat the vines like they do the sweet potatoes.

Onions, at least for me, are a different story. I can NOT grow onions. I can't even tell you how many years I've tried - and all the different methods, variety, soil, depth, etc I've tried. It is SO frustrating. But, you know, I've found that many people have something that just won't grow for them. For me, it's onions. That's actually one of the thoughts behind the barter group that a friend of mine is setting up. We tend to have different "strengths" as far as what we grow and how well it grows.

I do think it's essential that people start trying to grow at least some of their food. Anything is better than nothing.
 

meezy

Veteran Member
True. For me, it's peppers and lettuce! Everyone says they're so easy to grow. I plant them and they just sit there doing nothing, till the lettuce bolts.
 

herbgarden

Veteran Member
My family got livers and gizzards and beef tongue free from the butcher,during the Depression. My mom and grandma made a lot of that.Fried liver, Liver dumplings,fried gizzards with gravy.and gizzard soup. Plus, all of the bones and scraps of meat and fat they considered "for the dog", were made into soups. (We are a big soup and freah bread family) Now, you have to pay a lot for those things.
They also made a lot of soups from the necks and backs of chickens-those we free at their butcher. Today, I saw them at Schnucks for $1.59 a pound.GOOD GRIEF!!! Some things will be much harder this time around.
And yes ,I can skin a rabbit or squirrel.
My parents and grandparents made sure I could do most all things.(A little weak on car care. But,DH is great at that)
 

Jean B

Inactive
My mom washed out bread bags (plastic) and washed them until the colors wore off. Dad made a dow post plastic bag dryer for her. I'm thinking of keeping a box of old bread bags myself for if I have to bake bread to live on. I buy whole grain natural bread now as it's available.
 

lectrickitty

Great Great Grandma!
I still think most of us would be better served with planning ahead, maybe cooking two meals at once and freezing one instead of buying pre-prepared stuff, and that many people just don't realize how easy it is to peel a potato...
I agree that planning ahead is the secret to cooking from scratch. I use a calendar to list my menu for a month. I try to stick to it as close as I can, but often move things from one day to another if I want something else on a day it's not listed. It makes it easy to estimate how many leftovers I'll probably have so I can incorporate a plan to can them for later use.

I once tried the "once a month cooking" and it was ok. I prefer to make the meals daily instead of doing it all on a weekend and saving the meals in the freezer. I can see how that would be good for someone who works, but it's not for me.
 

Truly_Bug

Inactive
Its a good idea to learn how to cook with basic supplies.
Thanks for the post Deena!
I have a couple of friends that have scoffed at the idea of eating canned meats or cheeses (the kind for prepping). I've been told "EEEWW! We wouldn't eat anything like that! That sounds nasty!"
I guess all we are responsible for is warning them and advising. But it's not our responsibility to force them to save and prepare for themselves.

Dont ya kinda of feel like Noah, when God spoke to him and told him to make the ark? All the onlookers scoffed. But when the rain started falling... everyone fought to grab hold to the ark. I dread getting those bangs at the door when the real depression hits <sigh> But it's not like the US hasnt been warned its coming.
 

Shooting Star

Veteran Member
Me and some ladies I work with were talking yesterday about cost saving tips - One of them makes her own washing powders - she gave us the recipe and I am going to try it - I bought the ingredients tonight.

Reference the potatoes - I cannned several quarts this summer - they are great for soups, stews - potatoe salad, etc...I was getting 50 lb bags for $8.00....
 

meezy

Veteran Member
I make my own laundry soap too. It's not a difficult thing and really can save a bundle.
 

mudwrench

Senior Member
depression cooking

i was raised by an old childless couple who drove around the country looking for work and sight seeing during the depression........ she still made me chocolate chip cookies made with bacon grease........... popcorn made with bacon grease with salt and lots of pepper............... vinegar pie cant remember what was in it but it was good lots of custard pie and yes potatoes everyday and gravy so thick when it cooled you could slice it and make a sandwich oh man it was sooooooooooo good
 

Mots123

Inactive
One little trick i've learned...........at the end of the week all the little bits and pieces left over in the icebox gets put into a pot and cooked................... if it's thin, it's soup and if it's thick it's stew.
It was an extra 'free' meal. And never two alike.
And yes, i've been known to make the Thanksgiving Day soup............ still felt a little weird about it.
And once, i made onion soup with left over deep fried onion rings and french fried potatoes that one of the adult kids left in the icebox in a doggy bag........... my dh said it was the best soup he'd ever had............ and i was too chicken to tell him how i did it.
It's amazing what You can do if You have to.
It's time to look up how to make stuff out of nothing............
Best!motsfo
 

momof23goats

Deceased
I can skin out a rabbit, gut and dress a deer or a hog, this i have done many times. I have helped to dress out a steer .when we butcher, the bones go into a huge pot I have. and are cooked down for broth. nothing is wasted here. Bones from chickens, hams , turkeys, well any king of bones, and cooked down for broth, for soups. I make everything last. Everything.
 
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