Whiteville plant closing: 'All we've got is hope'
Sun. October 19, 2008; Posted: 04:45 AM
WHITEVILLE, Oct 19, 2008 (The Fayetteville Observer - McClatchy-Tribune Information Services via COMTEX) -- WMT | Quote | Chart | News | PowerRating -- The words came from nowhere, harsh and hard, because there is no other way to hear that you are being laid off.
Robert Bailey said he had no warning, just a rumor that Georgia Pacific's plywood plant was struggling in this battered economy.
"A week later, they come in and say, 'This is your 60-day notice,'" said Bailey, who has worked at the plant for 31 years.
About 350 Georgia Pacific workers were told Oct. 2 that they would be laid off indefinitely. They will be losing good jobs, paying an average of about $15 an hour and considerably more with overtime. Bailey said he made as much as $65,000 a year fixing equipment in the plant's maintenance shop.
But Georgia Pacific relies on the construction industry to use its plywood to build new homes. Only these days, few homes are being built because the nation's financial meltdown has led to bank failures and a credit crunch.
Perhaps few places in America have been hit harder than Whiteville, a town about 60 miles southeast of Fayetteville with a quaint red-brick downtown built around the three Ts -- textiles, tobacco and timber.
Textiles and tobacco collapsed here in the 1990s -- Columbus County lost more than 1,200 textile jobs from 1998 to 2001 -- and much of the timber industry is now on shaky footing.
Georgia Pacific says it isn't closing the Whiteville plant, just idling it for the foreseeable future in hopes that the economy will rebound and people will start building homes again. A skeleton crew will remain at the plant to keep the machines oiled and ready in case the demand for plywood returns.
But Bailey and other workers aren't holding out much hope. Why, they wonder, would the local community college be reaching out to retrain workers? Why would the state's Rapid Response Team be coming to hold job fairs and provide other services to help people find new work? Why, Bailey asks, would plant management tell him to take his tools home on his last day of work?
Plant manager Rex Hiers, in a letter to Whiteville Mayor Dial Gray, didn't sound optimistic, either.
Market conditions may determine the plant's future, Hiers wrote, and "market conditions are not expected to be favorable in the short term. It remains unclear when the plant will reopen, if at all."
A Georgia Pacific plywood plant in Talladega, Ala., shut down in May for the same reasons. Five months later, an estimated 380 workers have not returned.
People may not realize it now, Bailey said, but soon all of Columbus County will be hurting.
"There is going to be people in real trouble money-wise," he said. "It's all going to trickle down as time goes by. It's going to affect the whole community.
"If things keep going the way they are, I may lose my house."
An uncertain future
Bailey and three other Georgia Pacific workers sat around a kitchen table last week. Among them, they have a combined 107 years of employment at the plant.
Michael Lewis, the local union leader, is the oldest at 52. Donnie Hilbourn is the baby at 37. Hilbourn's father worked at the plant before him. Mike Worley's dad did, too. Worley's son makes it three generations of Georgia Pacific workers.
That's typical in small towns, especially when the pay is good and the work is steady. Worley has spent nearly two-thirds of his life gluing plywood sheets together. Hilbourn started working at the plant six days after leaving high school. Nineteen years later, he's still at it, working in the freezing cold of winter and in the broiling heat of summer. It's impossible to heat or cool such a huge plant.
But the four men have no deep-seated complaints against Georgia Pacific. They say the company has treated them well. It has provided good health benefits and a decent wage. It has provided them the means to buy homes and pickups and big-screen TVs. It put Worley's two children through college.
Yet now -- at least for the foreseeable future -- the security for these men is gone, and they are left wondering what their futures hold.
"All I've done is Georgia Pacific," Worley said.
None of these men is young anymore, nor are they highly skilled. The thought of commuting to a bigger city for work has little appeal. Moving has even less. They were born and raised here. Columbus County is home.
"There ain't no jobs in southeastern North Carolina, so where are we going to go?" Bailey asked.
The faltering economy has also robbed the men of a big chunk of their 401(k) nest eggs. And even if they did decide to move, they doubt their homes would sell quickly.
"I guess," Bailey said, "we're going to have to join those people with unemployment and fight to survive.
"It's not going to be much of a future, but we're going to try to make it be one."
Although unemployment benefits and the federal COBRA insurance program will help, the men say, at the end of the day they will have considerably less money to make ends meet.
"I might last a month or two," Bailey said.
'It's going to hurt'
Terry Mann, a Whiteville City Council member, stood in his men's clothing shop downtown, next to signs advertising half-price shoes and 25 percent off shirts. His grandfather founded J.S. Mann's in 1922.
Now Mann is beginning to wonder whether his business can hold on. Another stalwart downtown department store, Kramer's, closed earlier this year after 89 years in business.
The two Kramer's buildings now sit vacant, another sign of the times in Whiteville, where stores have fled downtown for the allure of being next to Wal-Mart on the outskirts of town.
Mann said his business had been holding steady, partly because he is getting the former customers of Kramer's.
But he said he has seen a significant drop since Georgia Pacific announced its layoffs. He attributes the decline to the layoffs, as well as the psychological mood of the country. People are holding on to their money.
"In the long term, it's going to hurt because I just don't know what's out there to replace them," Mann said.
Down the street, just one customer had walked into the Furniture Depot by noon Tuesday.
"It's probably going to be a bad Christmas season for us, with all the jobs we're losing around here and the economy," said Norman Nobles, a part-time clerk.
Losing 350 jobs -- and possibly 50 more if an adjacent Georgia Pacific plant producing another lumber product is shut down -- would hurt almost any town. But when you are small, like Whiteville, it can cripple. The town has about 5,000 residents, more than a quarter of whom live below the federal poverty level.
In Columbus County, more than one in eight people are out of work now. Idling the Georgia Pacific plant in December will only make matters worse. The county also is losing its Coca-Cola bottling plant, putting another 42 people out of work.
Whiteville City Manager Josh Ray is preparing for the worst as best he can. Last week, Ray said he planned to tell the City Council that he would order department heads to trim spending by about 5percent.
The main reason is a projected decline in sales tax revenues of 10 percent. Normally, Ray said, the town's sales tax revenues increase by 3 percent to 5percent annually. But the layoffs, and the nation's poor economy, are causing people to pocket their money. Sales taxes are Whiteville's second-biggest source of revenue, behind property taxes.
The loss of sales taxes, coupled with the high price of gasoline, have Ray scrambling to find ways to save money without having to lay off any of his 71 employees.
Police are doubling up on patrols and buying tires for their patrol cars less often. The fire department is using a pickup truck to respond to fires before deciding whether to send a gas-guzzling pumper truck. Ray said some capital projects planned for the year will have to be put on hold.
Ray believes the cutbacks will be enough to pull the town through.
"But when this plant closes, we cannot handle another plant closing," he said. "We don't have enough to withstand losing another 100, 200, 300 more jobs at one time."
Encouraging signs
But some hope is on the horizon. The state opened a new prison near Tabor City in August that is expected to create more than 500 jobs, most of them correctional officer positions.
Last month, Piramide Mexican Foods, which makes tortillas, announced that it will become the first company in seven years to locate in Columbus County's Southeast Regional Park. Piramide plans to invest more than $1 million and create 20 jobs.
Plans are also in the initial stages to build another industrial park, which would straddle the border of Brunswick and Columbus counties.
Justin Smith, the Columbus County Economic Development director, said the park's aim would be to attract businesses that distribute goods once they leave the port of Wilmington. Smith said at least one potential suitor is eager to locate in the park.
He said Brunswick County likes the idea of sharing the park because tenants would be eligible for Columbus County's much more attractive state tax credits.
U.S. Rep. Mike McIntyre, whose 7th Congressional District includes Whiteville, has also vowed to help assist the area in getting new jobs.
"We will work with Columbus County and Whiteville leaders to explore Economic Development Administration strategy grants to assist in marketing efforts to attract new industries," McIntyre said Thursday in an e-mail statement. "Our commitment to do all we can to help those in this unfortunate time is unwavering and solid."
McIntyre said his office will also ensure that displaced workers qualify for unemployment insurance. He promised to work through the U.S. Department of Labor's Workforce Investment Act to provide the workers job bank information, financial management programs, skills training, child care and transportation.
Meanwhile, the state's Rapid Response Team visited the Georgia Pacific plant Friday, where the team met with company officials and began the process of addressing job services for the idled workers.
The state and federal assistance is welcome news in a town and county marred by a scarcity of jobs and high unemployment.
Although civic leaders accentuate the positives, those being laid off from Georgia Pacific tend to see their world through a different lens.
"The county, without more jobs, we're going to dry up like a grape on the vine," said Lewis, the union leader.
"Right now, all we've got is hope."
Staff writer Greg Barnes can be reached at
barnesg@fayobserver.com or 486-3525.
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